Question

【题目】Nuclear energy has always been controversial. But since the tsunami and nuclear disaster in Fukushima (Japan) last year the issue is back in the headlines. And the world is divided— some countries are planning more nuclear plants, while others have promised to shut theirs down.

After Fukushima, Germany decided to switch off all its nuclear plants by 2022. Switzerland and Italy are also phasing out nuclear power. But France and the United States remain staunch supporters of atomic energy. In fact, almost 80% of France’s electricity comes from nuclear power, the highest percentage in the world. And in the US, the Obama administration said it “continues to support the expansion of nuclear power, despite the crisis in Japan.”

Nuclear supporters claim nuclear power can help the environment. Unlike fossil fuels, nuclear power doesn’t create greenhouse gases. So, pro-nuclear countries argue that nuclear power allows them to generate energy without contributing to climate change. Britain’s chief scientific adviser (John Beddington) supports this view. He recently said that the world doesn’t have the luxury of ignoring nuclear energy.

Nuclear power is also relatively cheap. Renewable energy sources such as solar, hydro and wind power may be clean, but they’re expensive; and right now, they require a lot of investment. This higher cost of using “green energy” is usually passed onto the consumer. So, while many people may prefer their energy to come from a renewable source, not so many are prepared to pay higher energy bills. This is of particular concern while the world economy is in such bad shape.

The main argument against nuclear energy is that it isn’t safe. For a start, nuclear waste is very difficult to dispose of, and remains toxic to humans for thousands of years. And even before Fukushima, there were several high-profile nuclear disasters. The most famous is probably the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, in the Ukraine. The radiation from the meltdown spread all over Europe, affecting thousands.

The nuclear energy issue is very complex. And it doesn’t look like it’ll be resolved anytime soon. As a Japanese commentator recently said, “it’s been a bad year for the ‘nuclear village’, but I don’t think they’re down and out yet.” The battle continues.

【1】Which of the following may NOT be the advantage of nuclear energy over other energy sources?

A. Nuclear energy doesn’t produce any greenhouse gases.

B. Nuclear energy can help prevent the climate damage.

C. Nuclear energy is more environmental-friendly than other green energy sources.

D. Nuclear energy can save the consumers some money, compared to other renewable energies.

【2】What does the underlined word “this ” refer to in paragraph 4?

A. The fact that many people prefer to use the green energy sources while unwilling to pay higher bill.

B. The cost of using renewable sources

C. The fact that the nuclear power is cheaper.

D. The investment of renewable energy sources

【3】In the 5th paragraph, the author takes the case of Chernobyl disaster in Ukraine to _______.

A. convince the reader that nuclear waste is difficult to get rid of.

B. explain that nuclear waste may remain harmful to humans for thousands of years.

C. persuade the world not to use nuclear energy.

D. support the idea that nuclear energy is not safe.

【4】We can learn from the last paragraph that _______.

A. the Japanese commentator is positive about the future of nuclear energy.

B. the nuclear energy issue will be soon settled.

C. a battle will break out in the future.

D. Japan is considering to build a nuclear village in the future.

【5】What is the author's purpose of writing the passage?

A. To highlight the danger of using nuclear energy.

B. To introduce some serious nuclear disasters.

C. To show the argument between nuclear supporters and protesters.

D. To give some advice on how to use nuclear energy safely.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】D

【4】A

【5】C

【解析】

试题分析：本文讲述了在日本核泄漏事件后，对于核能利用这一问题上的产生了两种不同意见。有人认为核能环保，价格低廉；而有的人认为核能不安全，易造成安全事故。

【1】细节题。第三段第二句Unlike fossil fuels, nuclear power doesn’t create greenhouse gases.可知核能不会产生温室气体所以A选项正确。B选项第三段第三句中So, pro-nuclear countries argue that nuclear power allows them to generate energy without contributing to climate change. 可知核能不会加剧气候改变所以B选项正确D选项第四段Nuclear power is also relatively cheap. Renewable energy sources such as solar, hydro and wind power may be clean, but they’re expensive; and right now, they require a lot of investment. This higher cost of using “green energy” is usually passed onto the consumer. So, while many people may prefer their energy to come from a renewable source, not so many are prepared to pay higher energy bills.说明核能相比其他绿色能源更加便宜。绿色能源虽然清洁但其成本较高需要高额的投资，而高额的投资无疑会加剧消费者的使用成本所以D选项中的比较说核能更加便宜正确。选项文中未提及，文中仅仅说核能对环境有利不会产生温室气体，并没有出现C选项中的比较，属于无中生有，综上所述本题选择C

【2】细节题。由题意可定位到第四段最后一句.....是一个很重要的因素在全球经济不景气的大环境下This肯定代指前面的内容前一句This higher cost of using “green energy” is usually passed onto the consumer. So, while many people may prefer their energy to come from a renewable source, not so many are prepared to pay higher energy bills 尽管人们希望使用可持续的能源但相比去支付高额的费用这种意愿明显少了许多。结合选项进行分析易排除A D ,A选项说人们愿意使用绿色能源但不愿意出钱，文中没有依据 D选项说可持续能源的投资，与题意不沾边排除B选项使用可持续能源的成本似乎C选项核能很便宜的事实，到底选择是核能便宜还是选择使用可持续能源的成本，前面一句主要说的是可持续能源的费用，所以选择B选项更加接近，注意当有几个选项都正确时应该选则文中有依据的更加符合题意的选项

【3】细节题。第五段主要写核能的风险所有的例子都是围绕核能的安全问题展开 易选出D选项符合题意

【4】细节题。最后一段最后一句特别重要前面说核能的问题很复杂后面出现了BUT 表转折说认为这种低谷不会一直持续下去 这就表明日本人对核问题是积极的态度易选出A选项

【5】主旨大意题。首段结合最后一句And the world is divided— some countries are planning more nuclear plants, while others have promised to shut theirs down.意思是，全球对于核能的意见产生了分歧。一些国家认为应该生产更多的核植物，而一些国家则认为应该叫停这一行为。易选出C选项 注意：一般文章的首尾段代表文章的主旨