题目内容

Every hour spent in watching TV, DVDs and videos as an adult reduces lifespan by almost 22 minutes, a study suggests. And viewing TV for an average of six hours a day can cut short your life by five years.
The research shows that a sedentary（久坐的） lifestyle is as bad for health as smoking and obesity, because of the dangers caused by inactivity and the greater opportunities it offers for unhealthy eating.
The researchers set out to calculate the overall risk to lifespan from watching television. Their research involved more than 11,000 people over the age of 25.
Writing in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, they concluded. "TV viewing time may be connected with a loss of life, which is similar to other major chronic disease risk factors such as physical inactivity and obesity."
The researchers, from the University of Queensland, used information from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study, together with population and death rate data.
But they said: "Although we used Australian data, the effects in other industrialized and developing countries are likely to be similar, considering the large amounts of time spent watching TV and similarities in disease patterns." In the United Kingdom, the average amount of time spent watching TV is four hours a day, compared with five hours in the United States.
Earlier this year, a separate study suggested the risk of developing diabetes and heart disease, or dying early, rises by as much as 20 percent after just two hours a day in front of the box.
England's Chief Medical Officer, Sally Davies, said: "Physical activity offers huge benefits and these studies back what we already know - that a sedentary lifestyle carries additional risks. We hope these studies will help more people realize that there are many ways to get exercise."
小题1:We can learn from the passage that       .
A．whether you watch TV or not has nothing to do with how long you will live
B．if an adult watches TV for six hours every day, he will probably die five years earlier
C．physical inactivity and obesity won't shorten your life
D．a sedentary lifestyle offers huge benefits.
小题2:The passage implies that _______.
A．The longer one watches TV every day, the shorter he lives.
B．The conclusion of the study is unbelievable because it's based on Australian data.
C．Watching TV does greater harm to health than smoking and obesity
D．Watching TV harms children as much as adults.
小题3:What do we know from the last three paragraphs?
A．People in the United Kingdom watch TV longer than those in the United States.
B．That a sedentary lifestyle carries additional risks isn't supported by other studies.
C．Watching TV for two hours a day will increase the risk of illnesses or dying early by 20%.
D．Australian data is much different from that of other countries.
小题4:The passage is intended to _______.
A．inform the readers of a research on watching TV
B．tell the readers large amounts of people often watch TV
C．tell the readers watching TV is also a good way to relax
D．warn the readers of the harm of watching TV and hope that they do sports

小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:D

试题分析：文章介绍了一项研究发现：看电视等于慢性自杀 每天6小时寿命短5年，读者长时间看电视的坏处，希望人们多锻炼。
小题1:细节题：从第一段的句子：And viewing TV for an average of six hours a day can cut short your life by five years.可知成年人一天看电视[6小时寿命短5年，选来B
小题2:细节题：从第四段的句子："TV viewing time may be connected with a loss of life, which is similar to other major chronic disease risk factors such as physical inactivity and obesity."可知看电视的时间越长，寿命越短，选A
小题3:细节题：从第二段的句子：Earlier this year, a separate study suggested the risk of developing diabetes and heart disease, or dying early, rises by as much as 20 percent after just two hours a day in front of the box.可知每天看两个小时的电视会增加生病或死亡的机率20%，选C
小题4:推理题;从最后一段的句子："Physical activity offers huge benefits and these studies back what we already know - that a sedentary lifestyle carries additional risks.可知这篇文章是想告诉读者长时间看电视的坏处，希望人们多锻炼，选D
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Is crying good therapy? Experts say yes. Having a good weep at the weekend is becoming more popular among office workers in China.
“I need to cry to let my feeling out,” said 22-year-old Guo Meng, a smart-looking young woman. “I remember one day when I got home I felt so down but I had no one to talk to, so I just curled up(蜷缩) with my teddy bear and cried myself to sleep,” Guo said. The next day, she said, she felt much better and life seemed not so bad after all.
Because crying is taken as a sign of weakness, people make a great show of being strong and not displaying emotion. Psychologists and medical practitioners agree that crying is beneficial for mental health but people still regard it as a sign of failure and bottle up their feelings. A famous Chinese author once said to cry is normal, and even brave. Those who display their emotions can deal with their troubles bravely after the tears dry, while those who soldier on let problems fester（恶化）.
In the Chaoyang district of Beijing, there is a special place for people to cry their sadness out. It is called “Cry Bar”. On the door of each of its “cry rooms” there is a saying encouraging people to let the tears flow freely.
