Question

【题目】阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There 【1】(be) a trend recently in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）【2】 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 【3】(effect) such as overweight and heart disease — 【4】 very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 【5】(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 【6】(remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even worse, the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food is full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat 【7】they need in their diet.

【8】(have) enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 【9】(caution) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 【10】 is not good for the health.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】has been

【2】as

【3】effects

【4】the

【5】to process

【6】are removed

【7】than

【8】Having

【9】cautious

【10】which

【解析】

本文是说明文。本文讲述了医学界引领了一种低脂少盐的食品业潮流，谁知却带来了违背初衷的副作用：超重和心脏病。原来是因为脂肪和盐是人体消化食物所需的成分，没有了它们，人们就会因此吃更多的东西来弥补，而且会吃更多垃圾食品。因此我们需要适当摄入脂肪和盐分，但也不要太多，否则也不利于健康。

【1】考查时态。由句子中的recently可知，句子应该使用现在完成时。主语是a trend，因此填入has been。故填has been。

【2】考查介词。句意：这一趋势最开始被医学界作为一种治疗心脏病的方法。由句子结构可知，此处需要填入介词。根据句意可知，这里表达“作为”之意，所以填as。故填as。

【3】考查名词的数。effect在句子中是可数名词，由空格前的 some 可知，此处应使用 effect 的复数形式effects。故填 effects。

【4】考查冠词。“the very+名词”用于强调，表示“正是……”。the very thing指的是前面的“超重和心脏病”。故填the。

【5】考查非谓语动词。固定短语：be required to do sth，意为“被要求做某事”，此处应填to process。故填to process。

【6】考查时态和语态。设空处所在部分是由when引导的时间状语从句，主语是fat and salt（复数），所给词remove要充当谓语，根据上下文可知句子应该使用一般现在时，而fat and salt与remove存在被动关系，应填入are removed。故填are removed。

【7】考查介词。根据eating more fast food及get more salt and fat可知，句子中使用了比较级，结合语境，此处需要填入than来表示比较。故填than。

【8】考查动名词。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，应使用动名词作主语。故填Having。

【9】考查词类转换。此句是一个祈使句，以系动词be开头，系动词后面接形容词作表语，所以caution转换成形容词cautious。故填cautious。

【10】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：跟其他食物一样，吃得太多也是有可能的，但这对健康不利，分析句子结构，空格处引导定语从句，设空处应该指代前面整句话，所以使用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。

抓住定语从句“三要素”是学好定语从句的关键。构成定语从句的三个要素是先行词、引导词及从句其它内容。在具体分析时，有三个步骤：一找先行词，二判断先行词在从句中充当的成分，三确定引导词。小题10中设空处应该指代前面整句话，所以用which引导非限制性定语从句。