题目内容

8．From now on，never spend your precious time thinking of reasons for your failures and shortcomings．Instead，realize that the seeds of success were planted within you when you were born．Only you have the power to make those seeds grow．
The seeds，and the power to grow them，are contained in the best machine ever created：the human mind．Success is a choice and not a chance．You were born a winner．You can be a success if only you make the right choice．
You cannot be successful without first developing your self-esteem（自尊）．Your level of self-esteem is always based on the degree of control that you are able to have over yourself，and thus over your life．People with low self-esteem are people who do not believe that they have any power，or responsibility for their lives．They are leaves tossed（摇摆） by the winds of chance blown about with any sudden change in the weather．
You can control your life only to the degree that you believe that you are responsible for everything that happens in your life．Failures think that everything happens by accident and chance．Successful people realize that they are responsible．
Everything happens as a result of something．If we can identify the cause，we can control the effect．We are responsible for what we choose to think and believe．One generally rises to the level that one expects．We are responsible for setting our expectations．Our success is dependent upon our level of confidence．
In short，in all areas of your life，whether they are financial，physical，emotional，or spiritual，you are responsible．Once you recognize this，accept it，and firmly believe it，you are on the road to success．
68．People with low self-esteem are compared to leaves because theyD．
A．are easily affected by windy weather             
B．are ready to change their minds
C．don't have the power to face their fate            
D．can't control themselves
69．Losers would think thatA．
A．their failure is only because of bad luck           
B．they don't make efforts to succeed
C．working hard will lead to success             
D．success is the result of hard work
70．It can be inferred from paragraph 5 thatB．
A．success is a chance
B．We are what we make us
C．thoughts and beliefs are the result of creative mind
D．developing confidence is the only way to future success
71．The last paragraph serves asC．
A．the proof of the author's points                    
B．an introduction to another topic  
C．the conclusion of the argument                     
D．a comparison between two views．

分析 本文是一篇科教类阅读，作者告诉我们要做一个有自尊、相信自己能够承担一切、选择成功的人；而不是一个玩世不恭、无法自我的失败者．

解答 68-71．DABC
68题答案：D考查细节推理，根据第三段最后一句的They are leaves tossed（摇摆） by the winds of chance blown about with any sudden change in the weather．
他们是被天气里随时改变的风摇摆的叶子．可知自尊很低的人像叶子一样，无法控制自己；故本题答案为D选项．
69题答案：A考查细节推理，根据第四段的Failures think that everything happens by accident and chance．失败者认为一切的发生都只是偶然或机会．可知失败者认为他们的失败只是由于运气不好，故本题答案为A选项．
70题答案：B考查细节推理，根据第五段的We are responsible for what we choose to think and believe．One generally rises to the level that one expects．We are responsible for setting our expectations．Our success is dependent upon our level of confidence．我们要为我们所认为的和所相信的负责．一个人通常会到达他所期待的水平，我们要为自己设立期望．我们的成功取决于我们的自信心．可知"我们就是我们使自己成为的那个人"，故本题答案为B选项．
71题答案：C考查细节推理，根据最后一段的In short，in all areas of your life，whether they are financial，physical，emotional，or spiritual，you are responsible．总而言之，在你生活的所有领域--无论是经济上、身体上、情感上还是精神上，你都要承担责任．可知最后一段所起的作用是对论点的总结，故本题答案为C选项．

点评 本文是一篇科教类阅读，题目涉及多道细节理解题，做题时结合原文和题目有针对 性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案．

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18．假如你是光明中学的李华．你的英国朋友Tom正在中国旅游，给你发来电子邮件说下周将参观你所在的城市齐齐哈尔（Qiqihar）．请根据以下要点，给他回一封电子邮件：
1．询问航班情况，告诉他你将去机场接他；
2．邀请他到你家住宿；
3．介绍本地情况（天气、景点、饮食等）．
注意：1．词数100左右、
2..开头已为你写好，不计入总词；
3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
参考词汇：鹤crane    扎龙自然保护区 Zhalong Nature Reserve
Dear Tom，
I'm very happy to receive your e-mail saying that you are coming to visit my city．I can't wait to see you．
                                                   
