题目内容

8.Some people are calling it the greatest medical breakthrough so far this century.Surgeons in Spain have successfully carried out the world's first organ transplant using new stem cell technology.
But what are stem cells?Most cells in out bodies are designed to serve specific purposes-for example,a liver cell develops to work in the liver and cannot become a heart cell.
But stem cells are different.They are very young,and in the laboratory scientists can grow them into different types of cell.
Claudia Castillo needed a new windpipe after suffering from tuberculosis.Scientists from the  University of Bristol in the UK took a donor (捐献的) windpipe,from someone who had recently died.
They used strong chemicals to remove the donor's cells.This was done with cells from Ms  Castillo's windpipe and nose,and stem cells from her bone marrow.After four days the cells had grown sufficiently for the windpipe to be transplanted into Ms Castillo.
Currently,transplant patients have to take drugs for the rest of their lives to prevent their bodies  rejecting the new organs.These drugs can have bad side-effects,and do not always prevent rejection.
But by using Ms Castillo's own cells,doctors were able to trick her body into thinking the new windpipe was her own organ.Five months on,Claudia Castillo is in perfect health.
This ground-breaking procedure could be used in other transplant operations in the future.Scientists also believe stem cells might be used to treat Parkinson's disease,Alzheimer's disease,heart disease,stroke,arthritis,diabetes,burns and spinal cord damage.
However,stem cell research is extremely controversial.The most effective stem cells do not come from adults but from embryos (胚胎) created in laboratories and which are just a few days old.Many people have religious or ethical objections to growing embryos,even if they can be used to cure diseases.

66.The underlined word"it"in the first paragraph probably meansB.
A.the way to develop the stem cell
B.the first organ transplant with the new technology
C.a new technology that can cure all diseases
D.the discovery of a new stem cell
67.According to the text,stem cellsC.
A.are the most successful medical breakthrough
B.are not designed to serve special aims
C.can be developed into various cells
D.only come from donors
68.Which of the following is Not True about Claudia Castillo?D
A.Her operation had been done successfully.
B.Drugs were used in her transplant.
C.Her own cells were used in the transplant.
D.She was tricked by the scientists.
69.It can be inferred from the text thatA.
A.transplant operations could be widely used with time going on
B.drugs taken by transplant patients have few bad side-effects
C.most people are strongly against growing embryos
D.scientists believe stem cells are the best choice now
70.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?C
A.A Lucky Patient                    B.Stem Cell Research
C.The New Stem Cell Technology       D.Arguments Against Organ Transplant.

分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了医生成功地利用了新的干细胞技术成功地进行了世界上第一次器官移植,干细胞移植可能随着时间的推移广泛应用.

解答 66.B.词义猜测题.根据文章第一段"Surgeons in Spain have successfully carried out the world's first organ transplant using new stem cell technology"西班牙的外科医生成功地利用了新的干细胞技术成功地进行了世界上第一次器官移植;可知是指器官移植的新技术;故选B.
67.C.细节理解题.根据文章第三段"But stem cells are different.They are very young,and in the laboratory scientists can grow them into different types of cell"可知干细胞可开发成各种细胞;故选C.
68.D.细节理解题.根据文章倒数第三段"doctors were able to trick her body into thinking the new windpipe was her own organ.Five months on,Claudia Castillo is in perfect health"医生能够让她的身体变成了思维的新的气管被自己的机关.五个月后,Claudia Castillo在完美的康复;可知医生欺骗了她是错误的;故选D.
69.A.推理判断题.根据文章倒数第二段"This ground-breaking procedure could be used in other transplant operations in the future"可知干细胞移植可能随着时间的推移广泛应用;故选A.
70.C.标题推断题.通读全文,可知文章主要讲了医生成功地利用了新的干细胞技术成功地进行了世界上第一次器官移植,干细胞移植可能随着时间的推移广泛应用;因此最佳标题为新的干细胞技术;故选C.