“Crying is a kind of therapy, but it needs some direction,” said Milulu, a psychologist.
“People should realize the point of crying is to relieve pressure, but some of the young people who come to the Cry Bar simply sit and weep. The purpose of crying is to make it easier to improve your life after the tears dry, not to get lost in bad memories.”
Crying is only one way of relieving pressure, and we need to face problems squarely and solve them once the tears have dried, said Mululu.
小题1:Crying _____ made Guo Meng feel better.
A．with some friendB．all the night with a toy
C．during her sleepD．in bed before sleep
小题2:According to the third paragraph, people usually make great efforts to_____.
A．get rid of their sadnessB．bottle up their feelings
C．act on psychologists’ adviceD．face their troubles bravely
小题3:What should the customers do at the Cry Bar?
A．Think of every sad experience they’ve had and cry
B．Keep crying as loudly as long as possible.
C．Satisfy any desire to cry and weep until it is gone.
D．Hold back their tears until they can’t help but cry.
小题4:From the text, we can learn that crying ____.
A．is to relieve pressureB．must help to solve problems
C．means facing problems squarelyD．can’t weaken sad feelings.
Good Housekeeping has discovered that even if a child wear a helmet when she bikes, or skates, it may not protect her from a serious head injury.
Every year, 390,000 children under age 15 go to hospital emergency rooms with bike-related injuries. Of that number, about one third children suffer head injuries and an estimated 200 die. By wearing a helmet, a child can reduce her risk of injury by as much as 85 percent. But remember —— a bicycle helmet must fit properly to be safe. Here are five steps to making sure your child's helmet fits properly.
1) If you haven't bought your child's helmet already, you might want to consider one with a rear stabilizer(稳定杆). A rear stabilizer holds the back of the head gently and helps the helmet stay correctly positioned.
2) The helmet should fit closely and shouldn't slide from side to side or front to back. If your child can put two fingers on both temples inside the helmet, it's too big. Try a smaller size. But if the next size down is too small, use the fit pads(护垫). Fit pads come in different sizes and attach to the helmet with Velcro.
3) Tell your child to open her mouth widely and ask if she can feel the helmet push down onto the top of her head. If she can't, you need to readjust her helmet.
4) To prevent strap slippage, wind a rubber band around the strap where it meets the fastener.
5) Recheck the fit regularly.
You should replace the bicycle helmet:
If she has been in an accident with it.
If the buckle(金属扣) breaks or if a piece breaks off.
If it doesn't have a U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, American Society for Testing and Materials, or Snell Memorial Foundation sticker.
If it doesn't fit correctly. Even if the helmet fit perfectly two years ago, it might be too small now.
小题1:Who is this passage mainly written for?
A．Children.B．Teachers.C．Parents.D．helmet producers.
小题2:What does the author mainly want to stress in the second paragraph?
A．The bike-related injury is a serious threat to the children.
B．The bicycle helmets must fit properly while the children are biking.
C．It’s necessary for the children to wear helmets while biking.
D．Many students suffer bike-related injuries every year.
小题3:If a girl finds a helmet a little bit big for her head, what should she do?
A．She must buy a smaller size.
B．She can use some fit pads.
C．She can put fingers on both temples inside the helmet.
D．She must make helmet slide from side to side.
小题4:Phil White, a father, found the buckle of his girl’s helmet broken, he can_______
A．buy a new bicycle helmet for her
B．mend the bicycle helmet himself
C．continue to use the bicycle helmet
D．throw away the broken buckle
You may have heard about the many benefits of yoga, but a recent New York Times story, has stirred up more than a little controversy in the yoga community.
"How Yoga Can Wreck Your Body," by science writer William J. Broad, quotes a long-time yoga teacher who "...has come to believe that 'the vast majority of people' should give up yoga altogether. It's simply too likely to cause harm." He goes on to describe a number of cases where people have been injured doing yoga, including himself.
The research in the article isn't groundbreaking: doing any form of exercise you could potentially hurt yourself. If you look at the injury rates of other physical activities, the number of injuries sustained from yoga would pale in comparison.
Practicing yoga is just like anything in life: You have to push yourself in order to grow. But you also have to know your limits and when you're breaking them. If you stick to your comfort zone, you'll never be able to increase your flexibility. If you push to the point where you're not only uncomfortable, but in real pain, you'll likely injure yourself.
The reasons that yoga causes "serious injury”, according to the Times story, range from students' physical weaknesses to inexperienced teachers pushing too hard to the growing number of inflexible "urbanites who sit in chairs all day" trying hard to twist themselves into difficult postures.