I'm looking forward to your early reply!
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua．
19．Welcome to the world of multitasking-a place where the measure of a person is how many jobs they can perform at the same time．In fact，if experts are to be believed，multitasking is a disastrous idea．
One of the opponents of multitasking is Dr．Clifford Nass，a professor at Stanford University．"People who multitask frequently are less able to pay attention； they're worse at managing their memory．"he said．In his opinion，the loss that we get with multitasking is harmless in some situations，for example，part of doing business in the digital world：but you can't do serious work like writing，thinking or solving an important problem this way．You do worse even as you think you're doing better．All the time the research points to a simple fact：the brain cannot cope．When you stop midway through composing a report to check an email，you force your brain to stop and regroup．It is like pressing the pause button during a movie，meaning the film takes longer to watch．
And as for Dr．Nass，the problems extend beyond the brain．Young people who frequently multitask are not as socially and emotionally healthy as those who don't．They just feel more emotionally satisfied and the feeling is so good and they are bound to desire it again．Todd Oppenheimer，a writer said"We've become a very short-term society and don't reward people for taking a lot of time on something．"He fears we may end up losing the next generation of great thinkers．"It's really unfortunate because the long-term challenges of our world-environmental issues，financial issues-require people to think wisely about the long-term consequences of what they do．And it's no coincidence that the kind of people who do think long-term don't multitask．"

29．According to Dr．Nass，multitaskingD．
A．makes the performance emotionally affected only
B．contributes to memorizing various things
C．may result in losing the next generation of great thinkers
D．can be performed using digital tools
30．From the passage，we can tellB．
A．the loss that we get with multitasking is harmless
B．we mistakenly believe that we're doing better by switching between tasks
C．doing multitasking does harm to us in every area
D．for every task you add to your multitasking，you can finish your goal quicker
31．Which of the following is a multitasking addict？C
A．You turn your cellphone to silence when you're out to dine with friends．
B．You watch from start to finish without distraction when playing a DVD．
C．You have your office desk covered with paperwork from various unfinished projects．
D．You feel that when you try to do too much at once，the result always suffers．
32．The author mainly wants to tell usA．
A．the less you switch，the better you do
B．it is more efficient to do things all in a mixed way
C．it takes longer for us to become a great thinker
D．we shouldn't be lazy if we want to accomplish many tasks．
16．As any homemaker who has tried to keep order at the dinner table knows，there is far more to a family meal than food．Sociologist Michael Lewis has been studying 50families to find out just how much more．
Lewis and his co-workers carried out their study by videotaping （录像） the families while they ate ordinary meals in their own homes．They found that parents with small families talk actively with each other and their children．But as the number of children gets larger，conversation gives way to the parents'efforts to control the loud noise they make．That can have an important effect on the children．"In general the more question-asking the parents do，the higher the children's IQ scores，"Lewis says．"And the more children there are，the less question-asking there is．"
The study also provides an explanation for why middle children often seem to have a harder time in life than their siblings （兄弟姐妹）．Lewis found that in families with three or four children，dinner conversation is likely to center on the oldest child，who has the most to talk about，and the youngest，who needs the most attention．"Middle children are invisible，"says Lewis．"When you see someone get up from the table and walk around during dinner，chances are it's the middle child．"There is，however，one thing that stops all conversation and prevents anyone from having attention："When the TV is on，"Lewis says，"dinner is a non-event．"
67．The writer's purpose in writing the text is toA．
A．report on the findings of a study
B．give information about family problems
C．teach parents ways to keep order at the dinner table
D．show the relationship between parents and children
68．Parents with large families ask fewer questions at dinner becauseB．
A．they are busy serving food to their children
B．they are busy keeping order at the dinner table
C．they have to pay more attention to younger children
D．they are tired out having prepared food for the whole family
69．By saying"Middle children are invisible"in paragraph 3，Lewis means that middle childrenA．
A．get the least attention from the family
B．have to help their parents to serve dinner
C．are often kept away from the dinner table
D．find it hard to keep up with other children
70．Which of the following statements would the writer agree to？D
A．It is important to have the right food for children．
B．It is a good idea to have the TV on during dinner．
C．Elder children should help the younger ones at dinner．
D．Parents should talk to each of their children frequently．
3．Some students get so nervous before an exam that they do poorly even if they know the material．Sian Beilock，a psychology professor at the University of Chicago，has studied these highly anxious exam-takers．
"They start worrying about the results．They might even start worrying about whether this exam is going to prevent them from getting into the college they want．And when we worry，it actually uses up attention and memory resources that you could otherwise be using to focus on the exam，"says Sian Beilock．
The researchers tested the idea on a group of 20anxious college students．They gave them two short math exams．After the first one，they asked the students to either sit quietly or write about their feelings about the coming second exam．
The researchers added to the pressure．They told the students that those who did well on the second exam would get money．They also told them that their performance would affect other students as part of a team effort．
Professor Beilock says those who sat quietly scored an average of 20% worse on the second exam．But the students who had written about their fears improved their performance by an average of 5%．
Next，the researchers used younger students in a biology class．They told them before final exams either to write about their feelings or to think about things unrelated to the exam．
Professor Beilock says highly anxious students who wrote about their feelings got an average grade of B+，compared with a B-for those who did not．
But what can they do if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before an exam or presentation？Professor Beilock says students can try it themselves at home or in the library and they can still improve their performance．

