ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
14£®ÏÂÁÐÓйؽðÊô¾§ÌåµÄ˵·¨Öв»ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©¢Ù½ðÊô¾§ÌåÊÇÒ»ÖÖ¡°¾ÞÐÍ·Ö×Ó¡±
¢Ú¡°µç×ÓÆø¡±ÎªËùÓÐÔ×ÓËù¹²ÓÐ
¢Û¼òµ¥Á¢·½¶Ñ»ýµÄ¿Õ¼äÀûÓÃÂÊ×îµÍ£¬ÌåÐÄÁ¢·½¶Ñ»ýµÄ¿Õ¼äÀûÓÃÂÊ×î¸ß
¢Ü½ðÊô¼üÎÞ·½ÏòÐԺͱ¥ºÍÐÔ£¬Ô×ÓÅäλÊý½Ï¸ß
¢Ý½ðÊô¼üÊǽðÊôÑôÀë×ÓºÍ×ÔÓɵç×ÓÖ®¼ä´æÔÚµÄÇ¿Áҵľ²µç×÷ÓÃ
¢Þ¾§Ì御Á¿²ÉÈ¡½ôÃܶѻý·½Ê½£¬ÒÔʹÆä±äµÃ±È½ÏÎȶ¨
¢ß½ðÊôͺÍþ¾ùÒÔABAB¡·½Ê½¶Ñ»ý
¢àÓò¬½ð×öÊ×Êβ»ÄÜÓýðÊô¼üÀíÂÛ½âÊÍ
¢á¹Ì̬ºÍÈÛÈÚʱÒ×µ¼µç£¬ÈÛµãÔÚ1 000¡æ×óÓҵľ§Ìå¿ÉÄÜÊǽðÊô¾§Ìå
¢âAl¡¢Na¡¢MgµÄÈÛµãÖð½¥Éý¸ß£®
A£® | 1Ïî | B£® | 2Ïî | C£® | 3Ïî | D£® | 4Ïî |
·ÖÎö ¢Ù¢ÚÃèÊö½ðÊô¼ü±¾ÖʵÄ×î¼òµ¥ÀíÂÛÊÇ¡°µç×ÓÆøÀíÂÛ¡±£¬¸ÃÀíÂ۰ѽðÊô¼üÃèÊöΪ½ðÊôÔ×ÓÍÑÂäÏÂÀ´µÄ¼Ûµç×ÓÐγɱ鲼Õû¿ì¾§ÌåµÄ¡°µç×ÓÆø¡±£¬±»ËùÓÐÔ×ÓËù¹²ÓУ¬´Ó¶ø°ÑËùÓнðÊôÔ×ÓάϵÔÚÒ»Æð£»
¢Û½ðÊô¾§ÌåµÄ¶Ñ»ý·½Ê½ÖпռäÀûÓÃÂÊ·Ö±ðÊÇ£º¼òµ¥Á¢·½52%£¬ÌåÐÄÁ¢·½68%£¬ÃæÐÄÁ¢·½Îª74%£»
¢Ü½ðÊô¼üûÓз½ÏòÐԺͱ¥ºÍÐÔ£»
¢Ý´Ó»ù±¾¹¹³É΢Á£µÄÐÔÖÊ¿´£¬½ðÊô¼üÓëÀë×Ó¼üµÄʵÖÊÀàËÆ£¬¶¼ÊôÓÚµçÐÔ×÷Óã»
¢Þ¾§ÌåÇãÏòÓÚÄÜÁ¿×îµÍ£¬Òò´ËÔÚÒÔûÓз½ÏòÐԺͱ¥ºÍÐÔµÄ×÷ÓÃÁ¦½áºÏÐγɾ§Ìåʱ£¬»á¾¡Á¿²ÉÈ¡½ôÃܶѻý·½Ê½£¬ÒÔʹÆä±äµÃ±È½ÏÎȶ¨£»
¢ßͲÉÈ¡¡°¡ABCABC¡¡±ÐÍ×îÃܶѻý£¬Ã¾²ÉÈ¡¡°¡ABAB¡¡±ÐÍ×îÃܶѻý£»
¢à½ðÊô¾ßÓйâÔóÊÇÒòΪ×ÔÓɵç×ÓÄܹ»ÎüÊտɼû¹â£»
