题目内容

9．Conventional wisdom is a major barrier to innovation （创新）that threatens the survival of companies everywhere．It's based on the assumption that old ideas will always work，so they shouldn't be challenged．While this may be a valid assumption in situations that don't change，it's unlikely to hold true in a changing situation．In today's rapid changing global environment，old methods often don't work，and stubbornly using them can lead to major problems．
Most people seem to agree with conventional wisdom because it gives one a false sense of security．If everyone else believes it，then it must be true．Individuals who use conventional wisdom are certain that they are right，and being right is good．They want to continue using old ideas rather than take risks with changes that might not work．In 1977，Ken Olsen，co-founder and CEO of Digital Equipment Corporation （DEC），stated'There is no reason for any individual to have a computer in his home．"Despite being a dominant leader in the computer industry，DEC no longer exists．People seem to forget that since innovation is a change，there can be no innovation without change．Unfortunately，conventional wisdom prevents leaders，followers and companies from changing and therefore innovating．If companies don't innovate，but their competitors do，the future is likely to be problematic．Breaking from conventional wisdom has led to many of the most innovative companies and products in history across many industries，so it has a powerful effect on business success．
Ted Turner （founder of CNN）knew little，if anything，about the news business，but he knew it was inconvenient to watch news only at the dinner hour，as was common before CNN．Turner's solution was to create a cable channel dedicated to news 24 hours a day．The news establishment reflected conventional wisdom at the time，and predicted his idea would fail because no one wanted to watch the news all day．However，it doesn't take a rocket scientist to understand that viewers don't have to watch the news all dav for the CNN to work．Viewers just have to watch when they want to get information．Due to conventional thinking，the critics failed to recognize the opportunity that was clear to Ted．They assumed that only what was familiar to them could work in the future．
Conventional wisdom prevents creativity，flexibility and risk-taking，so unconventional leaders enthusiastically break from it．To survive，thrive and maintain competitive advantage，companies must be flexible when reacting to change．

51．The author's attitude to conventional wisdom isA．
A．disapproving B．approving C．supportive D．indifferent
52．DEC has disappeared probably becauseB．
A．the consumers didn't like its products
B．the CEO stuck to the conventional ideas
C．the leaders lacked the sense of security
D．the employees took many risks with changes
53．The founding of CNN is used as an example to proveB．
A．missing opportunities could lead to failure
B．changing could contribute to business success
C．watching news at the dinner hour is convenient
D．conventional wisdom influences business success
54．What does the underlined part probably mean in Paragraph 3？D
A．Rocket scientists can ensure the CNN works properly．
B．Most of the viewers don't like to watch the news at work．
C．Ifs necessary to understand when people watch the news．
D．It's easy to know people needn't watch the news all the time．
55．The passage is mainly written to tell us thatC．
A．old methods are changing with time
B．opportunities lead to business success
C．conventional wisdom limits innovation
D．successful companies need wise leaders．

分析 文章讲述了传统的思维方式会阻碍创新，威胁公司的长期发展，勇于创新才是生存之道．

解答 ABBDC
51．A 情感态度题．根据第一句话Conventional wisdom is a major barrier to innovation （创新）that threatens the survival of companies everywhere可知，作者认为传统的思维是创新的主要障碍，所以作者认为conventional wisdom 是持否定态度，即disapproving意思是不赞同，故选A．
52．B 细节理解题．根据文意In 1977，Ken Olsen，co-founder and CEO of Digital Equipment Corporation （DEC），stated'There is no reason for any individual to have a computer in his home．"Despite being a dominant leader in the computer industry，DEC no longer exists可知DES的出现其实是CEO打破了常规，勇于创新的结果，故选B．
53．B 细节理解题．根据文章Breaking from conventional wisdom has led to many of the most innovative companies and products in history across many industries，so it has a powerful effect on business success．可知CNN的创立为例子是为了支持论点，勇于创新才是成功之道，故选B．
54．D 句意猜测题．根据Viewers just have to watch when they want to get information．可知听众并不是一直在关注新闻，故推出答案为D．
55．C 主旨大意题．通过第一段以及整个文章来看，主要讲述了传统的思维方式阻碍了创新，勇于创新才是生存之道．故选C．

点评 本文属于观点类新闻题材，考生在答题时要从整体上把握全文，并注意从细节中推测作者的态度．

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C．He was studying at the University of Bridgeport．
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B．It lowered the prices to promote sales
C．It made no profits due to poor management
D．It tacked control over the quality of sandwiches
49．They decided to open a second store because theyD．
A．had enough money to do it
B．had succeeded in their business
C．wished to meet the increasing demand of customers
D．wanted to make people believe that they were successful
50．What contributes most to their success according to the author？A
A．Learning by trial and error．
B．Making friends with suppliers．
C．Finding a good partner．
D．Opening chain stores．
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27．From the text，we know that cybersicknessC．
A．is completely equal to motion sickness
B．affects up to 80% of the population．
C．leads to people's feelings of sickness and unsteadiness
D．is caused by seeing fast moving objects around
28．What's the difference between motion sickness and digital sickness？A
A．Digital sickness means sufferers see movement but do not feel it．
B．Digital sickness means sufferers feel movement but do not see it．
C．Motion sickness means sufferers see movement but do not feel it．
D．Motion sickness means sufferers don't see or fel movement
29．What does the underlined word"susceptible"in the last paragraph mean？B
A．likely to accept         B．likely to be affected
C．likely to suspect        D．likely to be cured
30．This passage is most probablyD．
A．a science fiction        B．a newspaper ad
C．a book review            D．a science news report．
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Yes！In a new study done by Michael McDaniel，a psychologist at Virginia
Commonwealth University，bigger does mean smarter．"For all ages and sex groups，"he says，"it is now very clear that intelligence has something to do with brain volume（容量）．"
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"On average，"McDaniel says，"smarter people learn more quickly，make fewer mistakes，and are more productive．"He believes in the use of IQ tests to examine those who want to find a job．So，be well，do good work，and…exercise that brain!
8．What does Michael McDaniel's new study prove？B
A．Women have more white matter than men．
B．The bigger the brain is，the cleverer the person is．
C．IQ has nothing to do with the amount of gray matter．
D．The brain is filled with large amounts of gray matter．
9．The underlined phrase"back up"in Paragraph 4meansD．
A．express   B．share   C．change   D．support
10．What can we learn from the text？D
A．Men are smarter than women．
B．Age has an influence on one's intelligence．
C．McDaniel suggests people do more IQ tests．
D．People with the same IQ may have different abilities
11．The author thinks Michael McDaniel's study isC．
A．crazy   B．difficult   C．correct  D．subjective （主观的）
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（35）F In China and many other Asian countries，social relationships，with family in particular，are one of the most important factors in a person's well-being．
So，are you happy？And what makes you happy？

A．However，happiness，as it was before，is still hard to find．
B．Therefore，happiness is what people are eager for all their lives
C．But different people have different their own standards．
D．As The Washington Post noted，the word"happy"can refer to different things in English．
E．Nevertheless，one of the most important parts of happiness is wealth．
F．However，this may sound straightforward enough，but it still doesn't explain what
determines people's happiness．
G．Another difference in the perception （看法） of happiness is that Western countries tend to have quite an"individualistic view of human life"．

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