ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿¸õÌú¿óµÄÖ÷Òª³É·Ö¿É±íʾΪFeO¡¤Cr2O3£¬»¹º¬ÓÐMgO¡¢Al2O3¡¢Fe2O3µÈÔÓÖÊ£¬ÒÔÏÂÊÇÒÔ¸õÌú¿óΪÔÁÏÖƱ¸ÖظõËá¼Ø(K2Cr2O7)µÄÁ÷³Ìͼ£º
ÒÑÖª£º¢ÙNa2CO3£«Al2O32NaAlO2£«CO2¡ü£»
¢ÚCr2O72-£«H2O2CrO42-£«2H£«¡£
¸ù¾ÝÌâÒâ»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
(1)¡°±ºÉÕ¡±Ê±FeO¡¤Cr2O3ת»¯ÎªNa2CrO4ºÍFe2O3£¬Ð´³ö¡°±ºÉÕ¡±Ê±·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º_____________¡£
(2)¢ÙÒª¼ì²â¡°Ëữ¡±²Ù×÷ÖÐÈÜÒºµÄpHÊÇ·ñµÈÓÚ4.5£¬Ó¦¸ÃʹÓÃ______(Ìî×Öĸ´úºÅ)¡£
a£®¹ã·ºpHÊÔÖ½¡¡
b£®¼×»ù³È
c£®pH¼Æ
d£®¾«ÃÜpHÊÔÖ½
¢Ú¡°Ëữ¡±²½ÖèÓô×Ëáµ÷½ÚÈÜÒºpH£¼5£¬ÆäÄ¿µÄÊÇ_____________¡£
(3)¡°²Ù×÷¢ó¡±Óɶಽ×é³É£¬»ñµÃK2Cr2O7¾§ÌåµÄ²Ù×÷ÒÀ´ÎÊÇ£º¼ÓÈëKCl¹ÌÌå¡¢_____________¡¢_____________¡¢¹ýÂË¡¢Ï´µÓ¡¢¸ÉÔï¡£
(4)Ïà¹ØÎïÖʵÄÈܽâ¶ÈÊý¾ÝÈçϱíËùʾ¡£¡°²Ù×÷¢ó¡±Öз¢Éú·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪNa2Cr2O7£«2KCl===K2Cr2O7¡ý£«2NaCl¡£¸Ã·´Ó¦ÔÚÈÜÒºÖÐÄÜ·¢ÉúµÄÀíÓÉÊÇ_____________¡£
ÎïÖÊ | KCl | NaCl | K2Cr2O7 | Na2Cr2O7 |
Èܽâ¶È | ||||
(g/100 gË®) | ||||
0 ¡æ | 28 | 35.7 | 4.7 | 163 |
40 ¡æ | 40.1 | 36.4 | 26.3 | 215 |
80 ¡æ | 51.3 | 38 | 73 | 376 |
(5)³ÆÈ¡ÖظõËá¼ØÊÔÑù5.000 gÅä³É500 mLÈÜÒº£¬È¡³ö50.00 mLÓÚµâÁ¿Æ¿ÖУ¬¼ÓÈë20 mL 2 mol/L H2SO4ÈÜÒººÍ×ãÁ¿µâ»¯¼Ø£¬·ÅÓÚ°µ´¦5 min¡£È»ºó¼ÓÈë100 mLË®£¬¼ÓÈë3mL__________(ÌîÊÔ¼ÁÃû³Æ)×÷ָʾ¼Á£¬ÓÃ0.100 0 mol/L Na2S2O3±ê×¼ÈÜÒº½øÐе樣¬ÈôʵÑéÖй²ÓÃÈ¥Na2S2O3±ê×¼ÈÜÒº48.00 mL£¬ÔòËùµÃ²úÆ·ÖÐÖظõËá¼ØµÄ´¿¶ÈΪ___________(±£Áô3λÓÐЧÊý×Ö)¡£(ÒÑÖª£ºCr2O72-£«6I££«14H£«===2Cr3£«£«3I2£«7H2O£»I2£«2S2O32-===2I££«S4O62-)
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿4FeO¡¤Cr2O3£«8Na2CO3£«7O28Na2CrO4£«2Fe2O3£«8CO2 cd ʹCrO42-ת»¯ÎªCr2O72- Õô·¢Å¨Ëõ ÀäÈ´½á¾§ ÏàͬζÈÏÂK2Cr2O7µÄÈܽâ¶È±ÈNa2Cr2O7µÄС(»ò½ÏµÍζÈÏ£¬ËÄÖÖÎïÖÊÖÐK2Cr2O7µÄÈܽâ¶È×îС) µí·ÛÈÜÒº 47.0%
