阅读理解。

A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-month-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common.After all,the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world,and the baby is,well, just playing…right?Perhaps,but some developmental psychologists(心理学家)have argued that this“play”is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.

Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table.Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge,itfalls to the ground—and, in the process, it brings out important evidence about how physical objects interact (相互作用); bowls of rice do not float in mid-air, but require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowing this basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though their ranges and tools differ, the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim(to learn about the natural world), overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world), and logic (are my observations what I expected?).

Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way—that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has, for example, unlike the child, Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate.

Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn,but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort—the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world—is simply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution (进化) provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive (认知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it,”It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.”

1.According to some developmental psychologists, .

A. a baby’s play is nothing more than a game.

B. scientific research into babies’ games is possible

C. the nature of babies’ play has been thoroughly investigated

D. a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment

2.We learn from Paragraph 2 that .

A. scientists and babies seem to observe the world differently

B. scientists and babies often interact with each other

C. babies are born with the knowledge of object support

D. babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do

3.Children may learn the rules of language by .

A. exploring the physical world B. investigating human psychology

C. repeating their own experiments D. observing their parents’ behaviors

4.What is themain idea of the last paragraph?

A. The world may be more clearly explained through children’s play.

B. Studying babies’ play may lead to a better understanding of science.

C. Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.

D. One’s drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.

5.What is the author’s tone when he discusses the connection between scientists’ research and babies’ play?

A. Convincing. B. Confused.

C. Confident. D. Cautious.

阅读短文,并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

I’m a 34-year-old man, married, lived in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational consultant. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from an early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school days in public schools.

My life improved remarkably when I discovered art. The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words. I went to a workshop and gradually got good at making things with clay(黏土). Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled as I was in language, I could still be smart and well express myself with clay. And my confidence came along.

I got my next lesson from rock climbing. It was a fun thing but I was scared from the start. I soon noticed it wasn’t a talent thing; it was practice. So I did it more. After about five years of climbing, I found myself in Yosemite Valley on a big wall. I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.

Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. Every day I practiced

reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two hard years, I was literate.

Having gone through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I’ve got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting.

1.What made the author’s school days difficult? (No more than 5 words)

2.Why did art give the author confidence? (No more than 10 words)

3.What lesson did the author learn from rock climbing? (No more than 15 words)

4.What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 4? (No more than 5 words)

5.How does the author’s story inspire you to overcome difficulties in life? Put it in your own words. (No more than 20 words)

完形填空

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。

My father often works very hard. And he has _________ to see a film. Here I’ll tell you _________ about him.

One afternoon, when he finished his work and _________ go home, he found a film ticket under the _________ on his desk. He thought he _________ to have not much work to do that day and _________ was quite wonderful to pass the _________ at the cinema. So he came back home and _________ finished his supper. Then he said _________ to us and left.

But to our _________ , he came back about half an hour later, I _________ him what was the matter. He smiled and told us about _________ funny thing that had happened at the cinema.

When my father was sitting in his seat, a _________ came to my father’s and said that the seat was _________ . My father was surprised. He took out the ticket _________ looked at it carefully. It was Row17, _________ . And then he looked at the seat. It was the same. So he asked her _________ her ticket. She took out the ticket at once and the seat shown in it was Row 17, Seat 3. _________ ? What’s the matter with all this? While they were wondering suddenly the woman said, “The _________ of the tickets are different.” So they looked at the ticket more carefully. After a while, my father said, “Oh, _________ , I made a mistake. My ticket is for the film a month ago. Take this seat, please.” With these words, he left the cinema.

1.A. little money B. much money C. little time D. much time

2.A. a funny story B. a good story C. an old story D. a strange story

3.A. was to B. was about to C. had to D. ought

4.A. box B. book C. glass D. paper

5.A. happened B. liked C. pretended D. wanted

6.A. it B. this C. that D. which

7.A. morning B. afternoon C. day D. evening

8.A. early B. quietly C. quickly D. suddenly

9.A. hello B. good-bye C. good evening D. good night

10.A. disappointment B. joy C. sorrow D. surprise

11.A. asked B. explained C. told D. wanted

12.A. a B. one C. some D. the

13.A. man B. woman C. doctor D. nurse

14.A. hers B. his C. taken D. wrong

15.A. and B. but C. or D. so

16.A. Seat1 B. Seat2 C. Seat3 D. Seat4

17.A. it bring B. to get C. to see D. to show

18.A. Why B. How C. When D. where

19.A. designs B. colors C. prices D. owners

20.A. I’m sad B. I’m sorry C. I’m wrong D. I’m worried

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