题目内容

9.Some children show preferences for friends at an early age.At 9or 10,children become a were of differences,they begin to form cliques(圈子,派系).At l0 0r 12years of age,as they are separate from  parents,identification with peers may become enlarged and cliques may form and change frequently.At  middle and high school the issue of belonging becomes even more extraordinary and outstanding.
Cliques are small,particular groups of friends who share common characteristics and common interests(music,dress,sports,etc.).Each member is either directly or indirectly connected to other members.Cliques usually refer to groups of girls; however boys are also involved in cliques.There are  usually hierarchies(等级)of cliques among teens,from the populars to the losers,and there are often many  cliques in schools.
Normal adolescent(青少年的)development often circles around cliques-joining cliques,wanting  to join cliques,or being out of cliques.Cliques can have a strong positive effect on self-worth.They provide social occasions and help kids develop a sense of belonging  support and protection Cliques improve self-respect by making kids feel wanted,and they enable the cliques member to develop a sense of identity and to deal with social events around themselves.
While,cliques can be opposed to other kids and other cliques.In some cases cliques members can become harmful to outsiders by putting them down using teasing,backstabbing,and even violence.Although girls are socialized to suppress physical displays of violence,it can take the form of intimidating (恐吓人的)behavior.Cliques can pollute individuality and prevent members from mixing with members of other groups.They usually require some degree of agreement in appearance,attitude,or behavior.They can drive away members for no apparent reason,and they can pressure kids into group activities in order to
fit in,creating interpersonal cliques and violence.

57.Which of the following statements about the cliques is TRUE?D
A.Cliques members have different characteristics and interests.
B.Once a cliques is formed its members are not changeable.
C.Cliques are more popular among boys and girls.
D.Chques help improve children's self-respect
58.According to the passage,cliques canC.
A.encourage children to study harder than before
B.protect children when they are in danger.
C.make children have a sense of belonging
D.make children desire to be successful
59.The underlined words"suppress"in Paragraph 4can be replaced by"A".
A.prevent      B.permit
C.develop      D.discover
60.What is the main topic of this passage?D
A.The positive effect of cliques.
B.Why children want to join cliques.
C.When the children begin to form cliques.
D.What is the cliques and its effects on children.

分析 一些孩子在年龄较小的时候喜欢朋友.在9岁或10岁时,孩子形成了差异,他们开始形成团体.当10岁至12岁时,因为他们与父母分开,对同伴的认同可能扩大,并且团体可能形成和变化频繁.在初中和高中,归属问题变得更加特别和突出.
团体是具有共同的特点和共同的兴趣(音乐,衣服,运动等)的小的、特定的朋友群体.每个成员直接或间接与其他成员有联系.团体通常指的是女孩群体,但男孩也参与团体.在青少年之间通常存在团体等级,从流行团体到失败团体,在学校中经常有许多团体.
正常青少年的发展往往围绕着团体,有加入团体的、想要加入团体的、或者离开团体的.团体可以对自我价值产生强烈的积极影响.团体提供社交场合,帮助孩子培养归属感支持和保护.团体也可通过让孩子们感到需要来改善自尊,并使团队成员能够培养身份感,并处理周围的社交活动.
然而,团体可以反对其他孩子和其他团体.在某些情况下,团体成员可以通过使用戏弄、背刺甚至暴力羞辱他人以对外人造成伤害.虽然女孩被社会化压制暴力的身体表现,它可以采取恐吓人的行为的形式.团体可以污染个体,防止成员与其他团体的成员混合.他们通常需要在外表,态度或行为上有一定程度的一致性.他们可以没有明确理由地驱逐成员,他们可以强迫孩子参加团体活动,以便适应,创造人际关系和暴力.

解答 57.D.细节理解题.根据第三段"Cliques improve self-respect by…"可知团体可以提升自尊,故选D.而A.Cliques members have different characteristics and interests团体成员特点和兴趣不同,和文中第二段"Cliques are small,particular groups of friends who share common characteristics and common interests"不符,B.Once a cliques is formed its members are not changeable.团体一旦形成便不能更改,与文中"cliques may form and change frequently"不符,C.Cliques are more popular among boys and girls在男孩和女孩之间的团体更流行,与文中"Cliques usually refer to groups of girls"不符.
58.C.细节理解题.根据文中第三段"They…and help kids develop a sense of belonging  support and protection"可知团体可让孩子培养归属感和保护,故选C.
59.A.词义辨析题.根据第四段"Although girls are socialized to suppress physical displays of violence,it can take the form of intimidating (恐吓人的)behavior"可知他们只能采取恐吓人的行为,说明暴力行为是被禁止、不许的,suppress为压制,禁止之意,故选A.prevent阻止.B.permit允许,C.develop培养,发展,D.discover发现.
60.D.主旨大意题.根据本文介绍了团体如何形成和它对孩子们的正面和负面影响,故选D.

点评 本阅读理解题考查的题型丰富,需要学生对文章的主旨和相关重要细节理解透彻,关于主旨大意题,需要从文章结构分析各段落的大意,从中心句出发,得出各段落的大意以构成对全文的主旨大意的理解.

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73.We can learn from the text that sea horsesC.
A.like to move around                       B.live in cold ocean waters
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D.She hatches them.
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A.They grow at a very low speed.
B.Their homes are being destroyed.
C.They are killed by people for food.
D.Their food is becoming less and less.
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36.The underlined word reconnect in Paragraph 2is closest in meaning toB.
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37.According to Paragraph 1,almost half of the working parentsD.
A.can spare only about half an hour to be with their kids every day
B.spend their daytime commuting,cooking dinner and doing household chores
C.worry that half an hour's stay with their kids is far from enough
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B.I will be very interested.
C.I will listen carefully.
D.I will call your teacher at school.
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A.Where are you off to with your friends this weekend?
B.Who played the best in your football match today?
C.What science project are you doing at the moment and can I help with it?
D.What are the names of the toys you played with today?
40.What does Dr Halsey intend to tell us in this passage?B
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B.It is natural that working parents do not afford more time to reconnect with kids.
C.It is important that working parents learn more parenting skills.
D.It is clever that parents ask their kids questions instead of doing chores.
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Less is better.Most people don't like to read a lot of text online.(75)BSmaller is better.Since it can take a long time to download large image files,keep the file sizes small.
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21.When a tourist asks the Japanese the way to a certain place they usuallyD
A.descr ibe the place carefully      B.refer to recognizable buildings and places
C.show him a map of the place        D.tell him the names of the streets       
22.Which is the place where people measure distance in time?B
A.New York.  B.Kansas.  C.Los Angeles.  D.Iowa.
23.People in Yucatan may give a tourist a wrong answerC
A.so as to be polite    B.as a test        C.for fun         D.in order to save time
24.What can we infer from the text?A
A.It's useful for travelers to know how to ask the way properly.
B.People have similar understandings of politeness.
C.It's important for tra velers to understand cultural differences.
D.New Yorkers are generally friendly to visitors.

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