¢á¹ÌÌå»òÈÛÈÚºóÒ×µ¼µç£¬È۵㲻ÊǺܸߣ¬ÅųýʯīµÈ¹ÌÌ壬ӦΪ½ðÊô¾§Ì壻
¢â½ðÊôÔ×ӵļ۵ç×ÓÊýÔ½¶à£¬Ô×Ӱ뾶ԽС£¬×ÔÓɵç×ÓÓë½ðÊôÑôÀë×Ó¼äµÄ×÷ÓÃÁ¦Ô½´ó£¬½ðÊôµÄÈÛµãÔ½¸ß£®
½â´ð ½â£º¢Ù°Ñ½ðÊô¼üÃèÊöΪ½ðÊôÔ×ÓÍÑÂäÏÂÀ´µÄ¼Ûµç×ÓÐγɱ鲼Õû¿ì¾§ÌåµÄ¡°µç×ÓÆø¡±£¬±»ËùÓÐÔ×ÓËù¹²ÓУ¬´Ó¶ø°ÑËùÓнðÊôÔ×ÓάϵÔÚÒ»Æ𣬽ðÊô¾§ÌåÊÇÒ»ÖÖ¡°¾ÞÐÍ·Ö×Ó¡±£¬¹Ê¢ÙÕýÈ·£»
¢Ú°Ñ½ðÊô¼üÃèÊöΪ½ðÊôÔ×ÓÍÑÂäÏÂÀ´µÄ¼Ûµç×ÓÐγɱ鲼Õû¿ì¾§ÌåµÄ¡°µç×ÓÆø¡±£¬±»ËùÓÐÔ×ÓËù¹²ÓУ¬¹Ê¢ÚÕýÈ·£»
¢Û½ðÊô¾§ÌåµÄ¶Ñ»ý·½Ê½ÖпռäÀûÓÃÂÊ·Ö±ðÊÇ£º¼òµ¥Á¢·½52%£¬ÌåÐÄÁ¢·½68%£¬ÃæÐÄÁ¢·½Îª74%£®Òò´Ë¼òµ¥Á¢·½µÄ¿Õ¼äÀûÓÃÂÊ×îµÍ£¬ÃæÐÄÁ¢·½¿Õ¼äÀûÓÃÂÊ×î¸ß£¬¹Ê¢Û´íÎó£»
¢Ü½ðÊô¼üÊÇ»¯Ñ§¼üµÄÒ»ÖÖ£¬Ö÷ÒªÔÚ½ðÊôÖдæÔÚ£¬ÓÉ×ÔÓɵç×Ó¼°ÅÅÁгɾ§¸ñ×´µÄ½ðÊôÀë×ÓÖ®¼äµÄ¾²µçÎüÒýÁ¦×éºÏ¶ø³É£®ÓÉÓÚµç×ÓµÄ×ÔÓÉÔ˶¯£¬½ðÊô¼üûÓй̶¨µÄ·½Ïò£¬¹Ê¢ÜÕýÈ·£»
¢Ý½ðÊô¼üÊǽðÊôÑôÀë×ÓºÍ×ÔÓɵç×ÓÕâÁ½ÖÖ´øÒìÐÔµçºÉµÄ΢Á£¼äµÄÇ¿ÁÒ¾²µç×÷Ó㬼ȰüÀ¨ÎüÒýÒ²°üÀ¨Åųâ×÷Ó㬹ʢÝÕýÈ·£»
¢ÞÔÚÒÔûÓз½ÏòÐԺͱ¥ºÍÐÔµÄ×÷ÓÃÁ¦½áºÏÐγɾ§Ìåʱ£¬¾§Ì御Á¿²ÉÈ¡½ôÃܶѻý·½Ê½ÒÔʹÆä±äµÃ±È½ÏÎȶ¨£¬¹Ê¢ÞÕýÈ·£»
¢ßͲÉÈ¡¡°¡ABCABC¡¡±ÐÍ×îÃܶѻý£¬Ã¾²ÉÈ¡¡°¡ABAB¡¡±ÐÍ×îÃܶѻý£¬¶Ñ»ý·½Ê½²»Í¬£¬¹Ê¢ß´íÎó£»
¢àÓò¬½ð×öÊ×ÊΣ¬ÊÇÒòΪÓнðÊô¹âÔ󣬽ðÊô¾ßÓйâÔóÊÇÒòΪ×ÔÓɵç×ÓÄܹ»ÎüÊտɼû¹â£¬ÄÜÓýðÊô¼üÀíÂÛ֪ʶ½âÊÍ£¬¹Ê¢à´íÎó£»
¢á¹ÌÌå»òÈÛÈÚºóÒ×µ¼µç£¬È۵㲻ÊǺܸߣ¬ÅųýʯīµÈ¹ÌÌ壬ӦΪ½ðÊô¾§Ì壬¹Ê¢áÕýÈ·£»
