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My English teacher recommended me to take a part in an English speech competition. But I doubt that I have the ability to win. As is known to all my classmates that I can speak English as if he were a native speaker. However, I dare not voice my opinions, especial in public. My best friend Lily has been encouraged me to accept the challenge. On her opinion, whether I can win the competition or not doesn¡¯t matter as long I try my best. Encouraged by her, I have decided to having a try, challenging myself. I must conquer my shy. Wish myself good luck.

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Think about the different ways that people use the wind. You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources, as well as one of the oldest. Evidence shows that windmills(·ç³µ) began to be used in ancient Iran back in the 7th century BC. They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power.

For many centuries, people used windmills to grind(Ä¥Ëé) wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground. When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote(Æ«Ô¶µÄ) areas began to use them to produce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio. However, by the 1940s when electricity was available(¿ÉÀûÓõÄ) to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were seldom used.

During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever. Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs. Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.

1.From the text we know that windmills__________.

A. were invented by European armies

B. used to supply power to radio in remote areas

C. have a history of more than 2,800 years

D. have rarely been used since electricity was discovered

2.What was a new use for wind power in the late 19th century?

A. Producing electricity. B. Sailing a boat.

C. Grinding wheat into flour. D. Pumping water from ground.

3.One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that______.

A. the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs

B. it is one of the oldest power sources

C. it was cheaper to create energy from wind

D. wind power is cleaner

4.The passage is mainly about______________.

A. the global pollution from burning coal and gas

B. the worldwide movement to save energy

C. the history of using wind power

D. the advantages of windmills

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¡°After the completion of Shenzhou?9 mission, we will prepare for the next. We will be ready for the selection of our motherland, to make new contributions to China's manned space program.¡±

¡°I think during our lifetime, we need to set for us one dream after another and one goal after another, and to try our best towards the set objective(Ä¿±ê)£®¡±

¡°The Olympic Games is held every four years. I conducted my first space mission(ÈÎÎñ) in 2008, and then again second in 2012, and now, another four years has just passed. I think I need to learn from Chinese Olympic shooter Wang Yifu, who has participated in nine Olympic Games. I still have a long way to go.¡±

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¡°Old wives¡¯ tales¡± are beliefs passed down from one generation to another. For example,most of us remember our parents¡¯ telling us to eat more of certain foods or not to do certain things. Is there any truth in these teachings? Some of them agree with present medical thinking,but others have not passed the test of time.

Did your mother ever tell you to eat your carrots because they are good for your eyes? Scientists now report that eating carrots can help prevent a serious eye disease called macular degeneration. Eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this disease by 40%. Garlic is good for you,too. It can kill the type of virus that causes colds.

Unfortunately, not all of Mom¡¯s advice passed the test of medical studies. For example, generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating. But research suggests that there is no danger in doing so. Do sweets cause tooth problems?Well, yes and no. Sticky sweets made with grains(¹ÈÎï) tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.

Even though science can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs don¡¯t hold_water,_there is still a lot of truth in the old wives¡¯ tales. After all, much of this knowledge has been accumulated (»ýÀÛ) from thousands of years of experience in family health care. We should respect this body of knowledge even as we search for clear scientific support to prove it true or false.

1.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A. Sticky sweets are damaging to our teeth.

B. Eating garlic is good for our eyes.

C. Swimming after a meal is dangerous.

D. Carrots prevent people from catching colds.

2.The author develops the third paragraph mainly________.

A. by cause and effect

B. by order in space

C. by examples

D. by order in time

3.The phrase¡° hold water¡± in the last paragraph most probably means¡°________¡±.

A. to be valuable

B. to be believable

C. to be admirable

D. to be suitable

4.What is the author¡¯s attitude towards¡°old wives¡¯ tales¡±in the text?

A. Subjective(Ö÷¹ÛµÄ).

B. Objective(¿Í¹ÛµÄ).

C. Dissatisfied.

D. Curious.

That children are the hopes of our tomorrow is statement that is repeated time and again. And it is an axiom(¸ñÑÔ); they are our pillars of the coming time. But then do we train them into becoming healthy human beings?

Healthy human beings here are not meant the physical well being, but the good human being, that is, one with virtues and values keeps them in the state of working towards the benefit of humanity.

How can children absorb within themselves the virtues and values? Well, this is the primary responsibility of parents and other immediate family members, followed by school authorities. The values and virtues of an individual is sown in their childhood and as they grow up.

Depending on the way we bring up our children, we decide our own future. It is vital that in the formative years we give them quality time and attention. We teach them to discriminate between the good, bad and the ugly. We have to teach them use positive emotive like love and compassion and teach them actions of kindness and generosity. At the same time we have to help them do away with the negatives of hatred, anger, jealousy, selfishness, etc.

