Question

I.阅读理解[2015 •黑龙江绥化三校高三联考]

   Culture helps human societies survive in changing natural environment. For example, the end of the last Ice Age, be?ginning about 15，000 years ago, brought a big challenge to which humans had to adapt. Before this time, large parts of the northern hemisphere were covered in great sheets of ice that contained much of the earth's water. In North America, large animals that wandered the vast tundra (笞原)provided people with food and materials for clothing and simple shel?ters. When the earth became warm, large Ice Age animals disappeared, and many land areas were covered by the rising sea level from melting ice. But people survived. They devel?oped new technologies and learned how to survive on new plant and animal species. Finally some people settled into permanent villages, durable houses and farms.

Cultural adaptation has made humans one of the most successful species on the planet. Through history, major de?velopments in technology, medicine, and nutrition have al?lowed people to reproduce and survive in ever-increasing num?bers. The global population has risen from 8 million during the Ice Age to about 6 billion today.

However, the success of cultural adaptation can also cre?ate problems in the long run. Over the last 200 years, people have begun to use large quantities of natural resources and en?ergy and to produce a great amount of material and chemical wastes. The global population now consumes some important natural resources—such as petroleum, wood, and minerals― faster than nature can produce them. Many scientists believe that in the process of burning fuels and producing wastes, people may be changing the global climate in unpredictable and possibly harmful ways. Thus, the adaptive success of the present-day global culture of production and trade may be temporary.

1. What is the first paragraph mainly talking about?

 A.     How the human beings survived in the Ice Age.

B.     What the situation was like during the Ice Age.

C.     What caused the Ice Age to come to an end.

D.     Why the Ice Age was very important.

2.To  deal  with  the  problems,   human  beings should ________ according to the passage.

 A.     stop developing any longer

B.     reduce the overuse of natural resources

C.     stop the global warming and using natural resources

D.     save more animals in case they all die out

 3.Which of the following is the problem caused by cultural adaptation according to the passage?

 A.     A very developed culture came into being.

B.     New technologies have been developed.

C.     Natural resources have been used up.

D.     Human activities have done damage to the balance of nature.

4.Which of the following can be the best title of the pas?sage?

 A.     Natural environment should be protected

B.     The success of cultural adaptation is not permanent

C.     The global population is increasing since Ice Age

D.     Human beings are capable of surviving on the earth

Answer 1

I.阅读理解

[文章大意]本文是一篇科普环保类文章，主要讲了人类的适应能力很强，这使得人类在冰川时代以后活了下来。但是人类现在也面临着过度使用资源的问题，长此以往，后果不堪设想。

1.A段落大意题。第一段主要讲了人类是如何在冰川时代之后活下来的。故选A项。

2. B推理判断题。文章第段主要讲了人类过度使用S然资源并制造了大量垃圾，长此以往可能会改变整个气候。由此可以推测，为了解决这个问题，人们应当减少过度使用自然资源。故选B项。

3. D推理判断题。文章第三段主要讲了人类过度使用自然资源带来了一系列问题，故D选项符合文章描述。A、B项文章没有提及；C项根据常理判断是错误的。

4.B主旨大意题。文章最后一段讲了如果人类继续这样过度消耗自然资源的话，人类的居住环境会面临灾难。故B项"人类适应环境的成功不是永久的"，符合文章大意。故选B项。