题目内容

【题目】根据短文理解，选择正确答案。
Our risk of cancer rises dramatically as we age. So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumors — or doesn't it?
While such vigilant(警觉的) tracking of cancer is a good thing in general, researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly. With the percentage of people over age 65 expected to nearly double by 2050, it's important to weigh the health benefits of screening against the risks and costs of routine testing.
In many cases, screening can lead to additional biopsies(活检) and surgeries to remove cancer, which can cause side effects, while the cancers themselves may be slow-growing and may not pose serious health problems in patients' remaining years. But the message that everyone must screen for cancer has become so ingrained(根深蒂固的) that when health care experts recommended that women under 50 and over 74 stop screening for breast cancer, it caused a riotous reaction among doctors, patients and advocacy groups.
It's hard to uproot deeply held beliefs about cancer screening with scientific data. Certainly, there are people over age 75 who have had cancers detected by routine screening, and gained several extra years of life because of treatment. And clearly, people over age 75 who have other risk factors for cancer, such as a family history or prior personal experience with the disease, should continue to get screened regularly. But for the remainder, the risk of cancer, while increased at the end of life, must be balanced with other factors like remaining life expectancy(预期寿命).
A recent study suggests that doctors start to make more objective decisions about who will truly benefit from screening—especially considering the explosion of the elderly that will soon swell our population.
It's not an easy calculation to make, but one that make sense for the whole patient. Dr. Otis Brawley said, “Many doctors are ordering these tests purely to cover themselves. We need to think about the rational(合理的) use of health care and stop talking about the rationing of health care.”
That means making some difficult decisions with elderly patients, and going against the misguided belief that when it comes to health care, more is always better.
（1）Why do doctors recommend routine cancer screening for elderly people?
A.It is believed to contribute to long life.
B.It is part of their health care package.
C.The elderly are more sensitive about their health.
D.The elderly are in greater danger of tumor(肿瘤) growth.
（2）How do some researchers now look at routine cancer screening for the elderly?
A.It adds too much to their medical bills.
B.It helps increase their life expectancy.
C.They are doubtful about necessity.
D.They think it does more than good.
（3）What is the conventional view about women screening for breast cancer?
A.It applies to women over 50.
B.It is a must for adult women.
C.It is optional for young women.
D.It doesn't apply to women over 74.
（4）Why do many doctors prescribe routine screening for cancer?
A.They want to protect themselves against medical disputes.
B.They want to take advantage of the medical care system.
C.They want data for medical research.
D.They want their patients to suffer less.

【答案】
（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，随着年纪的增大，患癌的风险也急剧增加，因此老年人定期进行癌症筛查成为一种根深蒂固的观念，但研究人员质疑这些测试是否必要，其实很多测试是医生用来保护自己而让患者做的。

⑴考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”Our risk of cancer rises dramatically as we age. So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumors — or doesn't it.“可知，随着年龄增长，我们患癌的风险急剧增加。因此老年人应该进行常规检查以防肿瘤是有道理的。故选D。

⑵考查细节理解题。根据第二段中的”While such vigilant(警觉的) tracking of cancer is a good thing in general, researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly.“可知，尽管总的来说对癌症这样警觉是好事，但研究者们越来越质疑对老年人来说，所有这些测试是否必要。故选C。

⑶考查推理判断题。根据第三段中的”But the message that everyone must screen for cancer has become so ingrained“可知，每个人必须检查防癌的这个想法是如此根深蒂固，所以B项“对于成年女性这是必须的”是女性乳腺癌筛查的传统观点。故选B。

⑷考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的”Many doctors are ordering these tests purely to cover themselves.“可知，许多医生让进行这么多测试纯粹是为了保护自己。cover对应选项中的protect，是“保护”的意思。故选A。

练习册系列答案
相关题目

【题目】语法填空
Do your family often take a trip? For most families, a trip in a car to an unfamiliar (不熟悉的) area often goes with the question about which way (take). This is not the case, however, in the Williams family. They never get (lose) when five-year-old Daniel is with them. That's because Daniel has the unbelievable(able) to tell them the best way to get from one place to another anywhere in England and what's more, he doesn't need a map-he can do itthinking.
Daniel(be) interested in place names since he first learned to talk. When he was about three, he started asking his parents questions about how the roads they drove along joined up, andsoon became obvious that he had a super memory for maps. He had no difficulty(remember) the roads he saw from the car window.
Now, after school, Daniel's (favor) game is drawing maps of the road systems in the places he hasn't visited. His parents have no idea where his particular talent comes fromno one else in the family has it. Although he has other(hobby) Daniel's greatest goal in life is to become a mapmaker.