¢âNa Mg AlµÄ¼Ûµç×ÓÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö¶à£¬Ô×Ӱ뾶ÒÀ´Î¼õС£¬Ôò½ðÊô¼üÒÀ´ÎÔöÇ¿£¬ËùÒÔNa Mg AlµÄÈÛµãÒÀ´ÎÉý¸ß£¬¹Ê¢â´íÎó£®
¹ÊÑ¡D£®
µãÆÀ ±¾ÌâÖ÷Òª¿¼²éÁ˽ðÊô¾§Ìå¡¢¾§ÌåµÄ¶Ñ»ý·½Ê½ÓëÔÒòÒÔ¼°½ðÊôÈÛµãµÄÅжϵȣ¬ÄѶȲ»´ó£¬×¢Òâ¶ÔӦ֪ʶµÄÕÆÎÕ£®
A£® | µÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜ£ºLi£¼Be£¼B | B£® | ×î¸ßÕý¼Û£ºO£¾N£¾C | ||
C£® | µç¸ºÐÔ£ºO£¾C£¾Si | D£® | °ë¾¶£ºK+£¾Cl- |
A£® | ¢Ù¢Ú¢Û¢Ü | B£® | Ö»ÓÐ¢Ú¢Û | C£® | ¢Ù¢Ú¢Û | D£® | ¢Ú¢Û¢Ü |
¢Ùµ¥Î»Ê±¼äÄÚÉú³É2n molAµÄͬʱÉú³É2n molC
¢Úµ¥Î»Ê±¼äÄÚÉú³Én molB µÄͬʱ£¬Éú³É2n molA
¢ÛÓÃA¡¢C µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È±ä»¯±íʾµÄ·´Ó¦ËÙÂʵıÈΪ1£º1µÄ״̬
¢Ü»ìºÏÆøÌåµÄѹǿ²»ÔٸıäµÄ״̬
¢Ý»ìºÏÆøÌåµÄÃܶȲ»ÔٸıäµÄ״̬
¢Þ»ìºÏÆøÌåµÄƽ¾ùÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿²»ÔٸıäµÄ״̬£®
A£® | ¢Ù¢Ü¢Þ | B£® | ¢Ú¢Û¢Ý | C£® | ¢Ù¢Ü¢Ý¢Þ | D£® | ¢Ù¢Ý¢Þ |
I£®¼ÓÈëNaOHºÍNa2CO3»ìºÏÒº£¬¼ÓÈÈ£¬½þÅÝÊýСʱ£»
II£®·Å³öÏ´µÓ·ÏÒº£¬ÇåË®³åÏ´¹ø¯£¬¼ÓÈëÏ¡ÑÎËáºÍÉÙÁ¿NaFÈÜÒº£¬½þÅÝ£»
III£®ÏòÏ´ÒºÖмÓÈëNa2SO3ÈÜÒº£»
IV£®ÇåÏ´´ï±ê£¬ÓÃNaNO2ÈÜÒº¶Û»¯¹ø¯£®
£¨1£©ÔÚ²½ÖèIÖУº
¢ÙÓÃNaOHÊÇΪÁËÈܽâ³ýȥˮ¹¸ÖеÄSiO2£¬·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÊÇSiO2+2NaOH¨TNa2SiO3+H2O£®
¢ÚÒÑÖª£º20¡æʱÈܽâ¶È/g
CaCO3 | CaSO4 | Mg£¨OH£©2 | MgCO3 |
