题目内容

1.None of our early ancestors could digest milk as adults because their bodies never had to----milk drinking simply wasn't an option.As people began to extract milk from animals,though,some people developed the ability to keep drinking it throughout their lives.
Scientists now know of a milk-related mutation ( 变异) in our genes--the chemical instructions for life that we carry in almost every cell in our bodies.People who have a mutated form of one particular gene can drink milk just fine.People without the mutation tend to get sick from milk.
To figure out where,and possibly why,milk drinking started,some scientists have been looking at who has the milk-digesting mutation today.Patterns are striking.
Most adults in Northern and Central Europe are able to digest milk--and they do.Cheese and butter and other dairy products are popular in countries such as Sweden,Denmark,Germany and England.Because European settlers dominated North America,most people here can handle milk just fine,as well.That may explain why ice cream is such a popular dessert in the United States.
In much of Africa,Asia and South America,on the other hand,people tend to avoid dairy products because they lead to diarrhea (腹泻) and other stomach problems.(That's why you won't typically find cheese on the menu at a Chinese,Japanese or Ethiopian restaurant.) Native
Americans are also unable to digest milk.
Based on these genetic patterns,scientists have long thought that-milk drinking started inNorthern Europe,where dairy is an institution and the milk-digesting mutation is everywhere.
A recent study painted a different picture.With a computer medal,Thomas and colleagues looked at the spread of the milk-drinking mutation,farming and other related factor.Working backward,the scientists concluded that the first milk-thinkers lived in Central Europe around what's now Hungary about 7,500years ago.The practice didn't start farther north,as scientists had thought before.

66.Which of the following is the proper order of events according to the passage?C
a.Their children were able to digest milk as adults.
b.They got sick from the milk.
c.Some people got a mutation in their genes.
d.Some people tried drinking milk from animals.
e.Some people started to drink milk from animals on a regular basis.
A.c→d→b→e→a     B.d→e→b→c→a    C.d→b→e→c→a     D.e→d→b→c→a
67.Most people in the USA can digest milk becauseB.
A.they have strong stomachs                  B.their ancestors were Europeans
C.that's where milk drinking stinted        D.farmers raise a lot of cows there
68.Which of the following is LEAST likely to appear on the menu in a Japanese restaurant?A
A.Butter.        B.Vinegar.
C.Fish.          D.Beef.
69.Which of the following is the author most likely to agree with?B
A.Milk drinking first started in Northern Europe.
B.Milk drinking first started in Central Europe.
C.North American Indians were able to digest milk.
D.Dairy products are very popular in North Korea.
70.The main focus of the scientists'research wasD.
A.mutation of human genes                B.development of the human stomach
C.why milk drinking started              D.where milk drinking first started.

分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了最先开始喝牛奶的地方,事实上牛奶并不是一开始就能喝的,也有一个发展过程.

解答 66.C.细节理解题.通读全文,可知事件发生的顺序是有些人试着从动物身上喝牛奶,他们从牛奶中生病了,有些人开始定期喝动物的奶,有些人的基因突变,他们的孩子能像成年人一样消化牛奶;故选C.
67.B.推理判断题.根据第四段:Most adults in Northern and Central Europe are able to digest milk--and they do可知大多数美国人能消化牛奶,因为他们的祖先是欧洲人;故选B.
68.A.细节理解题.根据倒数第四段:That's why you won't typically find cheese on the menu at a Chinese,Japanese or Ethiopian restaurant可知黄油最不可能出现在日本餐厅的菜单上;故选A.
69.B.推理判断题.根据第四段:Cheese and butter and other dairy products are popular in countries such as Sweden,Denmark,Germany and England.Because European settlers dominated North America,most people here can handle milk just fine可知牛奶饮用首先在中欧开始;故选B.
70.D.主旨大意题.通读全文,可知文章主要讲了最先开始喝牛奶的地方,事实上牛奶并不是一开始就能喝的,也有一个发展过程;故选D.

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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11.Eco City Farms(生态城市农场) are becoming more popular in cities and towns around the Unites States.
Eco City Farms in Edmonton,Maryland,is located near shopping centers,car repair shops and homes.The neighborhood is a working-class community(社区).People do not have very much money.And they have limited access to fresh food in markets.
Over the past two years,the farm has attracted volunteers from the community like Marcy Clark.She schools her four children at home.On a recent day she brought them to Eco City Farms for a lesson.Her son Alston Clark thinks his experience is very valuable."I like coming out here,"he says,"You know,you connect with the earth,where your food comes from.You appreciate the food a little bit more."
Margaret Morgan started Eco City Farms.She thinks of it as a place where people can learn to live healthier lives."Growing food in a community brings people together,"she continues,"Every piece of what we do here is a demonstration(示范) to show people everything about how to have an eco-friendly community."she says.From the Eco City Farms people come to know that they are not only growing food and raising chickens and bees,but improving the soil with compost(肥料)made from food waste.
Eco City Farms is an experimental operation.The farm gets its power not from the local electricity networks,but from the sun with solar panels.In winter,the green house uses a geothermal(地热)system.
Vegetables can be grown all year.So once a week,all winter long,neighbors like Chris Moss and her three children bike to the farm to pick up a share of the harvest.
"I like eating the vegetables",says five-year-old Owen Moss.

