Customers are advised to make seatreservationswell in advance．题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

5．Customers are advised to make seatreservations（预定）well in advance．

分析顾客最好提前预定位置．

解答答案是reservations；本题考查语境中选用适当的词；reservation n．预定；题干中需要的是make的宾语，故用名词"预定"；根据语境，Customers 是复数，故预定不是一次，故答案是reservations．

点评翻译填空要根据所提供的汉语意思结合语境和句子结构选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意句子结构和所选词的形式变化．

练习册系列答案

16．A family has been defined as a couple and their children，sharing a common house and dividing the work by gender．In general，the woman has to be at home，looking after her children，while the man works outside the home．In fact，in 2014，only 15percent of all American families resembled the so-called typical American family．

Nuclear Family （The Formal Type!）
A nuclear family is considered to be the most traditional family，consisting of a mother，a father，and the children．This family type holds a lot of respect by society，known as the ideal one to raise children．It is believed that children belonging to the two-parent structure families are stabe．However，with changing times，it has been observed that the nuclear structure has become less popular．

Single Parent Family （Mostly the Breadwinner Parent!）
A single parent is the one who looks after the child without the assistance of the other parent．The child can be by birth or adoption．Single parent families are often the result of death of another parent，divorce of a couple with children，or child abuse．There's another case where adults who want children but do not have a partner，adopt kids-usually termed as single parent adoption．

Grandparent-led Family （The Wrinkled Affection!）
Lots of grandparents are raising their grandchildren today．Reasons can be varied，like parents'death，or unfit parents．Many grandparents need to go back to their working phase for finding a source of income to raise their grandchildren．

Blended （混合的） and Step Family （Sometimes the Black Sheep Type!）
Two separate families blending together to form a single unit can lead to the creation of a blended or step family．Step families are becoming common in America．Over half of the marriages en in divorce，and many of these individuals prefer getting remarried，thereby creating the step family．It can consist of a new husband，a wife，and their children from previous relationships or marriages．These families have more problems because their kids do not get comfortable，and have adjustment and discipline issues．

Extended Family （The More，The Merrier!）
An extended family is the one that enlarges beyond the immediate family，which can consist of grandparents，uncles，aunts，cousins and so on，living under a single roof．There are certain advantages to such family groups．The members （especially children） feel more secure and safe due to elder guidance and sharing of resources during a crisis，and have more role models to help maintain desired etiquette and values．

Childless Family （Child-free Companions!）
While most people think of family as including children，there are couples who are very young and intend to have children later，or those who cannot，or choose not to have children．This type is also called the"forgotten family"，as it does not meet the set in definition of family．It has been observed that many of the childless families own pets or have external contacts with their nieces and nephews as a substitute for having their own children．

As you can see，there are various family structures．The American society tends to promote the traditional family through various media； children who fall under other categories may feel that theirs is not a real family．They may get self-conscious about being part of a family which is"different"．In some cases，they might face social challenges，too．
25．All of the following may contribute to a single parent family EXCEPTA．
A．a bad-tempered parent
B．a broken marriage
C．the death of one parent
D．a single adult adopting a child
26．According to the passage，in grandparent-led families，D．
A．the children gain more respect from society
B．the children face more challenges in society
C．the"parents"give more guidance to children
D．the"parents"have to work again to raise children
27．What kind of family is most likely to keep a pet？C
A．A nuclear family．
B．An extended family．
C．A childless family．
D．A step family．
28．What might be the best title for the passage？A
A．Types of family structures in America
B．Life in a typical American family
C．Family structures matter a lot in America
D．Different families have different values and needs．

13．Jazz composer（作曲家），saxophonist（萨克斯管演奏家）and bandleader Benny Carter died in Los Angeles，California in July．He was most famous for the saxophone，but he could also play the piano and other instruments．
He was born in New York City in 1907．His mother and music teachers who lived nearby taught him to ply the piano and trumpet（小号）．He started the saxophone as a teenager．
In 1935he moved to London，England．There，he formed a musical group that had members of different races and nationalities．This was quite unusual at that time．Benny Carter returned to the United States in 1942．He began writing music for movies．He also produced a major collection of jazz albums，including recordings by other artists．
Benny Carter is considered the main developer of the big band swing style of jazz．He was presented with a Grammy award for lifetime achievement in 1987．He won two more Grammies later．And in 2000，President Bill Clinton awarded him the National Medal of Arts．
Musicians of his time called Benny Carter"The King"When he died，music producer Quincy Jones said，" A big，big person walked out of the room．"
68．The best title for the text might beA．
A．A Brief Introduction to Benny Carter
B．Developer of the Big Band Swing Style of Jazz
C．A Famous Composer Benny Carter
D．A Saxophonist and bandleader Benny Carter．
69．Benny Carter was presented with a Grammy award for lifetime achievement in 1987mainly becauseC．
A．he wrote a lot of music for movies
B．he produced a major collection of jazz albums
C．he was the main developer of the big band swing style of jazz．
D．he was good at composing and playing instruments．
70．Why did musicians of his time call Benny Carter"The King"？B
A．Because they envied him very much．
B．Because they respected him for his talent in music．
C．Because he was awarded by the President．
D．Because he treated different races and nationalities fairly
71．The underlined sentence"A big，big person walked out of the room．"MeansB．
A．A very tall and fat man stepped out of the house
B．A very famous musician passed away．
C．A very big person came out of the room for a walk．
D．A very gifted man gave up his career for ever．