Yoga is called a "practice" for a reason. You don't have to be perfect. You don't have to tackle every pose. It doesn't matter if you can touch the floor with your palms during your first forward bend or your thousandth, or if you never get there.
We go to the mat to learn to better listen to what our bodies are telling us, and to better hear that quiet inner voice drowned out by the noise of our busy lives. It's a shame to discourage the majority of people from practicing yoga and missing out on all of the mind-body benefits that going to the mat has to offer.
小题1:The underlined word is best replaced by __.
A．InjureB．BenefitC．PushD．Shape
小题2:What does author mainly want to tell us in the 3rd paragraph?
A．All physical activities are equally harmful.
B．Yoga causes much less injuries than other physical activities.
C．Similar researches have been done before.
D．Yoga, like any other form of exercise, can hurt people.
小题3:Which is not mentioned among the reasons for yoga being likely to cause injury?
A．Teachers lack the knowledge of students’ limits.
B．Modern lifestyle decreases our flexibility.
C．The body doesn’t tell when you are in real pain.
D．Students themselves might not be in good physical condition.
小题4:What is the author’s attitude towards practicing yoga?
A．It’s a shame not to practice yoga.
B．One should push the limits in order to be perfect.
C．The majority should give up yoga for it may cause harm.
D．One should enjoy the physical and mental benefit that yoga brings.
WASHINGTON－School lunches have been called many things, but a group of retired military officers is giving them a new label: national security threat.
That's not a reference to the mystery meat served up in the cafeteria line either. The retired officers are saying that school lunches have helped make the nation's young people so fat that fewer of them can meet the military's physical fitness standards, and recruitment will be difficult.
A new report being released Tuesday says more than 9 million young adults, or 27 percent of all Americans ages 17 to 24, are too overweight to join the military. Now, the officers are advocating for passage of a wide­ranging nutrition bill that aims to make the nation's school lunches healthier.
The military group acknowledges that other things keep young adults out of the armed services, such as a criminal record or the lack of a high school diploma. But weight problems that have worsened over the past 15 years are now the leading medical reason that recruits are rejected.
Although all branches of the military now meet or exceed recruitment goals, retired Navy Rear Adm. James Barnett Jr., a member of the officers group, says the obesity trend could affect that.
“When over a quarter of young adults are too fat to fight, we need to take notice，” Barnett said. He noted that national security in the year 2030 is “absolutely dependent” on reversing child obesity rates.
This isn't the first time the military has gotten involved in the debate over school lunches. During World War Ⅱ， military leaders had the opposite problem, reporting that many recruits were rejected because of stunted growth and inadequate nutrition. After the war, military leaders pushed Congress to establish the national school lunch program so children would grow up healthier.
Today, the group is urging Congress to eliminate junk food and high­calorie beverages from schools, put more money into the school lunch program and develop new strategies that help children develop healthier habits.
小题1:What is the main problem of the lunches in schools according to the military officers?
A．The meat in the lunches is mysterious.
B．The lunches are too expensive.
C．The lunches contain too much fat.
D．There is inadequate nutrition in the lunches.
小题2:The underlined word “obesity” in Paragraph 5 means ________.
A．slow in mind B．state of being fat
C．quick in movementD．lack of confidence
小题3:Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．The lunches in American schools are not very healthy.
B．During World War Ⅱ，many people could not join the army because of overweight.
C．According to the author , overweight was the key reason why many recruits were rejected.
D．By now, Congress hasn't eliminated junk food and high­calorie beverages from schools.
小题4:Which of the following is the best title for the article?
A．School lunches: a national security threat?
B．National security in danger ?
C．Retired officers tired of school lunches
D．The recruitment of 2030
What time of day can you think most quickly? Are you a morning person? Or does it take you a few hours to get your brain going? A lot of recent research suggests that we should pay attention to our body clock. It can tell us what time of day we can perform best at.
Many people work best later in the morning. This is because the body’s temperature takes time to rise through the day. Taking a warm shower when you wake up can help your body’s temperature rise quickly.
But everyone’s body clock is different and some are special. Morning people will get up early and
work better early in the day. Evening people will work later but work better towards the end of the day. Research shows that we’re better at some activities at certain times of the day. Physical performance is at its best between 3 pm and 6 pm, so it’s better to exercise later in the day. 