1.4¡Á10-3 | 2.55¡Á10-2 | 9¡Á10-4 | 1.1¡Á10-2 |
£¨2£©ÔÚ²½ÖèIIÖУº
¢Ù¼ÓÈëÏ¡ÑÎËáºÍÉÙÁ¿NaFÈÜÒºÄܳýµôµÄË®¹¸ÊÇCaCO3¡¢Mg£¨OH£©2¡¢Fe2O3¡¢SiO2£¨Ìѧʽ£©£®
¢ÚÇåÏ´¹ý³ÌÖУ¬ÈܽâµÄFe2O3»á¼ÓËÙ¹ø¯¸¯Ê´£¬ÓÃÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ½âÊÍÆäÔÒò2Fe3++Fe¨T3Fe2+£®
£¨3£©²½ÖèIIIÖУ¬¼ÓÈëNa2SO3µÄÄ¿µÄÊǽ«Fe3+»¹Ô³ÉFe2+£¬·ÀÖ¹Fe3+¸¯Ê´¹ø¯£®
£¨4£©²½Öè¢ôÖУ¬¶Û»¯ºóµÄ¹ø¯±íÃæ»á¸²¸ÇÒ»²ãÖÂÃܵÄFe3O4±£»¤Ä¤£®
¢ÙÍê³É²¢ÅäƽÆä·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ£º
¡õFe+¡õNO${\;}_{2}^{-}$+¡õH2O¨T¡õN2¡ü+¡õFe3O4+¡õ
¢ÚÏÂÃæ¼ì²â¶Û»¯Ð§¹ûµÄ·½·¨ºÏÀíµÄÊÇab£¨ÌîÐòºÅ£©£®
a£®ÔÚ¯ÃæÉϵμÓËáÐÔCuSO4ÈÜÒº£¬¹Û²ìÀ¶É«ÏûʧµÄʱ¼ä
b£®ÔÚ¯ÃæÉϵμÓËáÐÔKSCNÈÜÒº£¬¹Û²ìºìÉ«ÏûʧµÄʱ¼ä
c£®ÔÚ¯ÃæÉϵμÓŨH2SO4£¬¹Û²ìÈÜÒº³öÏÖ×Ø»ÆÉ«µÄʱ¼ä
d£®ÔÚ¯ÃæÉϵμÓŨHNO3£¬¹Û²ì³öÏÖºì×ØÉ«ÆøÌåµÄʱ¼ä£®
A£® | ÔÚ»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦ÖУ¬Ô×ÓÖØÐÂ×éºÏʱ°éËæ×ÅÄÜÁ¿µÄ±ä»¯ | |
B£® | µí·ÛºÍÏËάËصĻ¯Ñ§Ê½¾ùΪ£¨C6H10O5£©n£¬¹Ê»¥ÎªÍ¬·ÖÒì¹¹Ìå | |
C£® | ͨ¹ý»¯Ñ§±ä»¯¿ÉÒÔ¡°µãʯ³É½ð¡±£¬¼´¿É½«ð¤ÍÁת»¯³É½ðµ¥ÖÊ | |
D£® | µÈÖÊÁ¿µÄÂÁ·Û°´a¡¢bÁ½ÖÖ;¾¶Íêȫת»¯£¬Í¾¾¶a±È;¾¶bÏûºÄ¸ü¶àµÄNaOH ;¾¶a£ºAl$¡ú_{µãȼ}^{O_{2}}$Al2O3$\stackrel{NaOHÈÜÒº}{¡ú}$NaAlO2£»Í¾¾¶b£ºAl$\stackrel{NaOHÈÜÒº}{¡ú}$NaAlO2 |