题目内容
11.Tuesday's Amtrak derailment(脱轨) Philadelphia,which claimed eight lives and injured more than 200others,has turned the country's attention to railroad safety.But for those commuters(每日往返上班者) questioning whether or not to board the next train,statistics may offer some reassurance.According to the scientific journal Bandolier,the lifetime odds of dying on a passenger train in the US are about one in 1,871,241.So trains are still one of the safest modes of transport; in 2013,891U.S.fatalities were linked to rail travel,while 32,700people were killed in highway accidents.
"Train accidents are rare,"Dr.Zarembski,director of the railroad safety program,told The Huffington Post."Accident rate in 2014was 2.2accidents per million train miles,this number has been declining steadily."But if you are still concerned about safety-or if you're just curious about which part of the train is the safest place to sit-science has an answer for that too.
The front car of a train is the most dangerous place in the event of a head-on collision,while the last car is less safe if the train is rear-ended(追尾).In fact,trains are nine times more likely to derail than to hit another train or car head-on or to get hit from behind,according to the Federal Railroad Administration.The administration found that there were about 13,200derailments from 2005to 2014,compared with about 1,450collisions.
Studies suggest that broken rails or welds are the leading cause of derailment,and these problems more often cause derailments near the front of the train.Therefore,choosing a car located in the middle,or one or two back from the middle of the train may be the safest bet,Ross Capon,president of the National Association of Railroad Passengers,told CBS New York.
If you can't get a seat near the midpoint of a train,there's another potential safety factor you might want to consider-namely,which way your seat is facing."I prefer rear facing so that in most cases you are pushed back into the seat in the event of an emergency braking application,"Zarembski said.
In general,aisle(过道) seats are safer than window seats,where a passenger is more likely to come in contact with broken glass or be thrown out of the train,Capon told CBS New York.Of course,in the very rare event of a catastrophic crash like Tuesday's,there's no guarantee that sitting in a certain place or facing a certain way means you'll escape being injured.
58.What does the underlined word"fatalities"in Paragraph 2most probably mean?A
A.Deaths.
B.Rates.
C.Accidents.
D.Carriages.
59.In the first three paragraphs,the author is trying toD.
A.describe objectively the serious consequences a derailment may bring about
B.urge people to consider carefully whether to board a train in the future
C.impress on people the poor management of American railway lines
D.persuade people with statistics that it is still safer to travel by train
60.After reading the passage,we can infer that it might be the safest to sitC.
A.front facing on a window seat in the front cars
B.front facing on an aisle seat in the last few cars
C.rear facing on an aisle seat in the middle cars
D.rear facing on a window seat one car behind the middle.
分析 费城的火车脱轨事件引发了人们对乘坐火车安全的担忧.作者首先通过数据指出,火车依然是最安全的交通工具之一.接着作者分析了在火车上坐在哪个地方最安全这一问题.
解答 58.A.词义猜测题.根据文章So trains are still one of the safest modes of transport; in 2013,891U.S.fatalities were linked to rail travel,while 32,700people were killed in highway accidents可知在2013,891 美国人丧生于铁路旅行,而32700人在高速公路车祸中丧生;意为死亡;故选A.
59.D.文章前3段,主要根据:第一段最后一句:But for those commuters questioning whether or not to board the next train,statistics may offer some reassurance.;第二段第二句So trains are still one of the safest modes of transport; 第三段第一句"Train accidents are rare"等,通过分析事实和引用各种统计数据,作者试图说服人们乘坐火车依然是安全的.故选D.
60.C.推理判断题.主要根据:第四、五段;第六段中"I prefer rear facing so that in most cases you are pushed back into the seat in the event of an emergency braking application,";第七段In general,aisle seats are safer than window seats,where a passenger is more likely to come in contact with broken glass or be thrown out of the train可以推出坐在火车中部车厢、靠近过道的座位上、面朝火车后方最安全.故选C.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.
Three-year-old Alida Knobloch and her 60-pound golden dog,Mr.Gibbs,are almost inseparable.They are (41)Dby a special link of love and,because of (42)Arare lung disease,by a two-foot tube that delivers(43)A from tanks on the dog's back to Alida's nose.(44)Cat eight months old with the disease called NEHI,Alida,who lives inGeorgia,is (45)Cto breathe normally on her own for more than 45minutes.So Mr.Gibbs (46)Bher almost everywhere,carrying ten pounds of (47)D,including an oxygen tank.
Young children normally don't have the (48)Cto control a service dog,but Mr.Gibbs and Alida,along with her(49)A,have worked closely with dog trainer Ashleigh Kinsleigh to develop the(50)Brelationship between the girl and the dog.
"His job is to do(51)Dshe does,"says Kinsleigh.So far,Mr.Gibbs has learned to jog (52)DAlida's bike,follow her as she plays around the family home,and park himself below her high(53)Cwhile she eats.