Your child is like a plant. You sow the seeds and also reap the benefits of its growth and development. First and foremost you as a parent have to realize your responsibility in nurturing a child to grow into a good human being. And it is just not up to anyone of the parents, but both together to inculcate(×»×»½Ì»å)the values and virtues into your child.

1.What should a good human being have?

A. A good physical state B. A good virtue or value

C. A good career in society D. A powerful relationship net

2.What sense is the most important for kids to learn?

A. Safety sense B. Lifestyle sense

C. Transportation sense D. Responsibility sense

3.Whom is the passage most probably written for?

A. Family parents B. Child experts

C. Health researchers D. Primary school teachers

4.What does the passage mainly want to tell us?

A. Children are parents¡¯ hope

B. Educating children is a tough thing

C. Parents take responsibilities for educating children

D. Parents have trouble in educating children

The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and for the environment. Those findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.

David Tilman is a professor at the University of Minnesota. In the study, he examined information from 100 nations to show what people ate and how diet affected health. Mr. Tilman noted a movement beginning in the 1960s. He found that as nations industrialized(¹¤Òµ»¯), population increased and earnings rose. More people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet. The Western diet is high in sugar, fat, oil and meat. By eating these foods, people began to get fatter and sicker.

¡°The food, let us say, in the 15 richest nations of the world, right now contains about 400 or 500 extra calories(ÈÈÁ¿) a day that are eaten beyond what people need, and that leads people to gain weight.¡±

David Tillman says overweight people are at greater risk for diseases like diabetes, heart disease and some cancers. Diabetes is shooting to very high rates in the United States and across Europe. Heart disease is a major cause of death in the Western nations. Unfortunately when people become industrialized, if they adopt this Western diet, they are going to have these same health problems.

A diet bad for human beings, it seems, is also bad for the environment. As the world¡¯s population grows, experts say more forests and areas will become farmland for crops or grasslands for raising cattle. These areas will be needed to meet the increasing demand for food.

Mr. Tilman calls the link between diet, the environment and human health, ¡°a dilemma¡±, a situation where it is very difficult to decide what to do. He says one possible solution is leaving the Western diet behind.

1.Why did people get fatter in the 1960s?

A. They ate foods high in calories.

B. They adopted a western lifestyle.

C. They set aside little time for exercise.

D. They had a better life and became lazier.

2.According to the text, overweight people may suffer the following diseases EXCEPT_______.

A. diabetes B. skin disease

C. cancers D. heart disease

3.What can we infer from Paragraph 5?

A. There will be fewer and fewer forests.

B. People won¡¯t care about the environment.

C. The world¡¯s population will grow faster than ever.

D. Raising cattle will be the most moneymaking business.

4.What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?

A. To tell people effective ways to keep healthy.

B. To call on people to give up the Western diet.

C. To show the problems industrialized nations are facing.

D. To draw people¡¯s attention to environmental protection.

The Bystander (ÅÔ¹ÛÕß) Effect

When an emergency situation occurs, observers are more likely to take action if there are few or no other witnesses. 1.

The bystander effect is also called the Genovese effect, which is named after Catherine ¡°Kitty¡± Genovese, a young woman who was cruelly murdered on March 13, 1964. Early in the morning, 28-year-old Genovese was returning home from work. As she approached her apartment entrance, she was attacked and stabbed (´Ì) by a man later identified as Winston Moseley. Despite Genovese's repeated cries for help, 2. The attack first began at 3:20, but it was not until 3:50 that someone first contacted police£®

Many psychologists were set thinking by the incident, as well as most Americans. As the conclusion, the bystander effect came out and later proved by a series of studies and experiments.

There are two major factors that contribute to the bystander effect. 3. Because there are other observers, individuals do not feel as much pressure to take action, since the responsibility to take action is thought to be shared among all of those present. The second reason is the need to behave in correct and socially acceptable ways. When other observers fail to react, individuals often take this as a signal that a response is not needed or not appropriate.

4. In the case of Kitty Genovese, many of the 38 witnesses reported that they believed that they were witnessing a "lovers' quarrel", and 5..

A. They hesitate and assess the risk of getting hurt

B. This phenomenon is referred to as the bystander effect.

C. Other researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to take action if the situation is unclear.

D. First, the presence of other people creates a division of responsibility.

E. they did not realize that the young woman was actually being murdered.

F. none of the people in the nearby apartment building who heard her cries called police for help.

G. the attacker didn¡¯t stop stabbing her.

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