题目内容

16．
Did you know the meaning of a word may change over time？Many English words we know now had different meanings a long time ago．One example is the word nice．Around the year l 300，nice was first used in English to mean"stupid"．Two hundred years later，nice began to carry a"better"meaning．If people said a book was written nicely，they meant the book was written"clearly"or"carefully"，not"stupidly"．After l800，nice began to take its meaning like"kind"or"friendly"．Since then，people have thought of nice as a word with good meanings．
A good change of a word's meaning like this example of nice is called AMELIORATION．Though we don't use nice to mean"stupid"any more，it is fun to know how much a word's meaning can change from its start!
*For more examples of AMELIORATION，see next page．

46.1300years ago，a"nice person"was believed to beC．
A．careful    B．friendly    C．foolish  D．clever
47．What is the second paragraph mainly about？D
A．What nice used to mean．
B．Why the meaning of nice changed．
C．How long nice has been used？
D．How the meaning of nice changed over time．
48．AMELIORATION means a word's meaningB
A．can change from its start
B．changes from bad to good
C．changes from good to bad
D．remains the same over a long time
49．Which of the following is most likely to appear on the  next page？A
A．The word terrific used to mean"terrible"，but now it means"excellent"．
B．The word silly used to mean"happy"，but now it means"stupid"．
C．You may wonder why a word's meaning changes over time．
D．Besides AMELl0RATION，a word's meaning may change in other ways．

分析 这篇文章来自网络，介绍了nice的意义经历的年代变迁，那时nice的意义为foolish．

解答 CDBA 46．C 细节理解题．根据时间状语1300年左右，找到第二段第一句话，可知那时nice的意义为foolish．
47．D 段落大意题．短文第二段的主旨是陈述单词nice的意义经历的年代变迁．故选D．
48．B 细节理解题．短文第三段第一句话A good change of a word's meaning…说明画线单词的意义是从贬义向褒义转化．故选B，changes from bad to good．
49．A 综合判断题．由短文最后For more examples of AMELIORATION，"要了解更多从贬义转换到褒义的单词例子"，可以推断下页的内容．四个答案中只有A选项体现了这种变化．

点评 阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．

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54．If a 25-year-old man becomes general manager of a big firm，the writer of the text would most probably consider itA．
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D．To compare the childhood lives of two generations．
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B．Some games that young people play today aren't really good．
C．Computer and video games have replaced the board games．
D．Board games are much more interesting than computer games．
63．The writer's attitude towards the childhood changing isB．
A．approving        B．objective         C．unconcerned    D．optimistic．
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A．snow is actually white                
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C．the reflection of light makes it look white 
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B．Snow turns into water and waters them．
C．Snow makes them keep moving．
D．Snow contains air which has trouble moving．
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D．Snow is the cause of the deaths of many people．
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A．the fingerprint punch-in clocks are widely used
B．some college students have poor memories
C．students cannot skip morning running any more
D．the problem of students skipping sports is serious
56．According to Cheng Jie，college studentsB．
A．love sports more than anything else
B．prefer Internet games to sports
C．enjoy sleeping late in the morning
D．are too busy with study to do any sports
57．Professor Jin thinks thatA．
A．sports play an important role in students'over-round development
B．the most important goal for students to do sports is to keep healthy
C．universities should take tough measures in student management
D．the spirit of responsibility can be developed in more than one way
58．The best title of the passage would beC．
A．Morning running at colleges   B．A new college life
C．Sports losing attraction      D．P．E．class at colleges．
1．Nobody knows who first invented it，but the umbrella was used in very ancient times．Probably the first to use it were the Chinese，back in the eleventh century B．C．To use it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains．But actually the umbrella was not invented as protection against rain．It was first used as a shade against the sun．
We know it was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade．And there was a strange thing connected with its use； it became a symbol of honor and authority．In the Far East in ancient times，the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royal people or by those in high office．
In Europe，the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade．And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece．But it is believed that the first persons in Europe to use the umbrellas as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans．
During the Middle Ages，the use of the umbrella practically disappeared．Then it appeared again in Italy in the late 16th century．And again it became a symbol of power and  authority．By 1680，the umbrella appeared in France，and later on in England．
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67．Which of the following statements is not true about the umbrella？C
A．No one exactly knows who was the inventor of the umbrella．
B．The umbrella was first invented to be used as protection against the sun．
C．The umbrella changed much in style in the eighteenth century．
D．In Europe，the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella．
68．The underlined word"authority"meansC．
A．being popular     B．being useful
C．being powerful    D．being enjoyable
69．In Europe，the umbrella was first used against the rainB．
A．in Rome         B．by the eighteen century
C．in Greece       D．during the Middle Ages
70．This passage talks mainly aboutD．
A．when and how the umbrella was invented
B．why the umbrella was so popular in Europe
C．the development of the umbrella
D．the history and use of the umbrella．
8．There are three different kinds of friends in our life．I classify them according to how well I know them and how well they know me．
The first type of friend is just an acquaintance（泛泛之交）．This means that you only know their names．You might not even remember what they look like if you go away for a short vacation．You don't miss them when they are elsewhere．It is also this type of friend who gives you the most amount of aggravation （恼怒）．Since most of the time you are placed in a position where you have to act friendly，you would not normally tell an acquaintance when he or she is doing something that makes you feel angry，such as tapping the fingers on a table or shouting loudly．I call them"pest friends"．
The second kind of friend is a"guest friend"．They are just social partners．You meet them at a certain location and at the end of the meeting you go your separate way and they go theirs．You don't talk too often with this sort of friend，and you don't share each other's secrets．
Lastly，we have"best friends"．This sort of friend is there when you need them．They know you as a person and they are there through thick and thin．Best friends are the ones that you can lean and depend on no matter what happens．If you need a listening ear，they will be the one to lend support．
Friends come in all different shapes and sizes．Every friend has an effect on our life…