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
¸õÌú¿óÓë̼ËáÄÆ»ìºÏͨ¹ý±ºÉÕ£¬µÃµ½Na2CrO4¡¢Fe2O3¡¢MgOºÍNaAlO2µÄ»ìºÏÌåϵ£¬È»ºó¼ÓË®ÈܽâµÃµ½¹ÌÌåFe2O3¡¢MgOºÍNa2CrO4¡¢NaAlO2ÈÜÒº£¬ÔÙµ÷½ÚÈÜÒºµÄpH£¬Ê¹Æ«ÂÁËáÑÎÍêÈ«³Áµí£¬¼ÌÐøµ÷½ÚÈÜÒºµÄpHʹCrO42-ת»¯ÎªCr2O72-£¬×îºóÏòËùµÃÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÂÈ»¯¼Ø£¬Éú³ÉÈܽâ¶È½ÏСµÄK2Cr2O7¡£
£¨1£©¸ù¾Ý»¯ºÏ¼ÛÉý½µ·¨¼°ÔªËØÊغã¿ÉÅäƽ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£»
£¨2£©¢Ùͨ³£pHÊÔÖ½Ö»ÄܲⶨÈÜÒºpHµÄÕûÊý£¬²â¶¨pHÊÇСÊýµÄÐèÒªÓþ«È·ÊÔÖ½»òpH¼Æ£»
¢Ú½áºÏÁ÷³ÌͼºÍ·´Ó¦¹ý³ÌÖеõ½ÎïÖÊ·ÖÎö£¬Ëữ²½ÖèÓô×Ëáµ÷½ÚÈÜÒºpH£¼5ΪÁËת»¯CrO42-Àë×ÓΪCr2O72-£»
£¨3£©ÈÜÒºÖеõ½ÈÜÖʾ§ÌåµÄ·½·¨ÊÇÕô·¢Å¨Ëõ£¬ÀäÈ´½á¾§£¬¹ýÂËÏ´µÓ²½Öè·ÖÎö»Ø´ð£»
£¨4£©ÒÀ¾ÝÎïÖÊÈܽâ¶È±È½Ï·ÖÎö£¬·´Ó¦ÏòÈܽâ¶ÈСµÄ·½Ïò½øÐУ»
£¨5£©µâµ¥ÖÊÓöµ½µí·Û±äÀ¶£¬·´Ó¦µÄ¹ØϵʽΪCr2O72-¡«3I2¡«62S2O32-£¬Óɴ˼ÆËã¼´¿É¡£
£¨1£©¸ù¾Ý·´Ó¦Öи÷ÎïÖʵÄÔªËØ»¯ºÏ¼Û±ä»¯¿ÉÖª£¬Ìú´Ó£«2¼Û±äΪ£«3¼Û£¬¸õ´Ó£«3¼Û±äΪ£«6¼Û£¬Ñõ´Ó0¼Û±äΪ£2¼Û£¬¸ù¾Ý»¯ºÏ¼ÛÉý½µ·¨¼°ÔªËØÊغã¿ÉÅäƽ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ
4FeOCr2O3+8Na2CO3+7O28Na2CrO4+2Fe2O3+8CO2¡ü£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º4FeOCr2O3£«8Na2CO3£«7O28Na2CrO4£«2Fe2O3£«8CO2¡ü¡£
£¨2£©¢ÙÒª¼ì²âËữ²Ù×÷ÖÐÈÜÒºµÄpHÊÇ·ñµÈÓÚ4.5£¬ÆÕͨpHÊÔÖ½Ö»ÄܲⶨÈÜÒºpHµ½ÕûÊý£¬ÊǽüËƲⶨ£¬×¼È·²â¶¨ÐèÒªÓÃpH¼Æ»ò¾«È·pHÊÔÖ½£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºcd¡£
¢ÚËữ²½ÖèÓô×Ëáµ÷½ÚÈÜÒºpH£¼5£¬ÒÀ¾ÝÁ÷³ÌͼÖÐÎïÖʵÄת»¯ºÍÖƱ¸Ä¿µÄ¿ÉÖª£¬½áºÏ·´Ó¦Æ½ºâCr2O72-+H2O2CrO42-+2H+£¬¼ÓÈëËᣬÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÔö´ó£¬Æ½ºâ×óÒÆ£¬×÷ÓÃÊÇʹCrO42-ת»¯ÎªCr2O72-£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÊ¹CrO42-ת»¯ÎªCr2O72-¡£
£¨3£©²Ù×÷¢óÓжಽ×é³É£¬»ñµÃK2Cr2O7¾§ÌåµÄ²Ù×÷ÒÀ´ÎÊÇ£º¼ÓÈëKCl¹ÌÌå¡¢Õô·¢Å¨Ëõ£¬ÀäÈ´½á¾§¡¢¹ýÂË¡¢Ï´µÓ¡¢¸ÉÔïµÃµ½¾§Ì壬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÕô·¢Å¨Ëõ£¬ÀäÈ´½á¾§¡£
