题目内容

In 1826, a French man named Niepce needed pictures for his business. But he was not a good artist. He invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden. That was the first photo.

The next important date in the history of photography was in 1837. That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his reading room. He used a new kind of camera in a different way. In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing. This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype.

Soon, other people began to use Daguerre's way. Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world. People took pictures of famous buildings, cities and mountains.

In about 1840, photography was developed. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. That was not simple. The photographers had to carry a lot of films and other machines. But this did not stop them, for example, some in the United States worked so hard.

Mathew Brady was a famous American photographer. He took many pictures of great people. The pictures were unusual because they were very lifelike.

Photography also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century. Some photos were not just copies of the real world. They showed our feelings, like other kinds of art.

1.The first photo was a picture of Niepce's _______.

A. business B. house

C. garden D. window

2.The Daguerreotype was _______.

A. a Frenchman B. a kind of picture

C. a kind of camera D. a photographer

3.This passage tells us_______.

A. how photography was developed

B. how to show you ideas and feelings in pictures

C. how to take pictures in the world

D. how to use different cameras

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More than 2 million US teenagers have suffered a serious bout(发作) of depression in the past year, according to a federal government survey released on Tuesday.

On average, 8.5 percent of adolescents aged 12 to 17 described having had a major depressive episode in the previous year, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration reported.

But there were "striking differences" by sex, with 12.7 percent of girls and 4.6 percent of boys affected.

Depression is the leading cause of suicide, which in turn is the third-leading cause of death for 15- to 24-year-olds in the United States.

"The data Combined 2004 to 2006 data showed that rates of past year major depressive experience among youths aged 12 to 17 generally increased with increasing age," the researchers wrote.

Researchers at SAMHSA and RTI International in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, prepared the report using data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health.

More than 67,700 youths aged 12 to 17 answered questions about mood and depression. They were also asked to rate how depression affected them using the Sheehan Disability Scale(残疾量表), which measures impact on family, friends, chores at home, work and school.

Researchers defined a major depressive episode as two weeks or longer of depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure, and at least four other symptoms such as problems with sleep, energy, concentration or self-image.

Nearly half of the teenagers who had major depression said it severely damaged their ability to function in at least one of the areas on the disability scale.

"Fortunately, depression responds very well to early intervention and treatment," SAMHSA Administrator Terry Cline said in a statement.

1. The underlined word “ episode ” in paragraph 2 probably means _________.

A. experiment B. experience

C. expression D. feeling

2.What can be implied, but is not stated directly?

A. depression is the third-leading cause of suicide.

B. There were over 2 million American teens suffering depression in the past two years.

C. The students surveyed were aged between 12 and 17.

D. There were more girl students suffering depression than boys.

3. The main symptoms of a serious depressive episode include ________ .

A. no family or friends or jobs or interests at all.

B. low spirits, lack of sleep, energy and self-image, and poor concentration.

C. poor health, sex discrimination, less energy and loss of interests

D. suicide, sadness, lack of confidence and depression.

4.What will the following paragraph probably talk about according to the passage ?b

A. How to recover from stress

B. How to have a happy feeling

C. How to prevent and treat depression

D. How to live a comfortable life

Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.

The first kind of loneliness is temporary. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation — for example, family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year.

The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, habitual loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.

Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person's social contacts, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their popularity.

Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between habitual loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease. While temporary and situational loneliness can be a normal, healthy part of life, habitual loneliness can be a sad and sometimes dangerous condition.

1.How would you treat temporary loneliness according to the passage?

A. Talk to friends.

B. Just ignore it.

C. Go to see a doctor.

D. Ask your teachers for guidance.

2."It" in the last sentence of the second paragraph refers to _____.

A. a physical problem B. sleeplessness

C. temporary loneliness D. situational loneliness

3.The topic of the 4th paragraph is that____.

A. lonely people don't have many social problems

B. we depend on various persons for different reasons

C. one problem of loneliness is a person's social contacts

D. lonely people don't have many friends

4.What is the best title for the passage?