20．Dogs are social animals and without proper training，they will behave like wild animals．They will spoil your house，destroy your belongings，bark excessively，fight other dogs and even bite you．Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing．The key to preventing or treating behavior problems is learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets（出口，表现机会） that are acceptable in the domestic setting（驯养的环境）．
One of the best things you can do for your dog and yourself is to train its obedience．Obedience training doesn't solve all behavior problems，but it is the foundation for solving just about any problem．Training opens up a line of communication between you and your dog．Effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do．
Training is also an easy way to establish the social rank order．When your dog obeys a simple request of"come here，sit，"it is showing obedience and respect for you．It is not necessary to establish yourself as top dog or leader of the pack（群）by using extreme measure．You can teach your dog its subordinate（从属的）role by teaching it to show submission to you．Most dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accept that you are in charge．
Training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog．It can enrich your relationship and make living together more enjoyable．A well-trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal．

32．Why do pet dogs love performing tricks for their masters？D．
A．To avoid being punished．
B．To show their affection for their masters．
C．To win leadership of the dog pack．
D．To show their willingness to obey．
33．The primary purpose of obedience training is toC．
A．teach the dog to perform clever tricks
B．make the dog aware of its owner's authority
C．provide the dog with outlets for its wild behavior
D．enable the dog to regain its normal behavior
34．Effective communication between a dog and its owner isB．
A．essential to solving the dog's behavior problems
B．the foundation for dogs to perform tasks
C．a good way to teach the dog new tricks
D．an extreme measure in obedience training
35．When a dog has received effective obedience training，its ownerC．
A．can give the dog more rewards
B．will enjoy a better family life
C．can give the dog more freedom
D．will have more confidence in himself．

10．As t wages were low，there were fewapplicants（申请人）for the job．

17．The plane crashed killing all 157passengersaboard（在船，飞机，车上）

14．In one study，college students who had important and reality-based conversations were more content than their peers who changed mere amusing remarks．But don't deny small talks just yet．
Psychologists have long said that connecting with others is important to well-being，but just how much conversation we require is under investigation．In one study，researchers overheard（偷听） undergraduates for four days，and then cataloged each overheard conversation as either"small talks"（"What do you have done？Popcorn？Yummy!"） or"substantive"（实质性的交流）（"So did they get divorced soon after？"）．They found that the second type correlated（相关） with happiness-the happiest students had roughly twice as many substantive talks as the unhappiest ones．Small talks，meanwhile，made up only 10percent of their conversation，versus almost 30percent of their conversation among the least content students．
But don't deny small talks just yet．Scientists believe that small talks could promote bonding．Researchers found that a small talk maintains closeness with loved ones after studying ring-tailed lemurs'（环尾弧猴） call-and-response conversations，similar to human small talks．Still，joking with strangers could brighten your morning．In a series of experiments，those bus-takers told to chat with others are reported a more pleasant journey than those told to"enjoy your solitude"or to do whatever they normally would．Small talks can also help us feel connected to our surroundings．People who smiled at，made eye contact with，and briefly spoke with their Starbucks baristas （咖啡师） reported a greater sense of belonging than those who rushed through the transaction．
Of course，some of us are better than others at turning small talks into something bigger．All the differences come to what researchers call"a curious mindset"．
So go ahead to talk and inquire．Small talks needn't be idle．And being curious about others'business isn't all bad．

28．According to the second paragraph，we can know thatC．
A．we can deny small talks because substantive talks are more important．
B．People who make more small talks are much happier than those making substantive talks．
C．the well-being is built largely due to the percentage of our substantive talks．
D．the least content students have twice the amount of small talks than those content students．
29．The benefits of small talks are the following EXCEPTD．
A．It can make the bonding between people much closer
B．It can shorten the distance between strangers and make the journey pleasant
C．It makes us feel connected with the surroundings
D．You can get more free cups of coffee from Starbucks baristas
30．What's the author's attitude to small talks？B
A．Negative．B．Supportive．C．Neutral．D．Critical．
31．The text mainly tells us thatA．
A．small talks are important in communication
B．substantive talks make people happier than small talks
C．small talks and substantive talks are equally important in life
D．substantive talks are important in communication．

15．What is TrackR？
TrackR is the simplest way to find lost or misplaced items．Join the millions of people who are connected to their most important items．
Order a TrackR today and never lose anything again．
1．
Distance indicator

Hotter？Colder？As you search for your item，the TrackR app will show if you're getting closer to the annoying remote-controller．
2．Item ringer

Just tap the item ringer to make TrackR ring your missing item．No more keys lost underneath a pile of mail．
3．
Phone finder

Can't find your phone？We make finding your phone a snap．Just press the button on your TrackR device to ring your phone-even on silent．
4．
Crowd GPS Network

Lost something？TrackR's crowd-sourced network will help you find it．When another TrackR user is within Bluetooth range of your lost item，you will receive a location

5．Separation Alarms

Don′t forget your ogone!Custom separation alarms remind you when you′re about to leave your item behind．

6．Wallet-thin design

TrackR′s smooth anodized aluminum（电镀铝） construction makes it slim and durable．

21．What do you think is the passage？B
A．Descriptions of several products．B．An advertisement of a product．
C．An introduction to lost items．D．Directions of a new item．
22．How many functions does a TrackR have？C
A．Three．B．Four．C．Five．D．Six．
23．Which of the following can replace the underlined"a snap"in the passage？A
A．An easy job．B．A necessary task．
C．An available method D．A quiet action．

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