ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
ÈçͼËùʾ£¬Ò»¸öÖÊÁ¿Îªm¡¢µçºÉÁ¿Îª+qµÄ´øµç΢Á££¨ÖØÁ¦ºöÂÔ²»¼Æ£©£¬´Ó¾²Ö¹¿ªÊ¼¾U1µçѹ¼ÓËÙºó£¬Ë®Æ½½øÈëÁ½Æ½ÐнðÊô°å¼äµÄƫתµç³¡ÖУ®½ðÊô°å³¤L£¬Á½°å¼ä¾àd£®Çó£º
£¨1£©Î¢Á£½øÈëƫתµç³¡Ê±µÄËÙ¶Èv0ÊǶà´ó£¿
£¨2£©Èô΢Á£Éä³öƫתµç³¡Ê±µÄƫת½ÇΪ¦È£¬²¢½Ó׎øÈëÒ»¸ö·½Ïò´¹Ö±ÓÚÖ½ÃæÏòÀïµÄÔÈÇ¿´Å³¡Çø£®ÔòÁ½½ðÊô°å¼äµÄµçѹU2ÊǶà´ó£¿
£¨3£©Èô¸ÃÔÈÇ¿´Å³¡µÄ¿í¶ÈΪD£¬ÎªÊ¹Î¢Á£²»»áÓɴų¡ÓÒ±ßÉä³ö£¬¸ÃÔÈÇ¿´Å³¡µÄ´Å¸ÐӦǿ¶ÈÖÁÉÙ¶à´ó£¿
£¨1£©Î¢Á£½øÈëƫתµç³¡Ê±µÄËÙ¶Èv0ÊǶà´ó£¿
£¨2£©Èô΢Á£Éä³öƫתµç³¡Ê±µÄƫת½ÇΪ¦È£¬²¢½Ó׎øÈëÒ»¸ö·½Ïò´¹Ö±ÓÚÖ½ÃæÏòÀïµÄÔÈÇ¿´Å³¡Çø£®ÔòÁ½½ðÊô°å¼äµÄµçѹU2ÊǶà´ó£¿
£¨3£©Èô¸ÃÔÈÇ¿´Å³¡µÄ¿í¶ÈΪD£¬ÎªÊ¹Î¢Á£²»»áÓɴų¡ÓÒ±ßÉä³ö£¬¸ÃÔÈÇ¿´Å³¡µÄ´Å¸ÐӦǿ¶ÈÖÁÉÙ¶à´ó£¿
½âÎö£º£¨1£©´øµç΢Á£¾¼ÓËٵ糡¼ÓËÙºóËÙ¶ÈΪv£¬¸ù¾Ý¶¯Äܶ¨Àí£ºqU1=
mv02
½âµÃ£ºv0=
£»
£¨2£©´øµç΢Á£ÔÚƫתµç³¡ÖÐÖ»Êܵ糡Á¦×÷Óã¬×öÀàƽÅ×Ô˶¯£®ÔÚˮƽ·½Ïò΢Á£×öÔÈËÙÖ±ÏßÔ˶¯
ˮƽ·½Ïò£ºt=
´øµç΢Á£ÔÚÊúÖ±·½Ïò×öÔȼÓËÙÖ±ÏßÔ˶¯£¬¼ÓËÙ¶ÈΪa£¬³öµç³¡Ê±ÊúÖ±·½ÏòËÙ¶ÈΪv2
ÊúÖ±·½Ïò£ºa=
v2=at=
¡Á
Óɼ¸ºÎ¹Øϵ£ºtan¦È=
=
=
U2=
tan¦È
£¨3£©´øµç΢Á£½øÈë´Å³¡×öÔÈËÙÔ²ÖÜÔ˶¯£¬ÂåÂ××ÈÁ¦ÌṩÏòÐÄÁ¦£¬Éè΢Á£¹ìµÀ°ë¾¶ÎªR£¬Óɼ¸ºÎ¹Øϵ֪£º
R+
=D
µÃ£ºR=
Éè΢Á£½øÈë´Å³¡Ê±µÄËÙ¶ÈΪv¡ä£ºv¡ä=
ÓÉÅ£¶ÙÔ˶¯¶¨Âɼ°Ô˶¯Ñ§¹æÂÉ£ºqv¡äB=
µÃ£ºB=
=
´ð£º£¨1£©ËÙÂÊΪ£ºv0=
£»
£¨2£©Æ«×ªµçѹU2=
tan¦È£»
£¨3£©´Å¸ÐӦǿ¶ÈBÖÁÉÙΪ
£®
1 |
2 |
½âµÃ£ºv0=
|
£¨2£©´øµç΢Á£ÔÚƫתµç³¡ÖÐÖ»Êܵ糡Á¦×÷Óã¬×öÀàƽÅ×Ô˶¯£®ÔÚˮƽ·½Ïò΢Á£×öÔÈËÙÖ±ÏßÔ˶¯
ˮƽ·½Ïò£ºt=
L |
v0 |
´øµç΢Á£ÔÚÊúÖ±·½Ïò×öÔȼÓËÙÖ±ÏßÔ˶¯£¬¼ÓËÙ¶ÈΪa£¬³öµç³¡Ê±ÊúÖ±·½ÏòËÙ¶ÈΪv2
ÊúÖ±·½Ïò£ºa=
U2q |
md |
v2=at=
qU2 |
dm |
L |
v0 |
Óɼ¸ºÎ¹Øϵ£ºtan¦È=
v2 |
v0 |
qU2L | ||
dm
|
U2L |
2dU1 |
U2=
2dU1 |
L |
£¨3£©´øµç΢Á£½øÈë´Å³¡×öÔÈËÙÔ²ÖÜÔ˶¯£¬ÂåÂ××ÈÁ¦ÌṩÏòÐÄÁ¦£¬Éè΢Á£¹ìµÀ°ë¾¶ÎªR£¬Óɼ¸ºÎ¹Øϵ֪£º
R+
R |
2 |
µÃ£ºR=
2D |
3 |
Éè΢Á£½øÈë´Å³¡Ê±µÄËÙ¶ÈΪv¡ä£ºv¡ä=
v0 |
cos¦È |
ÓÉÅ£¶ÙÔ˶¯¶¨Âɼ°Ô˶¯Ñ§¹æÂÉ£ºqv¡äB=
mv¡ä2 |
R |
µÃ£ºB=
mv¡ä |
qR |
mv0 | ||
(q+
|
´ð£º£¨1£©ËÙÂÊΪ£ºv0=
|
£¨2£©Æ«×ªµçѹU2=
2dU1 |
L |
£¨3£©´Å¸ÐӦǿ¶ÈBÖÁÉÙΪ
mv0 | ||
(q+
|
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