题目内容

6．Number sense is not the ability to count．It is the ability to recognize a （1）change   in number．Human beings are born with this ability．（2）Surprisingly，experiments show that many animals are，too．For example，many birds have good number sense．If a nest has four eggs and you remove one，the bird will not （3）notice．However，if you remove two，the bird （4）generally leaves．This means that the bird knows the （5）difference   between two and three．
Another interesting experiment showed a bird's （6）amazing   number sense．A man was trying to take a photo of a crow （乌鸦） that had a nest in a tower，but the crow always left when she saw him coming．The bird did not （7）return   until the man left the tower．The man had an （8）idea．He took another man with him to the tower．One man left and the other stayed，but they did not（9）fool   the bird．The crow stayed away until the second man left，too．The experiment was （10）repeated   with three men and then with four men．But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were （11）gone．It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were （12）finally   able to fool the crow．
How good is a human's number sense？It's not very good．For example，babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a（13）small   group．But when the number goes beyond three or four，the children are （14）often fooled．
It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world，and that our human （15）ability   is not much better than a crow's．

1．A．riseB．patternC．changeD．trend
2．A．ImportantlyB．SurprisinglyC．DisappointedlyD．Fortunately
3．A．surviveB．careC．hatchD．notice
4．A．generallyB．sincerelyC．casuallyD．deliberately
5．A．distanceB．rangeC．differenceD．interval
6．A．amazingB．annoyingC．satisfyingD．disturbing
7．A．relaxB．recoverC．reactD．return
8．A．appointmentB．excuseC．ideaD．explanation
9．A．foolB．hurtC．catchD．kill
10．A．reportedB．repeatedC．designedD．approved
11．A．confusedB．goneC．tiredD．drunk
12．A．graduallyB．luckilyC．strangelyD．finally
13．A．singleB．smallC．localD．new
14．A．seldomB．temporarilyC．merelyD．often
15．A．sightB．natureC．abilityD．belief．

分析 本文是一篇说事理性的说明文，篇章模式为总-分-分-总的结构．第一段提出话题，说明什么是数字感，并通过拿鸟类作为例子说明，不仅人类与生俱来都有这种数字感，而且动物也有；第二段运用一个人想对一只乌鸦进行拍照的另一个有趣的例子来进一步鸟类的神奇的数字的分辨力；第三段，以一个婴儿为例说明人类的数字感并不是很好；最后一段为结论段，重申主题：人类和许多动物一样都有数字感，而且人类的这种能力不比乌鸦好多少．