Between noon and 4 pm, people begin to pay less attention. This is because we think less quickly
after a big meal. Research also shows we become sleepy around 2 pm. This is why people in Spain take a short sleep in early afternoon.  Finally, it is best to eat when we’re active. This allows our body
to burn calories better and stops our blood sugar levels from getting too high.
小题1:__________ can tell us what time of day we can perform best at.
A．Morning peopleB．A warm shower
C．Our body temperature.D．Our body clock
小题2:A morning people will ________.
A．get later but work better
B．work better early in the day.
C．only work in the morning
D．go to bed late every night.
小题3:What is the best time for physical performance? 
A．Between 3 pm and 6 pmB．Between 7 pm and 10 pm.
C．Between noon and 4 pmD．Between 5 pm and 8 pm.
小题4:Why is it best to eat when we’re active? 
A．Because eating makes the brain unable to think quickly.
B．Because it makes our blood sugar levels higher.
C．Because our body can burn more calories.
D．Because we are allowed to eat then.
小题5:What is the best title for this article? 
A．How can we work better
B．The best time to exercise
C．How can we keep healthy
D．The perfect time to do something
Keeping a busy social life among lots of friends may keep people thinner than spending hours doing some exercises, according to scientists. They say that socializing and meeting with friends help increase levels of brown fat in the body which burns calories to produce heat.
Living in an exciting social environment was found to reduce fat in mice's belly by half over four weeks, even if they ate more. US researchers say that social excitement aids weight loss by turning white fat into brown. White fat stores calories and makes us fatter, while brown burns energy to produce heat. Turning white fat into brown is extremely difficult, normally requiring long- term stay in cold conditions or exciting part of the body's nervous system.
However, scientists from Ohio State University now think that having a busy social life is an even more effective way of changing white fat into brown. The team came up with their theory by studying the effects of various living environments on mice. Those, who lived alongside a greater number of mice, had more space and toys to excite themselves and then lost far more weight over the course of the study than their “couch potato" fellows.
Study author, Dr Matthew During, whose team's findings appear in the journal Cell Metabolism, said, "I'm still amazed at the degree of fat loss that occurs." Explaining how new technology had threatened face-to-face socializing, he added, "It's not just a sedentary(久坐的) lifestyle and high calorie foods, but an increasing lack of social activities." Co-author Dr Lei Cao said，"Loneliness is a potential factor for cancer and death; it's equal to cigarette smoking to a certain extent. Social activities are very vital.
小题1:What information can we get from the first two paragraphs?
A．Brown fat stores calories and makes us fatter
B．It doesn't take long to turn white fat into brown.
C．Social excitement helps gain more weight
D．Brown fat can burn energy to produce heat.
小题2:Which of the following statement does the text support?
A．Levels of brown fat can be increased by socializing.
B．The mice lacking social life lose more weight.
C．The research findings haven't been published so far.
D．Dr Matthew During wasn't convinced of the result.
小题3:We can conclude from the text that _______.
A．the fat in mice's belly was reduced because of the relaxing environment
B．a sedentary lifestyle and high calories foods influence people's social life
C．surfing the Internet may influence people's face-to-face communication
D．cancer and death are mainly caused for lack of social life
小题4:What’s the main idea of the text?
A．Brown fat is beneficial to people's health.
B．Socializing is unnecessarily important in people's daily life.
C．White fat can be changed into brown fat.
D．Socializing contributes to people's losing weight.
Below is a selection from a popular science book.
If blood is red, why are veins（静脉） blue?
Actually, veins are not blue at all. They are more of a clear, yellowish color. Although blood looks red when it’s outside the body, when it’s sitting in the vein near the surface of the skin, it’s more of a dark reddish purple color. At the right depth, these blood-filled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin, making them look blue by comparison.
Which works harder, you heart or your brain?
That kind of depends on whether you’re busy thinking or busy exercising. Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise, and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker. But in the long run, your brain probably tips it, because even when you’re sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart, and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it.
Why do teeth fall out, and why don’t they grow back in grown-ups?
Baby (or “milk”) teeth do not last long; they fall out to make bigger room for bigger, stronger adult teeth later on. Adult teeth fall our when they become damaged, decayed and infected by bacteria. Once this second set of teeth has grown in, you’re done. When they’re gone, they are gone. This is because nature figures you’re set for life, and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches off.
Do old people shrink as they age?