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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16.One often hears it said that travel broadens the mind.But does this always happen?
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There are some travelers who adapt themselves so successfully to foreign customs and habits that they get the severe criticisms of their more stubborn fellow-countrymen.If they are Asians,they are accused of having become"Westernized",and if they are Europeans,people say they have"gone native".
Perhaps the ideal would be if travel could succeed m making people tolerate the habits and customs of others without abandoning their own.The criterion for judging a foreigner could be"Does he try to be polite and considerate to others?"instead of"Is he like me?
66.The author mentions his acquaintance's travel to showC.
    A.the breakfasts are terrible in France
    B.the English style of life is better
    C.travel can't always broaden one's mind
    D.it is not easy to get used to the life in France
67.The better educated peopleA    
    A.are adapted easily to foreign customs and habits
    B.always judge things from their own viewpoints
    C.never have an open mind to different cultures
    D.tend to compare two kinds of habits and customs
68.Which of the following can best replace of the underlined phrase"done away with"in Paragraph 4?D   
    A.put up with      B.taken place of        C.made up for      D.got rid of
69.According to Paragraph 5,those who adapt themselves successfully areB.
    A.better understood                   B.sometimes criticized
    C.well accepted                       D.never tolerated
70.We can infer from the text thatB.
    A.cultural differences are never tolerated in all countries
    B."travel broadens the mind sometimes doesn't make sense
    C.cultural differences are not difficult to be adapted to
    D.one should try to copy foreign customs when travelling.
3.The day was warm and the sun shone down like a new beginning on my life.I was waving goodbye to my son,the last one of my fledglings (刚会飞的鸟)to leave home and go to new woods."University actually"I felt so lighthearted after spending many years looking after my four children-cooking,washing,ironing,teaching them how to look after themselves and manage their financcs-that I nctually thought"At long last,freedom".
But,as I watched my last one leave,although it was a joyous occasion,I realized I had not really prepared for this day,I was too tied up with bringing up these adults of the future to realize that they would all leave the nest and lives independently.
At first I didn't know what"I"wanted to do.I tried a part time job,which ended in me running out in tears.I started a business making soft furnishings,but that didn't work either.I got my own veggies and fruit,which lasted 3years,until I was advised by my doctor that my feet couldn't take any more"tools"driven through them.
It began wondering if I did have a future of my own,I cried for the life I was used to,and hadn't known or wanted anything different.
Then one day I saw an advert for foster parents,I discussed it with my husband who was always behind everything I tried and with great disturbance I rang up the number.
I now laugh and sing with my 14-year-old foster daughter,even when my cooker is a mess and my bathroom is a disaster area.I now know,8years later,what"I"was meant to be doing with all the spare hours,days,and weeks I had on my hands when my hands when my last fledgling flew thenest.The sun shines once again in my home.

56.How did the mother first feel when her last child went off to university?C
A.Lonely. B.Anxious. C.Relieved. D.Annoyed.
57.The underlined phrase"was tied up with"in the second paragraph means"A".
A.was occupied in
B.was associated with
C.was tired of
D.was addicted to
58.In the third paragraph,the poor mother did all the things just toC.
A.live a greener and healthier life
B.earn more money for her kids'education
C.shift her attention and case her anxiety
D.start her own decorating business
59.What did the empty-nested mother think of her husband?B
A.Skilled  B.Supportive  C.Stubborn  D.Open-minded
60.Thanks to the foster daughter,the authorD.
A.got rid of her busy work
B.forgot her other children
C.found a suitable job
D.knew what she really wanted.
13.Almost 200 countries met for two weeks in Copenhagen,Denmark at a United Nations conference on climate change.It was due to conclude a deal designed to set a carbon cutting framework to cover 2012-2050.In the end,only five of them reached an agreement:the United States,China,India,Brazil and South Africa.
President Obama praised the agreement last Friday.He said,"Many people are disappointed in the agreement,but the compromise is better than nothing."
The voluntary agreement,known as the Copenhagen Accord,urges major polluters to make deeper cuts in the emission(排放) of greenhouse gases.Greenhouse gas emissions,such as carbon dioxide,are partly created by burning oil and coal for transportation and electricity.
The agreement sets targets to prevent the Earth's average temperature from rising more than two degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.And the plan calls for 100 billion dollars a year in aid to poor nations to deal with climate change.This would start in 2020.
But the agreement is not legally binding(约束).It fails to set detailed targets for cuts in carbon emissions.And it failed to earn the support of all the nations at the talks.
India's environment minister praised the united position taken by India,China,Brazil and South Africa.He said it permitted them to avoid the legally binding targets and international supervision proposed by developed countries.
India has promised to cut emissions by at least twenty percent but they say rich nations created the problem,so they should take most of the responsibility for reducing greenhouse gases.
China rejected accusations that it was responsible for the results at Copenhagen.A Foreign Ministry spokeswoman said developed countries didn't perform well at the talks.She said China has taken its own measures to fight climate change and supports pressing ahead with international cooperation.
China and other large developing countries have accused rich nations of failing to offer big enough cuts in their own emissions.They also say wealthy nations did not offer enough money and technology to help poor countries deal with climate change.
In Europe,politicians and environmentalists expressed deep disappointment that world leaders failed to reach a stronger agreement.United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-moon says the Copenhagen Accord is only a beginning,and that he will work with world leaders to reach a legally binding treaty(条约) in the coming months.