"We're(54)Athat by the time Alida starts kindergarten,Mr.Gibbs will be able to go with her,"says her father.
Childhood (55)Bexperts have told the Knoblochs that children can grow out of the necessity for additional oxygen,but Alida will probably always(56)D some kind of oxygen assistance.Now the Knoblochs can't(57)C a time the two companions won't be(58)B.Mr.Gibbs seems to need Alida as much as she needs him,says Aaron."The dog is upset if he and Alida are (59)Aeven for a moment."
For young Alida Knobloch,the dog Mr.Gibbs is a true (60)B.
41.A.touched | B.encouraged | C.limited | D.connected |
42.A.Alida's | B.the dog's | C.her father's | D.her mother's |
43.A.oxygen | B.water | C.food | D.medicine |
44.A.Charged | B.Suffered | C.Diagnosed | D.Treated |
45.A.eager | B.willing | C.unable | D.difficult |
46.A.carries | B.accompanies | C.guides | D.entertains |
47.A.toys | B.snacks | C.drink | D.equipment |
48.A.desire | B.emotion | C.skill | D.qualification |
49.A.parents | B.teachers | C.friends | D.pets |
50.A.strange | B.special | C.tense | D.ridiculous |
51.A.wherever | B.however | C.whenever | D.whatever |
52.A.on | B.off | C.over | D.alongside |
53.A.bike | B.bed | C.chair | D.cupboard |
54.A.hoping | B.suggesting | C.warning | D.discussing |
55.A.education | B.disease | C.sport | D.nutrition |
56.A.refuse | B.carry | C.offer | D.need |
57.A.spend | B.await | C.imagine | D.escape |
58.A.face-to-face | B.side-by-side | C.hand-in-hand | D.Heart-to-heart |
59.A.apart | B.together | C.absent | D.present |
60.A.teacher | B.lifesaver | C.trainer | D.pet. |
B.He knew his parents couldn't afford such a boat.And Grandpa had no chance of giving him such a gift(37)A his pension was small.Grandpa felt the boy's(38)D.He looked around until his eyes (39)C on a bench next to a big pine tree.
Then,Grandpa led the boy to the bench and sat down."Grandpa,I want a(40)A like that,"the boy said."I know,"grandpa patted the boy on the shoulder.
Some time later,Grandpa(41)C a big piece of pine bark fallen from the tree,some sticks and grass.Grandson looked(42)D at what he was doing.To the boy's surprise,Grandpa made him a big bark ship with a beautiful white(43)A made of a handkerchief.
"Now,let's see how it(44)B!"Grandpa gave the ship to the boy.The boy(45)
A the boat carefully into the water.A remote-controlled boat went by,(46)
Dwaves and splashing their boat wet."Oh,no!"the boy cried.
Out of nowhere came a breeze and the sail(47)A the wind.First slowly,then faster the boat braved the water.The wind(48)C the boat around the pond.And finally it drove the boat back to them.The boy took the boat out of the water with eyes full of(49)A.
"Look at the(50)D boats,"Grandpa said."They are great,but you saw (51)Ctwo of them ran out of batteries.Our boat is remote-controlled by a source that will never be(52)B."
"By what?"The boy asked.
"It is controlled by(53)A Humans run out of energies when trying to control everything.But when we(54)C our need to control and let nature(55)Dour boat,it's a journey and a wonder to look at."The boy nodded,leaving the pond with grandpa,with the bark ship carefully in his arms.
36.A.worried | B.disappointed | C.puzzled | D.strange |
37.A.because | B.when | C.if | D.though |
38.A.excitement | B.surprise | C.anger | D.envy |
39.A.got | B.put | C.fell | D.came |
40.A.boat | B.control | C.childhood | D.race |
41.A.found out | B.made out | C.picked up | D.put up |
42.A.painfully | B.nervously | C.amusingly | D.curiously |
43.A.sail | B.oar | C.bow | D.shell |
44.A.swims | B.floats | C.slides | D.dips |
45.A.lowered | B.turned | C.threw | D.rolled |
46.A.collecting | B.drawing | C.becoming | D.raising |
47.A.caught | B.borrowed | C.kept | D.stopped |
48.A.showed | B.ran | C.carried | D.walked |
49.A.joy | B.tears | C.achievement | D.questions |
50.A.artificial | B.real | C.perfect | D.expensive |
51.A.when | B.why | C.how | D.where |
52.A.given out | B.used up | C.sold out | D.burned up |
53.A.nature | B.heart | C.water | D.energy |
54.A.lack | B.understand | C.abandon | D.meet |
55.A.serve | B.order | C.assist | D.guide |
A. | in all | B. | in hand | C. | in vain | D. | in general |