Question

18．When you take a walk in any of the cities in the West，you often see a lot of people walking dogs．（61）It is still true that a dog is （62）the most useful（use） and faithful animal in the world．（63）But the reasons why people keep a dog （64）have changed（change）．In the old days people used to train dogs to protect themselves against animal attacks．And later they came （65）to realize（realize） that a dog was not only useful for protection but willing to obey his master．For example，when people used dogs for hunting，the dogs would not eat （66）whatthey caught without （67）permission（permit）．But now people in the city need not protect （68）themselves（they） against attacks of animals．
Why do they keep dogs，then？Some people keep dogs to protect themselves from robbery．But the most important reason is for companionship．For （69）achild，a dog is his best friend when he has no friends to play with．For a young couple，a dog is their child when they have （70）nochildren．For old couples，a dog is also their child when their real children have grown up．So the main reason why people keep dogs has changed from protection to friendship．

Answer 1

分析 本文主要介绍狗是世界上最有用和最忠实的动物．但现在人们养狗的原因已经变了．在过去，养狗是为了保护他们自己免受动物的攻击，狗不仅有用而且愿意服从主人的命令．现在，养狗最主要的原因是为陪伴．

解答 61．It  考查it的用法．It在这里作形式主语，指代真正的主语"that the dog is the most useful…"．
62．the most useful 考查形容词最高级．根据句意：狗是世界上最有用和最忠实的动物．用形容词最高级．
63．But 考查连词．前后两个分句之间是转折关系，用连词but．
64．have changed  考查动词的时态．根据句意：人们养狗的原因已经变了．此处用现在完成时表示结果．
65．to realize 考查非谓语动词的用法．根据句意：后来他们逐渐认识到…．come to realize意为"认识到，开始意识到"，是固定搭配．
66．what 考查连词．由动词 eat和caught缺少宾语可以判断此处需用what引导宾语从句．
67．permission 考查名词．without是介词，后接名词作其宾语．
68．themselves 考查代词．根据句意：现在城市中的人们不必保护他们自己免受动物的攻击．用反身代词themselves．
69．a  考查不定冠词的用法．此处用不定冠词表示泛指，意为"对于孩子来说，当他没有朋友一起玩时狗是他最好的朋友"．
70．no 考查形容词．根据句意：当他们没有孩子时．用形容词no．

点评 在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词．要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充．考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容．答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境．