31．What is this passage mainly about？B
A．What a true friend is like．
B．Three kinds of friends in our life．
C．The role that friends play in our life．
D．Why there are different kinds of friends．
32．According to the writer of the passage，when a friend of the first type acts in an annoying way，youA．
A．may find it hard to tell him or her not to do so
B．should stay away from him or her
C．can tell him or her about it directly
D．should advise him or her to correct his or her behavior
33．Which of the following statements is WRONG about the second type of friend？C
A．They are only social partners．
B．You don't talk very often with them．
C．They are called"pest friends"by the writer．
D．You don't share your secrets with them．
34．If someone is with you through thick and thin，it meansD．
A．he or she is your best friend for sure
B．he or she agrees with whatever you say
C．you spend most of your time together
D．he or she is with you even when there are difficulties
35．What will most probably be talked about in Paragraph 5？A
A．How to make friends．
B．How to improve friendship．
C．How friends influence our life．
D．How to get along well with the third type of friend．
5．Making greener choices and encouraging healthy lifestyles can promote your health and benefit the environment．Here are some guidelines to follow：
Choose foods thoughtfully
Americans have never had such a variety or abundance of food to choose from．Besides so many choices，we now hear about our"food print"，the amount of land needed to supply one person's nutritional needs for a year．Do we buy cherry tomatoes from Mexico or tomatoes grown locally in a hothouse？Do．we get the Granny Smiths from the fanners'market or the supermarket？Is organic produce healthier for us and the planet？
These are very complex issues that require analysis of many criteria，including the energy used in producing and transporting the food，as well as the type of soil and methods of raising the food．
Despite the complexities，there are some general guidelines you can follow．For instance，eat less meat or eat low on the food chain．Your doctor may have recommended you to restrict your consume red meat because of its too much fat content．Beyond th at，there are environmental reasons，too．Raise food animals contributes substantially to climate change because a meat-based diet requires more land，energy and water than a plant-based one．
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1．In Paragraph 2 the author puts forward three questions mainlyD．
A．to prove Americans have less food to choose from
B．to show us the shopping habits of most Americans
C．to indicate Americans tend to buy food from abroad
D．to remind people to reconsider their food purchase
2．The doctor recommends eating less red meat partly becauseA．
A．it contains too much fat           
B．it costs a lot in transportation
C．it is too low on the food chain         
D．it isn't related to climate change
3．According to the text，which of the following is true？C
A．Americans all prefer to buy cherry tomatoes from Mexico．
B．The plant-based diet is responsible for the climate change．
C．Americans have a variety of food to choose from．
D．Organic produce is the only choice for Americans．
4．Based on the last paragraph，we know thatB．
A．bottled water is cleaner than tap water
B．tap water is economical as well as eco-friendly
C．bottled water is more available than tap water
D．tap water uses one-third the cost of bottled water
5．What is the best subtitle for the last paragraph？A
A．Skip bottled water，carry tap      
B．Drink bottled water
C．Produce plastic water bottles       
D．Save water resources．
6．-Where does your little daughter want to go during her holiday？
-She is always looking forward to _____ to the Wu Yi Mountain．（　　）
A．takeB．takingC．being takenD．be taken

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