£¨4£©ÒÀ¾Ýͼ±íÎïÖʵÄÈܽâ¶È·ÖÎö¶Ô±È£¬²Ù×÷¢ó·¢Éú·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÊÇ£ºNa2Cr2O7+2KCl=K2Cr2O7¡ý+2NaCl£»ËµÃ÷ÏàͬζÈÏÂK2Cr2O7µÄÈܽâ¶È±ÈNa2Cr2O7µÄС(»ò½ÏµÍζÈÏ£¬ËÄÖÖÎïÖÊÖÐK2Cr2O7µÄÈܽâ¶È×îС)£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÏàͬζÈÏÂK2Cr2O7µÄÈܽâ¶È±ÈNa2Cr2O7µÄС(»ò½ÏµÍζÈÏ£¬ËÄÖÖÎïÖÊÖÐK2Cr2O7µÄÈܽâ¶È×îС)¡£
£¨5£©µâÓöµí·ÛÏÔÀ¶É«£¬Òò´Ë¿ÉÒÔÓõí·Û×÷ָʾ¼Á¡£¸ù¾ÝCr2O72-£«6I££«14H£«=2Cr3£«£«3I2£«7H2O¡¢I2£«2S2O32-=2I££«S4O62-¿ÉµÃ·´Ó¦µÄ¹ØϵʽΪ£ºCr2O72-¡«3I2¡«62S2O32-£¬ËùÒÔn(Cr2O72-)=0.1000mol/L¡Á0.048L/6=0.0008mol£¬ËùÒÔ500mLÖظõËá¼ØÖÐn(Cr2O)=0.008mol£¬m(K2Cr2O7)=0.008mol¡Á294gmol£1=2.352g£¬Æä´¿¶È=2.352g/5g¡Á100%=47%£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºµí·ÛÈÜÒº£¬47.0%¡£
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿Ï±íÊÇÔªËØÖÜÆÚ±í¶ÌÖÜÆÚµÄÒ»²¿·Ö
¢Ù | ||||||||
¢Ú | ¢Û | ¢Ü | ||||||
¢Ý | ¢Þ | ¢ß | ¢à |
(1)¢Ù-¢ßÔªËØÖнðÊôÐÔ×îÇ¿µÄÔªËØλÓÚÖÜÆÚ±íÖеÄλÖÃΪ______________________¡£
(2)¢ÛÓë¢ÝÐγɵĻ¯ºÏÎïÈÜÓÚË®»á¾çÁÒ·´Ó¦Éú³É°×É«³ÁµíºÍÆøÌåA,Çëд³ö¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ ___________________ £¬ÆøÌåAµÄʵÑéÊÒÖƱ¸»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ______________¡£
(3)¢ÜËùÐγɵĵ¥ÖÊÓëË®·´Ó¦µÄ·½³Ìʽ _____________£¬¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄÀàÐÍÊÇ_______·´Ó¦¡£
(4)¢Ú¡¢¢Û¡¢¢ßµÄ×î¸ß¼Ûº¬ÑõËáµÄËáÐÔÓÉÈõµ½Ç¿µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ__________________£¨Óû¯Ñ§Ê½±íʾ£©£»¢ÜËùÔÚ×åµÄ¸÷ÔªËØÓëÇâÆø»¯ºÏËùÐγɵÄÆø̬Ç⻯ÎïÎȶ¨ÐÔÓÉÇ¿µ½ÈõµÄ˳ÐòÊÇ£¨Óû¯Ñ§Ê½±íʾ£©__________________¡£
(5)±íÖÐÔªËØ¢Û¡¢¢ÞËüÃÇ×î¸ß¼ÛÑõ»¯ÎïµÄË®»¯ÎïÏ໥·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ_____________¡£