Question

【题目】短文改错

请你修改下面短文，共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏子符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

On February 5th, our city saw a disaster of snowstorm where had never happened in the last fifty years.

The snowstorm lasted for several days, greatly affected people’s life. It snowed heavy and many vehicles were trapped on the roads. Therefore, people were forced to head for our destinations on foot. Not only all the flights canceled but many trains were also delayed. The city government called on all the citizens or soldier to fight a campaign of removing the heavy snow. Beside, the city government took all kinds of urgent measure to rescue the people trapped in the snowstorm to ensure that everything returned to normal as soon as possible.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】where -- that/ which

【2】greatly前加and

【3】affected --- affecting

【4】heavy --- heavily

【5】our --- their

【6】Not only后加were

【7】or --- and

【8】soldier --- soldiers

【9】Beside --- Besides

【10】measure --- measures

【解析】

试题分析：本文讲的是一座城市遭遇一场暴风雪并造成危害的事

【1】where -- that/ which考查连词。where用于先行词为地点，此处先行词为snowstorm，故where -- that/ which

【2】greatly前加and，考查连词，前后两个从句是一个完整的句子，是并列关系，用and。

【3】affected --- affecting考查动词。动名词作主语用动词ing形式，故affected --- affecting

【4】heavy --- heavily考查副词。修饰动词snowed用副词，雪下得很大。故heavy --- heavily

【5】our --- their考查代词。此句的主语是people，故代词用第三人称。故our --- their

【6】Not only后加were，考查be动词，连词but前后从句时态一致，故Not only后加were

【7】or --- and，考查连词，这里意思表肯定，是肯定句，表并列关系，所有的居民和士兵，连词用and，故or --- and

【8】soldier --- soldiers，考查名词。此处表所有的居民和士兵，用复数，故soldier --- soldiers

【9】Beside --- Besides考查介词。Beside是在旁边的意思，Besides是除此之外、还有，此处要表达的是除此之外、还有的意思，故Beside --- Besides

【10】measure --- measures考查名词。all kinds of各种各样的，表复数。故measure --- measures

【学法指导】

在短文改错中常出现的错误主要有以下几类：

1. 名词单复数用错，可数与不可数名词的混用。比如最后一句the city government took all kinds of urgent measure to rescue the people trapped in the snowstorm to ensure that everything returned to normal as soon as possible. all kinds of各种各样的，表复数。measure是可数名词，故measure --- measures

2. 动词：时态和语态，常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时，中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象；或是及物动词后无宾语，或是不及物动词后加了宾语；需要接ing形式的接了to，或相反等。比如第二句The snowstorm lasted for several days, greatly affected people’s life. 考查动词。动名词作主语用动词ing形式，故affected --- affecting

3. 形容词副词：常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或相反；关系副词where， when， why等的缺失或错用。比如第3句It snowed heavy and many vehicles were trapped on the roads. 考查副词。修饰动词snowed用副词，雪下得很大。故heavy --- heavily

4. 介词：主要是介词的多余或缺失，错用。比如最后一句Beside, the city government took all kinds of ... 考查介词。Beside是在旁边的意思，Besides是除此之外、还有，此处要表达的是除此之外、还有的意思，故Beside --- Besides

5. 主谓一致性：第三人称单数漏掉s，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数；再就是就近原则对主语的影响。

6. 冠词：定冠词the的多余或缺失，如季节，月份，星期，球类及三餐活动，称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the。

7. 数词：主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用。

8. 连词：不合句中的逻辑关系。如需转折连词（如but）的时候用了承接连词（so），或相反等等。比如第6句The city government called on all the citizens or soldier to fight a campaign of removing the heavy snow. 考查连词，这里意思表肯定，是肯定句，表并列关系，所有的居民和士兵，连词用and，故or --- and

9. 代词：主要是代词的格与数的错用。如男性用了女性代词，单数用了复数代词或相反；应当用形容词性的物主代词用了宾格，主格或相反，关系代词的错用或缺失。

10. 常用固定短语或固定用法及句型用错。