解答 1．C  考查动词辨析．根据下文的"removeone/two"语义提示可知，这里是数字发生变化；由此可知本句含义为"数字感是分辨数字变化的能力"，C项符合语境，故选C．
2．B  考查副词辨析．根据上下文的语境可知，分别说到"人类与生俱来具有这种能力（分辨数字变化的能力）"和"很多鸟类也有很好的数字感．"，运用逻辑推断可知，这里表示这是"令人惊讶的是"．故选B．
3．D  考查动词辨析．根据上文第一句的"recognize"和下文的"knowsthe   5"语义提示可知，这是这二个词的同义词复现，本句句义为：如果一个鸟窝里有四颗鸟蛋，你拿走一个，鸟儿就会发现．A"生存下来"，B"关心"，C"孵（蛋）"均不符合语境．故选D．
4．A  考查副词辨析．根据常识判断，这里要表达的意思是：如果取走两颗鸟蛋时，鸟类在通常情况下会离开（飞走）．故选A．
5．C   考查名词辨析．根据上文说到的"拿走一个和二个鸟蛋时，鸟的反应和表现"的语义提示可知，这些都是属于difference的范畴．而且这里的difference与第二句中的change形成同义词复现的关系．本句句义为：这说明鸟类知道二和三的区别．故选C．
6．A   考查形容词辨析．根据上下文的语义提示可知，这里要表达的意思是：另一个有意思的实验也显示了鸟类的这种令人惊奇的数字感．故答案为A．amazing与第四句空格2"Surprisingly（令人吃惊或惊奇的是）"构成同义词的复现关系．
7．D   考查动词辨析．根据下文第十一空前"notreturn to the nest"的语义提示可知答案，四个选项的含义分别为：A"放松"，B"恢复"，C"反应"，D"返回，归还"．本句句义为：这只鸟直到那个人离开那座塔之后才离开．事实上这里的return与上句中的left形成反义词的复现关系．故选D．
8．C   考查名词辨析．根据上下文的语境可知，这个人第一种方法行不通，所以这里再用另一方法，由此运用逻辑推断可知，这里要表达的意思是：这个人有（或想出）了一个主意．根据语境，下文讲了他的具体做法．A、B和D都不符合，C为正确答案，先有了想法或主意，然后是具体的行为．故选C．
9．C  考查动词辨析．根据上下文的语境可知，他们只是在做实验，根据常识并运用逻辑推断可知，他们不是要抓（catch）乌鸦．其他三项A"愚弄"，B"伤害"，D"杀死"均不太符合语境．故选C．
10．B  考查动词辨析．根据上下文的语义提示可知，本句讲了实验的进展，他们又先后用三个人和四个人重复做了实验．并在下句交代了实验的结果，但是乌鸦都是等到所有人（离开）后才回巢．故选B．
11．B   考查动词辨析．根据语义提示可知，gone与上文（本段）的left，return，left，left多次构成同义词或反义词的复现关系．句意为表示两次实验的结果：但是乌鸦都是等到所有人（离开）后才回巢．故选B．
12．D   考查副词辨析．根据上下文语境并运用逻辑推断可知，本句以强调句的形式交代了，最后的一次实验及实验结果，直到五个人进入到塔中，只有四个人离开时，他们才最终把乌鸦给搞糊涂了/愚弄了乌鸦．故选D．
13．B  考查形容词辨析．根据本段语境并结合常识可知，前两句在说：人类的数字感觉也不是非常好．再根据大语境，全文一直在讲，对于鸟类在小数字变换时的数字分辨能力的实验．显然可以推出本句句义为：例如，当从一个很小的一组东西中拿走一些时，十四个月大的婴儿几乎总是能够注意到（这个变化）．故选B．
14．D  考查副词辨析．根据语义提示可知，这里的often与第三句中的almost形成近义词复现关系．根据语境与行文逻辑，本句句义为：但是当数字超过三或者四时，婴儿们通常会被搞糊涂．故选D．
15．C  考查名词辨析．根据上文的语义提示可知，这里的ability与首段的ability形成相同词的复现关系．文章末段与首段开甩语义照应上的前后照应的关系．根据语境，本句句义为：（好像数字感是我们与世界上的许多动物都具备的能力，而且）我们人类的这种能力不比乌鸦更强．故选C．

点评 解答此类题目可遵循以下步骤：第一步，通读全文，了解文章大意，获得整体印象，同时初选出一批较有把握的答案．第二步，边核对初选答案边补填留下的空格．如果短文难度较大，则可复读几遍，核对和确定答案．有些空一时决定不了，可作个记号，待复查时再确定． 第三步，复查定稿．从整体理解角度出发，仔细审核答案，确保意义上、语法上没有错误，同时对遗留下来的少数几个空格作最后选择．

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Many schools across the US hold graduation ceremonies this time of year. In some schools, even 5 and 6-year-olds observe their graduation from kindergarten. And so can older people, much older. Meet 70-year-old Jerry Reid, who just graduated from the University of Virginia in Charlottesville. He earned a bachelor’s degree.

Mr. Reid might not look like the average college student; his hair is definitely grayer. But still Jerry Reid’s age is easy to forget, other UVA students know him as one of their own.

Mr. Reid sat into the “Hoo Crew,” a group that cheers loudly for the school at sports events. He also joined a men's group on campus. He sang drinking songs along with many other students. Mr. Reid’s school friends say they can talk to him just about anything.

About a half century ago, in his 20s, Mr. Reid was not in school. Instead, he was racing cars and chasing girls. But he says his friend Bill invited him to UVA parties.