61．In which paragraph does the author introduce the background（背景） of his study？A
A．In the first paragraph．
B．In the second paragraph．
C．In the third paragraph
D．In the last paragraph．
62．According to Sian Beilock，if you want to succeed in an exam you shouldB．
A．be as serious as you can about the exam．
B．focus your attention on the exam．
C．set clear study goals and keep them
D．make a careful preparation for the exam
63．We can infer from the study that students who sit quietly before the examC．
A．are more likely to get better exam results．
B．have a positive attitude towards exam results．
C．worry more about the exam in their mind．
D．have a strong will to be successful in the exam．
64．The underlined word"it"in the last paragraph refers to"C"．
A．looking for a chance                     B．preparing for the exam
C．writing about the feelings               D．taking the exam
65．If a student writes about his feelings before an exam，heA．
A．will improve his exam result          B．can keep a good memory of the exam
C．will get support from his teachers    D．will forget what he has prepared for the exam．
13．You have two eyes and they are set close together on the front of your face．Have you wondered why？The reasons are simple and important to the way you see the rest of your world．
 Your eyes are like two small cameras．A camera catches an image of an object and records it on film．Similarly，when you look at something，each eye takes in what it sees and sends this image to the back of the eyeball．Because your eyes are set close together，they view the world from about the same height but from slightly different angles．Working as a team，the eyes send the images to your brain，which puts them together into a single，centered image．
 Seeing in stereo means seeing with two eyes working together，which is called stereoscopic sight．This allows you to view the world in three dimensions，or 3-D．Seeing depth helps you to judge the distance between you and the objects you see and to adjust to the changing angle at which you see something as you move closer to or farther away from it．If images are coming from only one eye，however，only two of these dimensions----height and width----can be perceived．A world seen with one eye is thus two-dimensional，as in a photograph．
Now consider why your two eyes are on the front of your face．Think of other animals with the same arrangement．They are all animals that hunt，like lions and wolves．Their eyes face directly in front of them．This provides a field of sight about 180 degrees wide，which is called binocular（双眼的） sight．On the other hand，animals that are hunted have eyes on the sides of the head，which provides nearly360-degree field of sight．In order to stay alive，they need to see things coming from the sides and from behind．However，without stereoscopic sight，they have difficulty determining how far a danger is．
 With sight both stereoscopic and binocular，humans share with animal hunters the ability to see from side to side and to accurately determine the distance．If you think it would be great to have another type of sight，perhaps with hundreds of tiny eyes like many insects do，think again!Each tiny insect eye sees only a tiny part．Besides，what if you needed glasses？Be glad for the eyesight that you have．
67．According to the passage，the similarity of an eye and a camera is that they bothB．
A．can imagine objects              
B．can record images
C．provide centered images          
D．work at the same height
68．Stereoscopic sight is a result of havingA．
A．two eyes close to each other that work together
B．hundreds of eyes，all seeing tiny parts of an image
C．a three-hundred-sixty-degree field of sight
D．one eye on either side of the head，each seeing a different image
69．What is the meaning of the underlined word"perceived"in Para3 most similar to？B
A．known         B．seen         C．taken            D．understood
70．We can infer from the last paragraph thatD．
A．our eyes work like cameras
B．animal hunters are glad for the sight they have
C．the three dimensions are depth，height and width
D．human beings are fortunate to have such eyesight．
20．Some scientists say that animals in the oceans are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings．
The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities．It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions，ocean drilling，and ship engines．Such noises are added to natural sounds．These sounds include the breaking of ice fields，underwater earthquakes，and sounds made by animals themselves．
Decibels （分贝） measured in water are different from those measured on land．A noise of one hundred and twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears．In water，a decibel level of one hundred and ninety-five would have the same effect．
Some scientists have suggested setting a noise limit of one hundred and twenty decibels in the oceans．They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales（鲸鱼）．
A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously injure some animals．
The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing．This seriously affected the whales'ability to exchange information and find their way．Some of the whales even died．The explosions had caused their ears to bleed and become infected（被感染的）．
Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds are against a limit of one hundred and twenty decibels．They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research．
Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals．However，many scientists don't think that noise is a greater danger than they believed．They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean．