Yes and no. Many people do get shorter as they age. But, when they do, it isn’t because they’re shrinking all over. They lose height as their spine（脊柱） becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effect of gravity(重力). Many (but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older. Men lose and average of 3-4 cm in height as they age, while women may lose 5 cm or more. If you live to be 200 years old, would you keep shrinking till you were, like 60 cm tall, like a little boy again? No, because old people don’t really shrink! It is not that they are growing backwards ----- their legs, arms and backbones getting shorter. When they do get shorter, it’s because the spine has shortened a little. Or, more often, become more bent and curved.
Why does spinning make you dizzy（眩晕的）?
Because your brain gets confused between what you’re seeing and what you’re feeling. The brain senses that you’re spinning using special gravity-and-motion-sensing organs in your inner ear, which work together with your eyes to keep your vision balance stable. But when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes out of control, and your brain thinks you’removing while you’re not.
Where do feelings and emotions come from?
Mostly from an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system. All mammals have this brain area ----- from mice to dogs, cats, and humans. So all mammals feel basic emotions like fear, pain and pleasure. But since human feelings also involve other, newer bits of the brain, we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on this planet.
If exercise wears you out, how can it be good for you?
Because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them. And as far as your body is concerned, it’s “use it, or lose it”! It’s not that exercise makes you healthy, it’s more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease
小题1:What is the color of blood in a vein near the surface of the skin?
A．BlueB．Light yellow
C．RedD．Dark reddish purple
小题2:Why do some old people look a little shrunken as they age?
A．Because their spine is in active use.
B．Because they are more easily affected by gravity.
C．Because they keep growing backwards.
D．Because their spine becomes more bent.
小题3:Which of the following statements about our brain is true?
A．In the long run, our brain probably works harder than our heart.
B．When our brain senses the spinning, we will feel dizzy.
C．The brains of the other mammals are as complex as those of humans.
D．Our feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain.
小题4:What is the main purpose of the selection?
A．To give advice on how to stay healthy.
B．To provide information about our body.
C．To challenge new findings in medical research.
D．To report the latest discoveries in medical science.
Everyone needs water and a diet ___小题1:___healthy foods. These foods should __小题2:___some fat, some fiber, a little salt and so on.
People need energy to live. They eat all kinds of foods___小题3:__change into energy. Our bodies use different __小题4:___of energy. The energy is measured in calories(卡路里).The more __小题5:___we take, the more calories we burn. Even when you are _小题6:___you are using energy ---about 65calories an hour. While you are at school, or walking home, your body is __小题7:__up 100 calories an hour. When playing football or basketball, you might be using 400 calories an hour. On _小题8:___Day, during the relay race, you will use most of all, perhaps as___小题9:__as 650 calories an hour.
The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world. It contains a lot of fruit and green vegetables. It is __小题10:___in fiber and low in sugar and fat. The Chinese eat less sugar than many___小题11:___countries in the world. That is __小题12:___lots of people in China have white teeth.
People in the western world do no eat ___小题13:__healthy foods. They eat too much fat and sugar and don’t take __小题14:___exercise.Because of this, they _小题15:___weight very easily. In order to __小题16:___with the quick pace(步伐)of their life and work , they eat a lot of fast food . They eat a lot of sweets, soft drinks, potato crisp, chocolates, butter and ice cream and so on, ___小题17:__are called __小题18:__food by some epicureans (美食家).The result is that many of them become fat. In order to avoid __小题19:___fat and __小题20:___it is advisable (明智的)to eat a balanced diet and not eat too many foods that have a high calorie rating.
小题21:
A．aboveB．OfC．atD．over
小题22:
A．includeB．holdC．containD．make up
小题23:
A．whichB．whatC．WhereD．it
小题24:
A．numbersB．amountsC．plentyD．deal
小题25:
A．exerciseB．lessonC．sport D．games
小题26:
A．wakenB．runningC．workingD．asleep
小题27:
A．runningB．addingC．burningD．wasting
小题28:
A．ChildrenB．WorkC．SportsD．Teacher
小题29:
A．muchB．manyC．fewD．little
小题30:
A．poorB．lowC．richD．plenty
小题31:
A．moreB．otherC．restD．others
小题32:A why         B. because  C. because of  D. since
小题33:A so          B. very     C. much       D. such
小题34:
A．a number ofB．too muchC．masses of D．enough
小题35:
A．lose weightB．put onC．dieD．stay healthy
小题36:
A．keep upB．carry onC．keep onD．go on
小题37:
A．asB．theseC．whichD．they
小题38:
A．badB．diseaseC．healthyD．junk
小题39:
A．to getB．becomingC．to becomeD．get
小题40:
A．keep thinB．keep fitC．stay calm D．fall ill

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