题目内容

【题目】What will the man do for the woman?

A.Teach her French.

B.Review the course with her.

C.Tell the stories in English.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】

W: My reading of French is so slow that I’ll never finish these stories before the test.

M: I read them when I took that course last year. I can tell you about them in English right now, and then you’ll pass the test.

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【题目】 A high school student has a science test on Monday but spends most of the weekend playing video games and does not start studying until late Sunday night. This kind of avoiding or delaying of work that needs to be done is called procrastination(拖沓). It has been said that up to 95% of people procrastinate at least sometimes, and about 20% of them do it too much. 1

The first factor is how pleasant or unpleasant people find a task. Research shows that people put off tasks they find unpleasant. Someone who loves bicycles might not delay fixing a tire, while someone who does not may put it off.

2 For example, those who have low expectations of success are more likely to delay starting a job. On the other hand, those who believe they can perform well take on challenging tasks rather than avoid them.

3 Studying hard in high school might not give high school students any immediate rewards; what they learn might not seem useful to the present. Sometimes. it is hard to see the benefit of making an effort when the reward is too far away. 4

Lastly, another factor is whether or not people can use self-control. Those who have less self-control can easily be drawn away from their work. Interestingly, age is said to be associated with self-control. 5

If procrastination is a problem for you, the first step to reducing it is identifying the reasons behind it. It is only by understanding the roots of your problem that you can choose the appropriate method for yourself.

A. Besides, there is a link between procrastination and how long people must wait before they see the reward for an effort.

B. Research shows that the older people become, the less likely they are to delay doing their work until the last minute.

C. In addition, the amount of confidence they have in their ability to do a task is also related to procrastination.

D. As it is common to most people, how to avoid procrastination has become a major concern.

E. What's more, it has been argued that too much confidence can also lead to procrastination.

F. Although researchers do not agree on all the reasons behind procrastination, there is general agreement about some factors that can explain it.

G. This can explain why many people do not start saving money for their old age when they are young.

【题目】 A breathtaking trick potentially left over from our ancestors might be found in us — the ability to sense oxygen through our skin.

Amphibians, animals such as frogs that can live both on land and in water, have long been known to be capable of breathing through their skin. In fact, the first known lungless frog that breathes only through its skin was discovered recently in the rivers of Borneo.

Now the same oxygen sensors found in frog skins and in the lungs of mammals (哺乳动物) have unexpectedly been discovered in the skin of mice.

“No one had ever looked,” explained Randall Johnson, a biologist researcher.

Mice and frogs are quite distant relatives, so the fact they have these molecules (分子) in common in their skin suggests they might well be found in the skin of other mammals, such as humans.

“We have no reason to think that they are not in the skin of people too,” Johnson said.

These molecules not only detect oxygen, but help increase levels of vital red blood cells, which carry oxygen around the body. Normal mice breathing in air that is 10 percent oxygen—a dangerously low level similar to conditions at the top of Mount Everest, and about half that of air at sea level. However, mice that had the oxygen sensor HIF-1a genetically removed from their skin failed to produce this hormone (荷尔蒙) even after hours of such low oxygen.

These findings, if they hold true in humans, suggest one could raise the level of oxygen circulating inside the body. This could help treat lung diseases and disorders such as anemia (贫血症) without injecting drugs, which make up a multibillion-dollar market, Johnson said.

Athletes also often try to get more oxygen delivered to their muscles in order to improve their performance. They often do this by training at high altitudes or in low-oxygen tents. The new study suggests they might want to expose their skin as well as breathing in low-oxygen air to improve their performance. “It’s hard to say what exactly might be done, however—there’s a lot we don’t know yet,” Johnson explained.

The scientists detailed their findings in the April 18 issue of the journal Cell.

1Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A.Johnson believes that Oxygen sensors also exist in human skin.

B.People have to surf the Internet to read detailed findings.

C.It has been proved that these findings help treat lung diseases.

D.It has long been expected oxygen sensors exist in mice’s skin.

2One of the functions of the molecules mentioned above is _______.

A.carrying oxygen around the bodyB.improving athletes’ performance

C.detecting oxygenD.increasing level of oxygen

3What is Johnson’s attitude to the application of the findings to the athletes’ training?

A.NegativeB.Doubting

C.PositiveD.Hesitating

4The best title of the passage may be _______.

A.Great Findings Benefits Athletes A Lot

B.Frogs And Mice Are Distant Relatives

C.First Known Animal Breathes Through Skin

D.Humans Might Sense Oxygen Through Skin

【题目】Northern California’s national parks appear pure and clean, almost untouched. But scientists are finding that there is more to this wild area than one can see. Even in the deep forests and on the mountain tops, animals may be poisoned by pesticides (杀虫剂) used in valley farms far below.

Researchers with the United States Geological Survey (美国地质勘探局) are working late into the night. They are searching for and catching frogs in the mountains of the Sierra Nevada. The Pacific chorus frog (拟蝗蛙) breeds in the high mountains just as the snow melts. The pools basically fill with meltwater, and as soon as the ponds melt the chorus frogs begin breeding there. Some Pacific chorus frogs in the mountains of California have tested positive for farming pesticides.

Gary Fellers is a researcher who once worked for the USGS. He and other team members are collecting the frogs to test them for agricultural poisons. No one farms in these forested national parks. However, winds carry chemicals from the Central Valley farming area into the mountains.

Kelly Smalling was the lead writer of the USGS study. “The decline of amphibians (两栖动物) has been documented for decades and decades. Some populations have gone extinct. And why these populations are declining is still a mystery.” Ms. Smalling says pesticides could be harming frogs and other amphibians.

The researchers tested pond water and soil from the bottom of the ponds. They were clean or almost free of pesticides. But tests on the bodies of the frogs showed the presence of 12 agricultural pesticides.

The concentration on the frog becomes greater than the concentration that is present on the water or some other part of the environment. Kelly Smalling says the next step is to find a way to deal with the pollution. “The first thing we need to do is understand how these chemicals that we’re finding harm the frogs. We have to understand the problem before we can fix it.”

1Animals in Northern California’s national parks ________.

A. are well protected

B. are killed by air pollution

C. are harmed by pesticides

D. will be sent to the farms in the valley

2According to the text, the Pacific chorus frogs ________.

A. breed when it snows

B. are only found in the ocean

C. are studied by the scientists

D. are free from the farming pesticides

3What will the researchers do next?

A. Keep the pond clean.

B. Deal with the pollution.

C. Find new homes for the frogs.

D. Search for and catch the frogs.

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