题目内容
在△ABC中,
求证:(1)sin2A+sin2B+sin2C=2+2cosAcosBcosC;
(2)cos2A+cos2B+cos2C=1-2cosAcosBcosC.
求证:(1)sin2A+sin2B+sin2C=2+2cosAcosBcosC;
(2)cos2A+cos2B+cos2C=1-2cosAcosBcosC.
分析:(1)将sin2B+sin2C移到另一侧和2联立用三角函数的基本关系化成角B、C的余弦,进而再根据A=π-B-C将cosA化为角B、C的关系即可证.
(2)根据C=π-B-A将cosC化为角B、A的关系即可证.
(2)根据C=π-B-A将cosC化为角B、A的关系即可证.
解答:证明:(1)要证sin2A+sin2B+sin2C=2+2cosAcosBcosC成立
即证sin2A=2-sin2B-sin2C+2cosAcosBcosC成立
又因为2-sin2B-sin2C+2cosAcosBcosC=cos2B+cos2C+2cos(π-B-C)cosBcosC
=cos2B+cos2C-2cos(B+C)cosBcosC=cos2B+cos2C-2(cosBcosC-sinBsinC)cosBcosC
=cos2B+cos2C-2cos2Bcos2C+2sinBsinCcosBcosC
=(cos2B-cos2Bcos2C)+(cos2C-cos2Bcos2C)+2sinBsinCcosBcosC
=cos2Bsin2C+cos2Csin2C+2sinBsinCcosBcosC
=(cosBsinC+cosCsinC)2
=sin2(B+C)=sin2(π-A)=sin2A
即证.
(2)cosC=cos[π-(A+B)]=cos(A+B)=cosAcosB-sinAsinB
左边=cos2A+cos2B+cos2Acos2B+sin2Asin2B-2cosAcosBsinAsinB
=cos2A+cos2B+cos2Acos2B+(1-cos2A)(1-cos2B)-2cosAcosBsinAsinB
=1-2[cos2Acos2B-cosAcosBsinAsinB]
=1-2cosAcosB(cosAcosB-sinAsinB)
=1-2cosAcosBcos(A+B)
=1-2cosAcosBcos[π-(A+B)]
=1-2cosAcosBcosC=右边
即证.
即证sin2A=2-sin2B-sin2C+2cosAcosBcosC成立
又因为2-sin2B-sin2C+2cosAcosBcosC=cos2B+cos2C+2cos(π-B-C)cosBcosC
=cos2B+cos2C-2cos(B+C)cosBcosC=cos2B+cos2C-2(cosBcosC-sinBsinC)cosBcosC
=cos2B+cos2C-2cos2Bcos2C+2sinBsinCcosBcosC
=(cos2B-cos2Bcos2C)+(cos2C-cos2Bcos2C)+2sinBsinCcosBcosC
=cos2Bsin2C+cos2Csin2C+2sinBsinCcosBcosC
=(cosBsinC+cosCsinC)2
=sin2(B+C)=sin2(π-A)=sin2A
即证.
(2)cosC=cos[π-(A+B)]=cos(A+B)=cosAcosB-sinAsinB
左边=cos2A+cos2B+cos2Acos2B+sin2Asin2B-2cosAcosBsinAsinB
=cos2A+cos2B+cos2Acos2B+(1-cos2A)(1-cos2B)-2cosAcosBsinAsinB
=1-2[cos2Acos2B-cosAcosBsinAsinB]
=1-2cosAcosB(cosAcosB-sinAsinB)
=1-2cosAcosBcos(A+B)
=1-2cosAcosBcos[π-(A+B)]
=1-2cosAcosBcosC=右边
即证.
点评:本题主要考查三角函数的基本关系式.这里要注意的试在三角形中三个角的和为π,经常通过一个角等于π减另外两个角来转化.
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