46.What is mainly talked about in the passage?A
A.Eco City Farms are gaining popularity.
B.Eco City Farms save a lot of energy.
C.Eco City Farms are influencing community life.
D.Eco City Farms helps the working-class live better.
47.According to the passage,Eco City Farms are close to the following places EXCEPTD.
A.shopping centers
B.car repair shops
C.working-class community
D.fast-food restaurants
48.In which column(专栏) of a newspaper can you most probably read this article?
C
A.People.
B.Travel.
C.Environment.
D.Education.
12.A single night of taking the drug Ecstasy (摇头丸) can cause serious brain damage and speed up the start of Parkinson's disease,scientists say.Just two or three Ecstasy tablets can permanently destroy brain cells that affect movement and reasoning,according to American research that links the drug to Parkinson's for the first time.
A study by a team at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore,Maryland,involving squirrel monkeys and baboons (狒狒) found that both species suffered permanent damage to key cells,which are lost in Parkinson's,after receiving three low doses(剂量)of Ecstasy at three-hour periods.
The study is particularly important because baboons are one of the best animal models for the human brain.George Ricaurte,who led the research,said that the widespread abuse of drug might have caused severe damage."The most troubling result is that young adults using Ecstasy may be increasing their risk of developing Parkinsonism as they get older."
Alan Leshner,a former director of the US National Institute on Drug Abuse,said,"This study emphasizes the multi-aspect damage that Ecstasy causes to users.We've long known that repeated use damages brain cells.But this study shows that even very occasional use can have long-lasting effects on many different brain systems.It sends an important message to young people:don't experiment with your own brain."
Janet Betts,a mother whose teenage daughter Leah died after a single Ecstasy tablet in 1995,said,"This comes as no surprise.But people can't see the effects at first,and they say it won't happen to them.We'll see the symptoms later,just as we have with smoking."

