题目内容
已知定义在R上的函数f(x)=
(sinωx+acosωx)(a∈R,0<ω≤1)满足:f(x)=f(
-x),f(x-π)=f(x+π).
(I)求f(x)的解析式;
(II)若m2-4n>0,m,n∈R,求证:“|m|+|n|<1”是“方程[f(x)]2+mf(x)+n=0在区间(-
,
)内有两个不等的实根”的充分不必要条件.
解:(I)∵f(x)=
(sinωx+acosωx)=
sin(ωx+?),其中sin?=
,cos?=
,
由f(x-π)=f(x+π)知f(x)=f(x+2π),即函数f(x)的周期为2π.
∴
≤2π,即|ω|≥1.又0<ω≤1,∴ω=1.
又∵f(x)=f(
-x),∴f(0)=f(
),
即
(sin0+acos0)=
(sin
+acos
),解得 a=
,∴f(x)=sin(x+
).
(II)显然,x∈(-
,
)等价于x+
∈(-
,
).
令u=x+
,f(x)=t,g(t)=t2+mt+n,则f(x)=sinu,
由|m|+|n|<1得|m+n|≤|m|+|n|<1,∴m+n>-1.
同理由|m-n|≤|m|+|n|<1得m-n<1.
∴g(1)=m+n+1>0,g(-1)=1-m+n>0.
又∵|m|≤|m|+|n|<1,∴-
∈(-1,1).
又∵△=m2-4n>0,∴一元二次方程t2+mt+n=0在区间(-1,1)内有两个不等的实根.
∵函数y=sinu(u∈(-
,
))与u=x+
(x∈(-
,
))都是增函数,
∴[f(x)]2+mf(x)+n=0在区间(-
,
)内有两个不等实根.
∴“|m|+|n|<1”是“方程[f(x)]2+mf(x)+n=0在区间(-
,
)内有两个不等实根”的充分条件.
令m=
,n=
,由于方程t2+
t+
=0有两个不等的实根-
,-
,且-
,-
∈(-1,1),
∴方程sin2(x+
)+
sin(x+
)+
=0在(-
,
)内有两个不等的实根,
但|m|+|n|=
+
=1,
故“|m|+|n|<1”不是“方程[f(x)]2+mf(x)+n=0在区间(-
,
)内有两个不等实根”的必要条件.
综上,“|m|+|n|<1”是“方程[f(x)]2+mf(x)+n=0在区间(-
,
)内有两个不等实根”的充分不必要条件.
分析:(I)利用辅助角公式化简函数的表达式为Asin(ωx+?),利用f(x-π)=f(x+π),求出函数的周期,通过周期公式求出ω,通过f(x)=f(
-x),令x=0,得到f(0)=f(
),求出a,即可求f(x)的解析式;
(II)通过x∈(-
,
),求出x+
∈(-
,
).令u=x+
,f(x)=t,g(t)=t2+mt+n,则f(x)=sinu,
由|m|+|n|<1推出-
∈(-1,1).利用△>0,说明一元二次方程t2+mt+n=0在区间(-1,1)内有两个不等的实根.
结合函数y=sinu(u∈(-
,
))与u=x+
(x∈(-
,
))都是增函数,推出所证的充分条件.
通过m=
,n=
,说明“|m|+|n|<1”不是“方程[f(x)]2+mf(x)+n=0在区间(-
,
)内有两个不等实根”的必要条件.
点评:本题考查三角函数的化简,解析式的求法,以及充分条件与必要条件的证明,方程的根的知识,考查转化思想,计算能力,反例证明问题的应用.
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由f(x-π)=f(x+π)知f(x)=f(x+2π),即函数f(x)的周期为2π.
∴
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又∵f(x)=f(
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即
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(II)显然,x∈(-
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令u=x+
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由|m|+|n|<1得|m+n|≤|m|+|n|<1,∴m+n>-1.
同理由|m-n|≤|m|+|n|<1得m-n<1.
∴g(1)=m+n+1>0,g(-1)=1-m+n>0.
又∵|m|≤|m|+|n|<1,∴-
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又∵△=m2-4n>0,∴一元二次方程t2+mt+n=0在区间(-1,1)内有两个不等的实根.
∵函数y=sinu(u∈(-
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∴[f(x)]2+mf(x)+n=0在区间(-
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∴“|m|+|n|<1”是“方程[f(x)]2+mf(x)+n=0在区间(-
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令m=
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∴方程sin2(x+
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但|m|+|n|=
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故“|m|+|n|<1”不是“方程[f(x)]2+mf(x)+n=0在区间(-
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综上,“|m|+|n|<1”是“方程[f(x)]2+mf(x)+n=0在区间(-
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分析:(I)利用辅助角公式化简函数的表达式为Asin(ωx+?),利用f(x-π)=f(x+π),求出函数的周期,通过周期公式求出ω,通过f(x)=f(
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(II)通过x∈(-
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由|m|+|n|<1推出-
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结合函数y=sinu(u∈(-
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通过m=
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点评:本题考查三角函数的化简,解析式的求法,以及充分条件与必要条件的证明,方程的根的知识,考查转化思想,计算能力,反例证明问题的应用.
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