A. How to Get Rid of Loneliness

B. Loneliness and Diseases

C. Loneliness and Social Contacts

D. Three Types of Loneliness

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Nearly everyone has spent at least one night lying in bed wishing for sleep. But for many, it’s a nightly struggle. The key, or secret, is to experiment. What works for some might not work as well for others. _____1.___

1. Set a regular bedtime. Go to bed at the same time every night. ______2.______ Try not to break this routine on weekends when it may be tempting to stay up late. If you want to change your bedtime, help your body adjust.

2. ____3._____ If you’re getting enough sleep, you should wake up on time naturally without an alarm. As with your bedtime, try to maintain your regular wake-up time even on weekends.

3. Be smart about napping. While taking a nap can be a great way to recharge, especially for older adults, it can make insomnia(失眠)worse. ___4._____ If you must nap, do it in the early afternoon, and limit it to thirty minutes.

4. Fight after-dinner drowsiness(睡意). What should you do when getting sleepy before your bedtime? _____5.____ For example, washing the dishes, or calling a friend. If you give in to the drowsiness, you may wake up later in the night and have trouble getting back to sleep.

A. Wake up at the same time every day.

B. Spend more time outside in the day time.

C. When it’s time to sleep, make sure the room is dark.

D. Get off the couch and do something to avoid falling asleep.

E. If insomnia is a problem for you, consider giving up napping.

F. It’s important to find the sleep strategies that work best for you.

G. Choose a time when you normally feel tired so that you can fall asleep easily.

完形填空

阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The Fitting-in of Suzy Khan

The first time I saw Suzy Khan, I knew I had to help her. She was really small for her age of 12. The boy in my class often ________about her and laughed their heads off. She would open a book, pretending to read, with tears dropping on the open page.

All I knew was that she was an orphan (孤儿) from Africa. She had just been adopted by a family in town who ________ that the best way for her to learn American ways of life was to be with American kids. I looked down at this ________ girl and promised myself that somehow I would help her.

But how could I help her ________ in with us? There had to be a ________ .

One day, when I went into the classroom, I saw that Suzy had________ her geography book to a picture of a train, and in her notebook, she had made a(n) ________ copy.

I was surprised and thought that she could do something in the coming ________ show. So, I took her to see the art teacher, Miss Parker, and showed her what Suzy had ________ . “why, it’s wonderful,” said Miss Parker, who then showed us a poster she had painted ________ the talent show. “I need more of these, but I just don’t have enough ________ . Could you help me, Suzy?”

On the day of the talent show, Suzy’s ________ were everywhere ---- all over the hall and all over the school, each one different.

“And finally,” said Mr. Brown, the schoolmaster, at the end of the show, “we have a (n) _________ award. I’m sure you’ve all noticed the wonderful posters.” Everyone nodded. “one of our own students ________ them.”

I could hear everyone whispering. “Who in our school could draw ________ well?”

Mr. Brown waited a while before saying, “ ________ this student worked so hard on the posters, she deserves a ________ , too. Our mystery(神秘) artist is our new student ---- Suzy Khan!”

Mr. Brown thanked her for all the wonderful posters and gave her a professional artist’s set. “Thank you,” she cried.

I ________ , at that time when I was looking at her excited face, she’d probably never________ anything in her whole life.

Everyone started to ________ their hands. Suzy Khan gave them a shy smile and the applause(掌声) was deafening. I knew then Suzy was going to be all right.

1.A. jokedB. caredC. trainedD. worried

2.A. reportedB. decidedC. complainedD. questioned

3.A. richB. proudC. tinyD. popular

4.A. comeB. fallC. fitD. tie

5.A. mannerB. patternC. choiceD. way

6.A. readB. takenC. openedD. put

7.A. freeB. perfectC. finalD. extra

8.A. areB. talkC. quizD. talent

9.A.coloredB. writtenC. carvedD. drawn

10.A. atB. afterC. forD. around

11.A. roomB. timeC. paperD. interest

12.A. giftsB. booksC. photosD. posters

13.A. specialB. academicC. nationalD. royal

14.A. paintedB. foundC. printedD. collected

15.A. veryB. thatC. quiteD. too

16.A. IfB. ThoughC. UnlessD. Since

17.A. prizeB. rankC. restD. place

18.A. repliedB. realizedC.rememberedD. regretted

19.A. offeredB. valuedC. ownedD. controlled

20.A. clapB. waveC. raiseD. shake

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