63.The article is intended toB.
A.explain the bad effects of drugs on people's health
B.warn young people of the risk of taking the drug Ecstasy
C.persuade people out of such bad habits as smoking and using drugs
D.tell us the links between the drug Ecstasy and Parkinson's disease
64.We know from the passage that a low dose of EcstasyB.
A.won't cause serious brain damage
B.can permanently destroy one's brain cells
C.will result in immediate symptoms
D.may bring on Parkinson's at once
65.Why are squirrel monkeys and baboons involved in the experiments?A
A.Because their brain is similar to human being's.
B.Because these animals usually take drugs.
C.Because these animals will soon get well after the experiment.
D.Because there is a model in the animals'brains.
66.The underlined word"This"in the last paragraph probably means thatC.
A.Leah died after a single Ecstasy tablet in 1995
B.taking drug has the same symptoms as smoking
C.occasional use of the drug can have long-lasting effects on the brain systems
D.people have long known that repeated use of the drug damages brain cells.
9.Laws that would have ensured pupils from five to 16 received a full financial education got lost in the‘wash up'.An application is calling on the next government to bring it back.
At school the children are taught to add up and subtract(减法) but,extraordinarily,are not routinely shown how to open a bank account-let alone how to manage their finances in an increasingly complex and demanding world.
Today the parenting website Mumsnet and the consumer campaigner Martin Lewis have joined forces to launch an online application to make financial education a compulsory element of the school curriculum in England.Children from five to 16 should be taught about everything from pocket money to pensions,they say.And that was exactly the plan preserved in the Children,Schools and Families bill that was shelved by the government in the so-called"wash-up"earlier this month-the rush to legislation before parliament was dismissed.Consumer and parent groups believe financial education has always been one of the most frustrating omissions of the curriculum.
As the Personal Finance Education Group (Pfeg) points out,the good habits of young children do not last long.Over 75% of seven-to 11-year-olds are savers but by the time they get to 17,over half of them are in debt to family and friends.By this age,26% see a credit card or overdraft(透支) as a way of extending their spending power.Pfeg predicts that these young people will"find it much harder to avoid the serious unexpected dangers that have befallen many of their parents'generation unless they receive good quality financial education while at school."
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D.teaching students how to study effectively
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D.laws on financial education have been effectively carried out
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C.parents are willing to pay the debt for their kids
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65.A poll is mentioned toA.
A.stress the necessity of the curriculum reform
B.show the seriousness of the financial recession
C.make the readers aware of burden of the parents
D.illustrate some people are strongly against the proposal.
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The letters,sent to a late Baptist clergyman (牧师),were(2)Cput in a sealed plastic shopping bag near a(3)Din Atlantic,New Jersey.
Bill Lacovara,an insurance adjuster from Ventnor,New Jersey,said he got the bag while on a fishing trip last week.
The letters were(4)Cto the clergyman,who died in 2004.Someone cleaning his house may have(5)Bthe bag,which Lacovara found about 100 miles (160km) from Cooper's house.
They include one from a teenage girl asking God to(6)Aher for her wrongdoing,one from a prisoner who said he was(7)Cand someone had set a trap for him,and(8)Dfrom a man who wanted God's help winning the lottery,according to media reports.
Lavovara said he could have(9)Athem on eBay for up to $15,000(7,889 pounds) according to his prediction of the compete price and would have given the money to charity.But he has changed his mind because he said the move caused(10)Bto some religious people.
"They said they were(11)Din me,and I didn't want to do something that's going to create(12)Dresults."he told Reuters.
Some(13)Bhim to burn the letters,throw them back in the ocean or give them to a church,Lacovara said.
Lacovara said about a dozen clergymen have offered to take the letters,and he is evaluating the(14)Ato make sure the letters don't fall into the(15)Ahands.
1.A.donateB.showC.sellD.owe
2.A.hurriedlyB.privatelyC.mysteriouslyD.occasionally
3.A.riverB.lakeC.hillD.beach
4.A.takenB.offeredC.addressedD.given
5.A.collectedB.thrownC.openedD.destroyed
6.A.forgiveB.punishC.adjustD.charge
7.A.friendlyB.correctC.innocentD.energetic
8.A.othersB.anotherC.the otherD.one
9.A.auctionedB.boughtC.donatedD.discounted
10.A.damageB.offenceC.injuryD.worry
11.A.absorbedB.involvedC.interestedD.disappointed
12.A.finalB.directC.sameD.bad
13.A.forcedB.urgedC.questionedD.pleased
14.A.requestsB.ordersC.commandsD.invitations
15.A.wrongB.poorC.tightD.firm
6."A survey was conducted in Shanghai where interviewees were asked if they wanted to be a factory worker.One percent of all people interviewed said"YES,"Wang Hongjun,a technician,said,raising his voice for dramatic effect."But I can tell you,only a small part of that 1percent are telling the truth."
I've met colorful people like Wang all over China.They are cynical (玩世不恭的) yet warmhearted,plain spoken but smart.And many of them are confined (局限于) to work in factories.
Wang is a top technician but also represents manual factory workers,who are China's most important natural resource.Their energy is powering China's economic boom,and their muscle is turning the wheel of the world's factory.
But does their unskilled labor give their life meaning?At school,did they tell their friends:"When I grow up I want to work in a factory making socks?"Did you?
Factory work has always been a stepping-stone from farm life to the city and a modern life.It's been happening for centuries,but today,with our space-age technology,it's outdated.Earning 1,200yuan ($169)per month working in a factory is better than that on a farm,but as Wang points out,it's not a dream career.There should be better ways to earn your rice.
Many modern factories no longer have production line workers.Robots do the assembly (装配).People just do the monitoring.In this age of technology,in which China is now working smarter and not just harder,why are people still standing in production lines?
But life is cheap in China.So why not continue to exploit the low-cost labor situation and keep the economy growing fast,some entrepreneurs may ask.
But have these businessmen ever labored in a factory?