26．According to the passage，which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures？C
A．The sound of  ______ cars．
B．The sound of voices．
C．Man-made noise pollution．
D．The sound of steps．
27．According to the passage，natural sounds include all of the following EXCEPTB．
A．sounds made by animals themselves   B．ocean drilling
C．underwater earthquakes              D．the breaking of ice fields
28．Which of the following is discussed in the third paragraph？A
A．The same noise level produces a different effect on land and in the ocean．
B．Different places may have different types of noises．
C．The decibel is not a right unit （单位） for measuring underwater noise．
D．Different ocean animals may have different reactions to noises．
29．Which of the following is true of whales？D
A．They won't be confused by noises．
B．They are deaf to noises．
C．Their ability to reproduce will be lowered by high-level noises．
D．Their hearing will be damaged by high-level noises．
30．According to the passage，what will scientists most probably do in the future？B
A．They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution．
B．They will protect animals from harmful noises．
C．They will try to set a limit of 120decibels．
D．They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution．
17．My dad was never the kind to offer many words of love or encouragement．But we knew he loved us…he just had his own way of showing it．
When I was a teen，we were seasonal campers at a family campground almost an hour outside the city where we lived．Each family had their own campsite with water and electric，and you basically parked your camper there from May through October．Most"Seasonals"visited them every weekend during those months，with the occasional weeklong stay．There were plenty of other kids who camped seasonally each weekend，and they came to be some of my closest friends．Of course，many of them were boys．
We kids paired up with our little boyfriends or girlfriends，and we'd hold hands as we'd walk around the campground．We'd play ping-pong，have some snacks，and play songs．Most weekends were pretty similar，but the couples would change．You'd see so-and-so with a different so-and-so than they were with the weekend before．You know how it is when you're a teen-a three-week relationship is a really long time．
So，needless to say，my teen years were spent with quite a few different boys．But every single one of them had something in common…they'd all received The Evil Eye．
The Evil Eye was a magical sort of thing．One simple look from my dad，and the boy immediately knew not to mess with me．It was as if he could send his warnings through invisible laser（激光）beams that shot directly from his eyes to the boys'brains．
"You will not put your hands on my daughter…You will not kiss my daughter…You will not even whisper sweet nothings into my daughter's ear．"
I remember one night in particular，walking with a boy around the campground after dark．We came from one direction，and my dad from the other．The boy and my dad locked eyes for a brief second，then the boy dropped my hand like a hot potato and turned away，giving me a quick，"See you later．"
Yes，the Evil Eye．Best way ever to keep wandering teen boy hands away from your daughters．

56．The Evil Eye in the passage implies thatD．
A．Dad gets angry easily
B．Dad's eyes are like evil's
C．Dad's eyes are ugly-looking   
D．Dad's eyes are protective to his daughter
57．The underlined words"mess with"in paragraph 5most probably meansB．
A．make untidy  B．cause trouble  C．get married to  D．talk to
58．It can be inferred from the passage that the authorC．
A．is a teenage girl who loves her father
B．is a teenage boy who hates his father
C．is now an adult who has come to understand her father's love
D．used to be a naughty boy who changed girlfriends now and then．
18．Andy rode slowly on his way to school，day-dreaming about the fishing trip that his father had promised him．He was so busy dreaming about all the fish he would catch that he was unaware of everything else around him．
He rode along until a strange sound drew him to the present．He came to a stop and looked curiously up to the sky．What he saw shocked and terrified him．A huge swarm of bees filled the sky like a black cloud and the buzzing mass seemed to be heading angrily towards him．
With no time to waste，Andy sped off in the opposite direction，riding furiously-but without knowing how to escape the swarm．As the bees came closer，his panic increased．Andy knew that he was sensitive to bee stings（蜇）．The last sting had landed him in hospital-and that was only one bee sting!Suddenly，his father's words came to him．"When you are in a tight situation，don't panic．Use your brain and think your way out of it．"
On a nearby hill，he could see smoke waving slowly skywards from the chimney of the Nelson family home．"Bees don't like smoke，"he thought．"They couldn't get into the house．"But Andy knew he could not reach the house in time．He estimated that the bees would catch up with him soon．
Suddenly，out of the corner of his eyes，he spotted a small dam used by Mr．Nelson．Off his bike and into the cool water he dived，disappearing below the surface and away from the savage insects．After holding his breath for as long as he could，Andy came up for air and noticed the bees had gone．Dragging himself out of the dam，he struggled up the hilly slope and rang the doorbell．Mrs．Nelson took him inside and rang his mother．

21．Why did Andy fail to notice the swarm of bees earlier？D
A．He was riding to school．
B．He was listening to a strange sound．
C．He was going fishing with his father．
D．He was lost in the thought of the fishing trip．
22．Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the swarm of bees in the passage？D
A．They crowded like a black cloud．
B．They shocked and terrified Andy．
C．They tried to attack Andy in a mass．
D．They made Andy stay in hospital for two days．
23．How did Andy avoid the bees in the end？B
A．He asked Mr．Nelson for help．
B．He hid himself under the water．
C．He rushed into the Nelson house．
D．He rode off in the opposite direction．
24．Which of the following can best describe Andy's escape from the beesD？
A．No pains，no gains．
B．Once bitten，twice shy．
C．Where there is a will，there is a way．
D．In time of danger，one's mind works fast．

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