题目内容
(本小题满分12分)
如图,四棱锥
中,
底面
,四边形
中,
,
,
,
,E为
中点.
(1)求证:CD⊥面PAC;(2)求:异面直线BE与AC所成角的余弦值;![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240000189951603.png)
如图,四棱锥
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000018683603.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000018699394.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000018715526.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000018715526.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000018746496.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000018761588.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000018777695.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000018964464.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000018980383.png)
(1)求证:CD⊥面PAC;(2)求:异面直线BE与AC所成角的余弦值;
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240000189951603.png)
(1)见解析 (2) 90°
试题分析:(1)(6分)
∵PA⊥面ABCD,CD
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000019011212.png)
∵
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000018746496.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000018761588.png)
∴∠ABC=90°,AC=2
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000019073339.png)
∵AD=4 ∴CD=2
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000019073339.png)
∵CD2+AC2=AD2 ∴AC⊥CD 4分
∵AC∩PA=A ∴CD⊥面PAC 6分
(2)(6分)解:
方法一:以A为原点,分别以AB、AD、AP所在直线为x轴、y轴、z轴建立空间直角坐标系
则A(0,0,0),B(2,0,0),C(2,2,0),P(0,0,2) 2分
∵E是PC中点
∴E(1,1,1)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240000191671029.png)
∵
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000019183649.png)
∴BE⊥AC ∴BE与AC所成的角为90° 6分
方法二:作AC中点O,连结EO
∵E、O分别是PC、AC中点
∴EO//PA
∵PA⊥面ABCD ∴EO⊥面ABCD
∴EO⊥AC
可证得ABCG是正方形 ∴AC⊥BO
∵BO∩EO=O ∴AC⊥面BEO
∴AC⊥BE ∴BE与AC所成的角为90°
方法三:作PD中点F,AD中点G
∵AD
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000019198273.png)
∴四边形ABCG是正方形,且BG//CD ∴BO
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000019214595.png)
∵EF是△PCD的中位线 ∴EF
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000019214595.png)
∴EF
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000019198273.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000019198273.png)
∴BE与AC所成的角等于OF与AC所成的角
PB=2
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000019073339.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000019307820.png)
∵E是PC中点 ∴BE=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000019323660.png)
PD=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000019339831.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000019354646.png)
∵AO=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000019073339.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000019401318.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824000019417331.png)
点评:立体几何的求解有两大思路。其一:几何法,依据线面的位置关系,长度关系推理计算:其二,代数法,利用空间坐标系,点的坐标转化为向量运算
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/images/loading.gif)
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