题目内容
函数
的定义域为{x|x≠1},图象过原点,且
.
(1)试求函数f(x)的单调减区间;
(2)已知各项均为负数的数列{an}前n项和为Sn,满足
,求证:
.
(1)解:∵函数
的定义域为{x|x≠1},图象过原点
∴a=0,b=c
∵
,b=2n,n∈N*,∴b=2
∴
(x≠1),∴f
令f′(x)<0得0<x<1或1<x<2
∴函数f(x)的单调减区间为(0,1),(1,2)
(2)证明:由已知可得
,当n≥2时,
两式相减得(an+an-1)(an-an-1+1)=0,∴an-an-1=-1(各项均为负数)
当n=1时,
,∴an=-n…8
于是,待证不等式即为
.
为此,我们考虑证明不等式
…10
令
,则t>1,
再令g(t)=t-1-lnt,
由t∈(1,+∞)知g'(t)>0
∴当t∈(1,+∞)时,g(t)单调递增
∴g(t)>g(1)=0,∴t-1>lnt
即
①…12
令
,
由t∈(1,+∞)知h'(t)>0,∴当t∈(1,+∞)时,h(t)单调递增
∴h(t)>h(1)=0,于是
,即
②…14
由①、②可知
所以,
,即
…16
分析:(1)根据函数
的定义域为{x|x≠1},图象过原点,可得a=0,b=c,结合
,可求函数的解析式,求导函数,可确定函数f(x)的单调减区间;
(2)由已知可得
,当n≥2时,
,两式相减,可求数列的通项,于是,待证不等式即为
.为此,我们考虑证明不等式
.
点评:本题考查函数解析式的求解,考查导数知识的运用,考查数列的通项,考查不等式的证明,同时考查学生等价转化问题的能力,属于中档题.

∴a=0,b=c
∵

∴


令f′(x)<0得0<x<1或1<x<2
∴函数f(x)的单调减区间为(0,1),(1,2)
(2)证明:由已知可得


两式相减得(an+an-1)(an-an-1+1)=0,∴an-an-1=-1(各项均为负数)
当n=1时,

于是,待证不等式即为

为此,我们考虑证明不等式

令


再令g(t)=t-1-lnt,

∴当t∈(1,+∞)时,g(t)单调递增
∴g(t)>g(1)=0,∴t-1>lnt
即

令


由t∈(1,+∞)知h'(t)>0,∴当t∈(1,+∞)时,h(t)单调递增
∴h(t)>h(1)=0,于是


由①、②可知

所以,


分析:(1)根据函数


(2)由已知可得




点评:本题考查函数解析式的求解,考查导数知识的运用,考查数列的通项,考查不等式的证明,同时考查学生等价转化问题的能力,属于中档题.

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