61.How many people surveyed really like to be factory workers?C
A.One percent                               B.Only a small part
C.Only a small part of that one percent     D.The writer didn't mention it.
62.Which is NOT the writer's opinion of factory workers?B
A.cynical             B.unimportant
C.warmhearted         D.plain spoken
63.Wang Hongjun is a person who isC.
A.difficult to get along with
B.humorous but serious
C.cynical but warmhearted,plain spoken but smart
D.full of energy but doesn't want to work hard
64.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?B
A.Factory workers make contributions to China's economic boom.
B.Working in a factory is better than that on a farm.
C.Factory workers are satisfied with their living conditions.
D.Some entrepreneurs exploited the low-cost labor situation.
65.The writer usesD to begin the passage.
A.a lot of figures      B.many examples
C.some dialogue         D.the result of a survey.
13.Recently there was a major discovery in the scientific research-the mapping of all DNA in a human gene(基因) is complete.Couple of years ago,this seems an impossible task for scientist to accomplish.All this progress in science leads us to believe that the day,when the human being will be cloned,is not far away.Human cloning has always been a topic of argument,in terms of morality or religion.
    Taking a look at why cloning might be beneficial,among many cases,it is arguable that parents who are known to be at risk of passing a genetic limitation to a child could make use of cloning.If the clone was free of genetic limitations.then the other clone would be as well.The latter could foe inserted in the woman and allowed to ripen to term.Moreover,cloning would enable women,who can't get pregnant,to have children of their own.
    Cloning humans would also mean that organs could be cloned,so it would be a source of perfect transfer organs.This,surely would be greatly beneficial to millions of unfortunate people around the world that are expected to lose their lives due to failure of single (or more) organ (s).It is also arguable that a ban on cloning may be unlawful and would rob people of the right to reproduce and limit the freedom of scientists.
    Arguments against cloning are also on a perfectly practical side.Primarily,I believe that cloning would step in the normal"cycle"of life.There would be a large number of same genes,which reduce the chances of improvement,and,in turn,development-the fundamental reason how living things naturally adapt to the ever-changing environment.Life processes failing to do so might result in untimely disappearance.Furthermore,cloning would make the uniqueness that each one of us possesses disappear.Thus,leading to creation of genetically engineered groups of people for specific purposes and,chances are,that those individuals would be regarded as"objects"rather than people in the society.
    Scientists haven't 100 per cent.guaranteed that the first cloned humans will be normal.Thus this could result in introduction of additional limitations in the human"gene-pool".
    Regarding such arguable topics in"black or white"approach seems very innocent to me personally.We should rather try to look at all"shades"of it.I believe that cloning is only legal if its purpose is for cloning organs; not humans.Then we could regard this as for"saving life"instead of"creating life".I believe cloning humans is morally and socially unacceptable.
67.Which of the following is true according to the passage?C
A.Genetic limitation will be beneficial for some women.
B.A large number of genes will prevent us from developing.         
C.Prohibition of cloning might limit the freedom of scientists.
D.First cloned humans might be normal according to scientists.
68.What's the author's opinion on cloning?D
A.Cloning should be entirely banned.
B.Cloning should be used in creating life.
C.Cloning will take away the right to reproduce.
D.Cloning is acceptable if it is used for cloning organs.
69.Where can you read this article?B
A.In a story book.        
B.In a magazine.
C.In a science fiction.   
D.In a brochure.
70.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?A.
10.We typically associate the word"science"with a person in a white coat doing experiments in a laboratory.Ideally,experiments should play as big a role in the human sciences as they do in the natural sciences; but in practice this is not usually the case.The are at least three reasons for this.
1.Human scientists are often trying to make sense of complex real world situations in which it is simply impossible to run controlled experiment.
2.The artificiality of some of the experiments that can be conducted may make the behavior of the participants abnormal.
3.There are moral reasons for not conducting experiments that have a negative effect on the people who participate in them.
Faced with the above difficulties,what are human scientists to do?One solution is to wait for nature to provide the appropriate experimental conditions.We can,for example,learn something about how a normal brain functions by looking at people who have suffered brain damage; and we can gain some understanding into the roles played by genes and the environment by studying twins,who have been separated at birth and brought up in different families.In the case of economics,economic history can provide us with a bank of-admittedly not very well-controlled-experimental data.
However,human scientists do not just sit around waiting for natural experiments to arise.They also think of some experiments of their own.Suppose you want to know how a baby sees the world.We cannot,of course,ask the baby since it has not yet learnt to speak.So it might seem that all we can do is guess.People usually won't change their mind until it was found out that babies tend to stare at surprising things longer than at unsurprising ones.This key understanding was like opening a window on to the developing mind.There was now a way of testing babies'expectations and getting some idea of how they are six months old,babies can already do the following things:figuring out that objects consist of parts that move together being aware of the difference between living and non-living things and even doing simple arithmetic work.

60.What is true about the natural sciences and the human sciences according to this passage?C
A.Both human scientists and natural scientists can run controlled experiments.
B.Experiments done by human scientists and natural scientists are artificial.
C.Both human and natural science experiments should be of the same importance.
D.It's not moral to conduct human science experiments.
61.What do we know about human scientists from this passage?D
A.They are white coat scientists.
B.They have more experimental sources than natural scientists.
C.They conduct experiments passively.
D.They face more difficulties in carrying out their research.
62.Which of the following experiments belongs to human science experiment?C
A.Vinegar Volcano Vinegar and baking soda make.for a fun and easy science experiment.Try creating a vinegar volcano.
B.  Taste Without Smell  Put your senses to the test with this simple experiment that shows the importance of your sense of smell.
C.Lung Function Observe your breath and confirm your lung volume by completing this experiment.
D.Make a Rainbow Use sunlight and water to make your own rainbow with this cool experiment that will teach kids how rainbows work while they enjoy a fun activity
63.What does the author tell us in this passage?C
A.ABCs about the science experiment.
B.Some knowledge of science.
C.Some differences between the human sciences and the natural sciences.
D.The similarity of the natural sciences and the human sciences.

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