【题目】It's certain that we are ________ to having a clean and beautiful home in the future because some special projects are ________ to protect the environment.
A.under way; on the way
B.in the way; on the way
C.on the way; by the way
D.on the way; under way

【题目】语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nearly all of us have dreamed about winning the big prize in a lottery(彩票). We dream about we would do with the money, but we seldom stop to think about how the money would change us.
For most of us, our way of life is (close) connected with our social economy. The different parts of lives fit together like a jigsaw(拼板) — work, home, friends, hobbies and sports make up our world. A sudden fortune would change it all and break the jigsaw. For example, some people like the idea not having to work, but winners have found that without work there is no reason to get up in the morning. It seems great (move) to a bigger house in a wealthy area, if you do that, you leave old friends behind.
Usually, winners (advise) not to make their addresses and phone numbers known, but begging letters still arrive. they are not careful, most of their money will be spent the (protect) of their possessions(财产).

【题目】阅读理解
When milk arrived on the doorstep
When I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr.Basille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a 5-year-old boy, I couldn't take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.
Of course, he delivered more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note-"Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery"—and place it in the box along with the empty bottles. And then, the buttermilk would magically appear.
All of this was about more than convenience. There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr. Basille even had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldn't freeze. And I remember Mr. Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.
There is sadly no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete. Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practiced to have a delivery service.
Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and planted it on the back porch. Every so often my son's friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.
（1）Mr.Basille gave the boy a quarter out of his coin changer ________.
A.to show his magical power
B.to pay for the delivery
C.to please his mother
D.to satisfy his curiosity
（2）What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boy's house?
A.He wanted to have tea there.
B.He was fully trusted by the family.
C.He was treated as a family member.
D.He was a respectable person.
（3）Why does home milk delivery no longer exist?
A.It has been driven out of the market.
B.Nobody wants to be a milkman now.
C.Its service is getting poor.
D.It is forbidden by law.
（4）Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?
A.He planted flowers in it.
B.He wanted to tell interesting stories.
C.He needed it for his milk bottles.
D.He missed the good old days.

【题目】—Could you please feed my pet dog for me while I'm away?
—________.
A.It's a pleasure
B.My pleasure
C.With pleasure
D.You're welcome

【题目】下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在该漏字符号下写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（ \ ）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该横线下写上修改后的词。
注意：1)每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2)只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Once upon a time there was a boy who fond of reading. However, he was very poor to buy any books. That was the reason that he had to borrow books from a rich man who had a lot of books. The boy knew clearly that he has to finish reading the books he had borrowed and return it to the owner as soon as possible. A rich man, who was ready to lend any of his book to the boy, read few of his own books. With time going on, the boy read a lot but finally became a famous writer in his time. Though the rich man had such many books, he remained a man with little knowledge because of he seldom read his books.

【题目】根据短文理解，选择正确答案。
Children in the United States eat too much pizza that some researchers now argue the food should join the ranks of sugary drinks and fast food for the harm they do to health．
In a new study, the researchers found that pizza is a large source of calories, saturated fat(饱和脂肪)and salt in children's diets．Children should not eat more than two slices of pizza for a meal，and should pair that with salad, rather than with another high-calorie food，the researchers concluded．
“Parents should aim to control pizza consumption(消费), particularly as a snack where it was shown to have a very adverse impact on children, and they should put their pizza dollars toward healthier brands．”Said Lisa Powel, director of the Illinois Prevention Research Center．
Pizza has become a matter of focus in recent years for researchers who look at the meals children eat, rather than the nutrients within them．Studies have found pizza is among the greatest sources of calories for children．
“Since pizza remains a common part of children's diet, we need to make 'healthy' pizza．”Powel said．To make pizza healthier, food producers should reduce its saturated fat and salt, and increase its whole grain content,” she said．
Whether or not pizza is harmful enough to be picked out as an unhealthy food, the study attracts attention to a larger issue with the modern American lifestyle, said Alexis Tindall, who was not involved in the flow research. “Many foods are eaten too frequently and in large sizes,” said Tindall．To solve the problem, people don't have to give up eating pizza, but instead, they can eat smaller and healthier pizza，”she said．
“Make it at home, instead of ordering it out where you don't have any control over how it's made.” Tindall said. “When we make it at home, we can choose healthier ingredients，increase the vegetables, reduce fat, and put in less cheese．Pizza doesn't have to be just pepperoni(意大利辣香肠)and cheese．”
（1）According to the research, children shouldn't eat ．
A.more than two slices of pizza in a day
B.two slices of pizza for a meal
C.pizza along with salad
D.more pizza with French fries
（2）Powel suggests healthier pizza should be made ．
A.with more ingredients
B.with less salt
C.in smaller sizes
D.at home
（3）The last sentence of the passage implies that pepperoni and cheese ．
A.are necessary ingredients of pizza
B.are not the only healthy ingredients of pizza
C.should all be replaced with healthier ingredient．
D.should be reduced by adding healthier ingredients．
（4）What is the best title for the passage?
A.Pizza—a real junk food!
B.How to prepare better meals for your kids?
C.Discover the harm of eating pizza
D.Bring in healthier pizza for Americans

违法和不良信息举报电话：027-86699610 举报邮箱：58377363@163.com

精英家教网