题目内容

苯环上有两个侧链烃基的有机物C12H18,其同分异构体的数目为(不考虑立体异构)
A.39B.42 C.45D.48
C

试题分析:苯环有6个C原子,则取代基有6个C原子,6个C原子分成2个取代基,每个取代基的C原子的数目有3种情况:1、5;2、4;3、3,取代基1个C原子的结构有1种,取代基有2个C原子的结构有1种,3个C原子的结构有2种,4个C原子的结构有4种,5个C原子的结构有7种,每种情况不同结构又有3种(邻、间、对),利用数学中的分步原理,苯环上有两个侧链烃基的有机物C12H18的同分异构体有(7+4+4)×3=45,答案选C。
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(15分)有机物A为芳香烃,质谱分析表明其相对分子质量为92,某课题小组以A为起始原料可以合成酯类香料H和高分子化合物I,其相关反应如下图所示:                                                       
已知以下信息:
①碳烯(:CH2)又称卡宾,它十分活跃,很容易用它的两个未成对电子插在烷烃分子的C-H键之间使碳链增长。
②通常在同一个碳原子连有两个羟基不稳定,易脱水形成羰基。
回答下列问题:

(1)A的化学名称为         
(2)由B生成C的化学方程式为                ,该反应类型为          。                                                              (3)G的结构简式为           
(4)请写出由F生成I的化学方程式                                             
(5)写出G到H的反应方程式                                       。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
(6)H的所有同分异构体中,满足下列条件的共有        种;
①含有苯环        ②苯环上只有一个取代基          ③属于酯类
其中核磁共振氢谱有五种不同化学环境的氢,且峰面积比为1:1:2:2:6的是           (写结构简式)。

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