“Bill told me what a terrible life I had unless I came up here and went to school with him,” said Reid.

That was in 1963. Jerry Reid says it took him 48 years to take that advice. In 2011, he entered college. UVA Professor Luke Wright says Mr. Reid influences students. He opened the minds of the young adults. The teacher says Mr. Reid showed them that life does not end at 40. Instead, the 70-year-old college graduate believes that getting older can be the beginning of a dream.

“Remember that path that you left waits for you. It’s there. It’s yours. All you must do is to get out of your own way and get back to it. And, that's exactly what I did,” said Reid.

Mr. Reid says that he and his wife Susan now would take some time off to enjoy his college degree. Then, he’ll return to UVA to begin studying for his graduate degree.

1.Which of the following is true of Mr. Reid?

A. He was laughed at by other students.

B. He was interested in study in his youth.

C. He enlarged the views of young people.

D. He got his graduate degree in 2011.

2.From the third paragraph, we can infer that Mr. Reid was _________.

A. considerateB. independentC. intelligentD. energetic

3.What does Paragraph 6 mainly discuss?

A. How Mr. Reid realizes his dream.

B. What teachers think of Mr. Reid.

C. When Mr. Reid entered college.

D. Why the students likes Mr. Reid.

4.What lesson can we learn from the story of Jerry Reid?

A. It is never too late to learn.

B. Two heads are better than one.

C. Actions speak louder than words.

D. A friend in need is a friend indeed.

South Africa is a multiethnic society encompassing a wide variety of cultures, languages, and religions. It has 11 official languages. If you want to say hello, it's "sawubona" in Zulu, and "hallo" in Afrikaans. Now, South Africa's school children may start using "ni hao" to say hello.

The country's education minister says, the nation is adding the Mandarin language teaching in some schools. Mandarin is the official spoken language of China. That country is a major trading power for South Africa.

A recent agreement between the two nations centers on five areas of cooperation. They include development in basic education, school books and lessons, mathematics and science, teacher training and career education and research.

South Africa officials have not said how much they teaching Mandarin will cost. Troy Martens is an officials with South Africa's Ministry of Basic Education. She says the new partnership is extremely valuable.

A public opinion study last year found that South Africans have mixed feelings about China. The survey showed 46 percent of South Africans do not like the spread of Chinese ideas and customs in their country, the results also showed that 60 percent dislike Chinese music, movies and television.

But Ms Martens said Chinese trade is more important than those feelings. She said it is extremely helpful to learners in South Africa to study Mandarin as well as Chinese culture. And she said not every school will offer Mandarin.

“Now this will not be compulsory, it will not be for every school, and it will not be for every child. But for schools that feel they have the capacity to offer Mandarin as a subject, we think it is a great opportunity for South African learners to be exposed to this international type of language,” said Martens.

Lisette Noonan heads the 80-year-old Pretoria Chinese School in South Africa's capital. The school serves about 500 students from kindergarten to grade 12. Every student studies Mandarin.

Ms Noonan says the school welcomes the new cooperation between South Africa and China. She said it is in the best interests of children to study Mandarin. She said that especially true with China becoming what she called “a huge economic power in the world”

1.We can learn from Paragraph 1 that .

A. South Africa introduces Mandarin into its school curriculum

B. South Africa has 11 official languages

C. "ni hao"is easy to say than other languages

D. students in school must speak all official languages

2.The underlined words “the new partnership” in Paragraph 4 refers to .

A. a recent agreement about trading cooperation B. five areas of cooperation in education

C. teaching official languages D. career education and research

3.From Paragraph 5,we can know that .

A. South Africans are familiar with Chinese music, movies and television

B. all South Africans aren’t interested in Chinese ideas and customs

C. the spread of Chinese ideas and customs is popular among South Africans

D. Chinese culture has a great influence on South Africans

4.Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Every school in South Africa will offer Mandarin to their students.

B. 60 percent of South Africans want to learn Mandarin.

C. It’s 80 years since Pretoria Chinese School in South Africa’s capital opened.

D. Mr.Noonan isn’t interested in the new cooperation between South Africa and China.

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