72.What's the main purpose of the Copenhagen conference?B
A. To sign the Copenhagen Accord.
B. To reach a legally binding agreement on cutting carbon emissions.
C. To discuss measures of controlling the world climate change.
D. To prevent the Earth,s average temperature from rising.
73.Which is true about the agreement,the Copenhagen Accord?D
A. It will collect﹩100 billion to help poor countries to deal with climate change.
B. It has earned the support of all the nations at the conference.
C. It has set detailed targets for big enough cuts in carbon emissions.
D. It is far from a satisfactory agreement,which should be legally binding.
74.Which of the following is NOT China's attitude towards the issue of climate change?A
A. China should be responsible for the result of the world climate change.
B. Rich countries should offer more money to help poor ones deal with climate change.
C. China supports pressing ahead with international cooperation to fight climate change.
D. Major polluters should make deeper cuts in the emission of greenhouse gases.
75.By saying"the Copenhagen Accord is only a beginning",Ban Ki-moon implies thatA.
A.there is still a long way to go
B.there is little hope to realize the goal
C.too little is achieved at this conference
D.he is disappointed with the world leaders.
20.Though in a digital age,college students nowadays are still holding fast to traditional books.According to the National Association of College Stores,digital books make up just under 3% of textbook sales,although the association expects that share to grow to 10% to 15% by 2012 as more titles are made available as e-books.However,three-quarters of the students,who grew up learning from print books,say that they are unwilling to give up the ability to turn over quickly between chapters,write in the edges and highlight passages.
The new technology has produced various options for students.College Booksellers,which operates 636 campus bookstores nationwide,is now marketing its new software application,which allows students to read e-textbooks on PCs.The company introduced the free application last summer in hopes of attracting more students to buy its electronic textbooks."Now the biggest barrier is getting them to try it,"said the company's vice president.
But not every textbook is available in digital or rental format.Generally,an e-textbook is cheaper than a used book,though more expensive than a rental.The expense of college textbooks has become a great concern and teachers from over 40 colleges nationwide are encouraged to assign texts that are less expensive,or to offer them free online.As the buy-back price drops greatly and quickly,some professors suggest that the book stores should not have the last say and there should be something for students to decide by themselves.
72.College students prefer traditional books mainly because theyA
A.want to keep the ability of reading print hooks
B.have the habit of turning over quickly between pages
C.find it interesting to keep notes in the edges of books
D.feel more relaxed to read print materials
73.Which of the following is NOT true according to the 2nd paragraph?C.
A.College Booksellers operates more than 600 bookstores in campus
B.The free application was introduced to increase sales of electronic textbooks
C.Campus students now fancy a try of the free software application
D.The company's management still has to do more to sell the e-books
74.We can learn from the passage thatD.
A.second-hand books are cheaper than rental books
B.all the textbooks have both the digital and rental formats
C.the price totally determines the student's selection of books
D.the price of buy-back books are determined by book stores
75.The best title for the text would beB.
A.Addiction to Traditional Books            
B.Print Books in a Digital World
C.More Texts in Digital Format              
D.Book Price Drops Sharply and Quickly.
17.Play is the basic business of childhood,and in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being.From earliest infancy (婴儿),every child needs opportunity and right materials for play,and the main tools of play are toys.The main function of toys is to suggest,encourage and play.To succeed in this,they must be good toys,which children will play with often,and will come back again and again.Therefore,it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child's development.
In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach,within the range of his inherited abilities,is largely determined in the first three years of his life.So a baby's ability to benefit from the right play materials should not be underestimated.A baby who is encouraged,talked to and shown things and played with,has the best chance of growing up successfully.
In the next stage,from three to five years old,curiosity knows no bounds.Every type of suitable toys should be made available to the child,for trying out,experimenting and learning,for discovering his own particular ability:Bricks and jigsaws and construction toys; painting,scribbling and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play-the first social games for learning to play and get on with others.
But at the third stage of play development-from five to seven or eight years old-the child is at school.But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning,at home or at school.It is easier to see which type of toys the child most enjoys.
Until the age of seven or eight,play and work mean much the same to a child.But once reading has been mastered,then books become the main source of learning.Toys are still interesting and valuable,which lead up to new hobbies,but their significance has changed to a child of nine or ten years old,toys and games mean,as to adults,relaxation and fun.
49.According to the first passage we know that as a child grows upD.
A.he should be allowed to choose his own toys.
B.he should be given the same toys.
C.he should be given fewer and fewer toys.
D.he should be given different toys.
50.According to the passage,the abilities a child has inherited from his parentsC.
A.determine his character
B.will not change after the age of three.
C.partly determined the standard he is likely to reach
D.to a large extent determine the choice of toys
51.We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosityB.
A.when he is two                    
B.when he is around four
C.when he is six                     
D.when he is eight
52.The passage is mainly aboutA.
A.the role of play in a child's development
B.the importance of schooling
C.the importance of pre-school education
D.the choice of toys for youngster.

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