Question

【题目】任务型阅读

请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最适当的单词。注意：每空一个单词。

Why Blue LED Lights Won the Nobel

The 2014 Nobel Prize in physics went to three scientists who gave lighting a big change by inventing blue LED lights. A big change in lighting efficiency is under way around the world.

Save and green

LEDs use less energy than other forms of lighting. A typical LED bulb(灯泡) can produce around 83 lumens per watt — a measure of how much brightness you can get from a unit of electrical power — much more efficient than other lighting facilities.

LEDs produce light by passing electric current through a semiconductor, while traditional bulbs pass current through a wire. The wasted heat energy is chiefly why traditional bulbs are so much less efficient.

LEDs also last about 30 times longer than traditional bulbs, and many LED bulb products promise up to 25,000 hours of use — more than 17 years if you used one for about four hours a day.

Lighting the world

The lighting transformation is not only in homes. LEDs are also being used for street lights, public holiday and decorative displays, commercial buildings, and other large energy users.

Car lighting is another application where LEDs are making progress. LEDs used to be used only for daytime running lights, but now many new cars have LED headlights for night-time use.

LEDs also hold promise for bringing light to the more than 1.5 billion people around the world without access to electricity, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences noted. Indeed, several proposed solutions to energy poverty include the distribution of LED lights, particularly solar-powered ones.

Digital displays

Without blue LEDs, the world wouldn’t have back-lit smart phones, TV and computer LCD screens, blu-ray(蓝光) players, many forms of lighting, and countless other products.

In the electronics industry, LEDs provide back lighting for LCD screens in many smart phones, laptops, and televisions. The LEDs are more energy efficient and allow for very thin displays.

Blu-ray players use blue LED lasers(激光) to read data off a digital optical disc. When these systems switched from using an infrared(红外线) laser to a blue LED laser, it became possible to store five to 10 times as much data.

LEDs are now being explored for their potential uses to transmit(传送) data from the Internet across open space, similar to WiFi. Such a system could transmit a lot more data than WiFi alone. This high bandwidth is possible because LEDs can turn on and off millions of times per second.

The rise of LED lighting came at a time when people were just starting to be concerned about global warming. Because of LEDs’ energy efficiency, using them for the world’s lighting would affect environmental protection in a positive way.

Why Blue LED Lights Won the Nobel

The reason why blue LED lights won the 2014 Nobel Prize in physics is that they are to 【1】______ in big changes in lighting.
Save and green	【2】_______ with other forms of lighting, LEDs are much more efficient because of the different ways they pass electric current. What’s more, LED bulbs can be 【3】_______ 30 times longer than traditional bulbs.
Lighting the world	【4】_______ from household applications of LED bulbs, they can also be used as street lights and car headlights.
	Because of their high efficiency, LEDs, especially solar-powered ones, 【5】_______ to light areas without access to electricity.
Digital displays	Many smart phones, laptops and televisions use LEDs to back-light their LCD【6】_______.
	By using blue LED lasers, blu-ray players are likely to store 【7】________ data.
	People are now exploring more 【8】_______ uses of LEDs such as transmitting data.
【9】_______	LED lighting will have a positive 【10】________ on environmental protection.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】result

【2】Compared

【3】used

【4】Apart/Aside

【5】promise

【6】screens

【7】more

【8】potential

【9】Conclusion

【10】impact/influence/effect

【解析】

试题分析：本文作者讲述了一篇关于led灯的说明文，并介绍了它获得诺贝尔奖的原因。

【1】result 考查信息转换题。根据文章的第一句话The 2014 Nobel Prize in physics went to three scientists who gave lighting a big change by inventing blue LED lights 2014年的诺贝尔物理学奖颁发给了三个发明LED灯从而改变了照明的科学家。可以知道这三个科学家发明了LED等从而改变了照明，结合题意，可以推测出该空的意思是导致，result in导致、带来故填result。

【2】Compared考查信息转换题。根据文章Save and Green部分的LEDs use less energy than other forms of lighting LEDs和其他形式的灯相比使用更少的能量。根据空后的with判断此处“和……相比”compare with，故填Compared。

【3】used考查信息转换题。根据Save and green 部分的LEDs also last about 30 times longer than traditional bulbsLEDs灯泡比传统灯泡能持续大约30倍的时间。故填used。

【4】Apart/Aside考查信息转换题。根据文章第五段The lighting application is not only in homes. LEDs are also being used for street lights, public holiday and decorative displays, commercial buildings, and other large energy users.照明不止应用在家，LED还可以用于街灯，公共节日和装饰性展览、商业写字楼和其他大型的能量使用。可以知道这个空指的是除……之外，故用Apart/Aside。

【5】promise考查信息提取题。根据文章第六段第一句LEDs also hold promise for bringing light to the more than 1.5 billion people around the world without access to electricity, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences noted. LED灯具有希望给世界上超过15亿无法用电的人口带来光明，瑞典皇家科学院说。故填promise。

【6】screens考查信息提取题。第八段第一句Without blue LEDs, the world wouldn’t have back-lit smart phones, TV and computer LCD screens,没有LED蓝光技术，世界不会产生背光智能手机、电视和电脑LCD屏幕，故填screens。

【7】more考查信息提取题。根据文章第十段第二句When these systems switched from using an infrared(红外线) laser to a blue LED laser, it became possible to store five to 10 times as much data.当这些系统转由红外线激光转化成蓝色LED激光，它就能存上5-10倍多的数据。故填more。

【8】potential考查信息提取题。are now being explored for their potential to transmit(传送) data from the Internet across open space, similar to WiFi. LED现在正在被开发和wifi相似的，从网络传递数据的潜力。故填potential。

【9】Conclusion考查信息总结题。根据文章最后一段的Because of LEDs’ energy efficiency, using them for the world’s lighting would affect environmental protection in a positive way. 因为LED的结冷，使用它们为世界照明将会对社会产生极大的影响。这是本文所得出的最后结论，故填Conclusion。

【10】impact/influence/effect考查信息提取题。根据文章最后一句Because of LEDs’ energy efficiency, using them for the world’s lighting would have “an extreme impact” on society.因为LED的结冷，使用它们为世界照明将会对社会产生极大的影响。故填impact/influence/effect。