Question

18．Nothing succeeds like success，as every parent of a straight-A student knows，but trying to highlight academic excellence by telling your child，"You're so smart，"may be counterproductive（负效的）．Telling kids they're smart strengthens the idea that intelligence is a genetic gift rather than a skill that can be developed．
In a recent study，researchers at Michigan State University looked at 123 children who were about 7．The team assessed the children to determine whether they had a"growth mindset（思维模式）"（believing that you can work harder to get smarter），or a"fixed mindset"（believing that your intelligence is unable to change）．They then asked the children to complete a fast-paced computer accuracy task while their brain activity was recorded．In the task，children played a game，helping a zookeeper capture escaped animals by pressing the space bar when an animal showed up in their screen-unless it was a group of three chimps．During the recording，researchers noted that brain activity spiked within a half-second after making a mistake，as children became aware of their error and paid closer attention to what went wrong．The larger the brain response，the more the children focused on the error．
Based on the data they collected，the researchers concluded that children with a"growth mindset"were much more likely to have a larger brain response after making a mistake，and in turn were more likely to improve their performance by paying closer attention to the task after making an error．
For parents，the lessons are clear：don't pay compliments（赞扬）that suggest that intelligence is fixed．If a child hands you an A+test，don't say，"You're so smart!"Instead say，"Wow，that studying really paid off!"Note the effort，not the intelligence．Second，focus on using errors to work together and learn．"Many parents and teachers shy away from addressing a child's mistakes，telling them"It's OK．You'll get it next time．"without giving them the opportunity to figure out what went wrong．"Dr．Schroder says．Here are additional ways you can help enhance your child's education．

32．What can learn about children's mindset from the study？C
A．Children are born with a fixed or growth mindset．
B．Children with a fixed mindset pay no attention to mistakes．
C．Children with a growth mindset are more likely to make progress．
D．Children with a growth mindset can catch more animals in the game．
33．Which of the following has the closest meaning with the underlined word in Paragraph 2？D
A．started                            
B．stopped                           
C．paused                            
D．rose
34．What should parents say to children's performance according to the passage？C
A．"You are so clever!"for excellence．
B．"It's not good enough．"for excellence．
C．"You can benefit from it．"for a mistake．
D．"It's OK．Forget about it．"for a mistake．
35．What would be the best title for the passage？A
A．Never Call Your Kid Smart                                         
B．Always Be Strict with Your Kid
C．How to Communicate with Your Kid                     
D．How to Comment on Your Kid's Performance．

Answer 1

分析 本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了有良好成长心态的孩子更有可能获得成功，因此家长应该注意对待孩子的方式．

解答 32．C．细节理解题．根据第三段Based on the data they collected，the researchers concluded that children with a"growth mindset"were much more likely to have a larger brain response after making a mistake可知有良好成长心态的孩子更有可能获得成功；故选C．
33．D．词义猜测题．根据第二段During the recording，researchers noted that brain activity spiked within a half-second after making a mistake，as children became aware of their error and paid closer attention to what went wrong可知在录制过程中，研究人员指出，脑活动在犯了一个错误的半秒之后会更剧烈，当孩子认识到自己的错误并关注什么导致了错误时，大脑的反应更大；因此意为提升，增长；故选D．
34．C．细节理解题．根据最后一段If a child hands you an A+test，don't say，"You're so smart!"Instead say，"Wow，that studying really paid off!"Note the effort，not the intelligence可知家长对孩子们的表现应该说"你可以从中受益；故选C．
35．A．推理判断题．根据第二段but trying to highlight academic excellence by telling your child，"You're so smart，"may be counterproductive可知这篇文章最好的题目是不要夸你的孩子聪明；故选A．

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．