ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿Ê¹ÓÃÁ׷ʸ±²úÎï·ú¹èËáÄÆ(Na2SiF6)ΪÔÁϺϳɱù¾§Ê¯(Na3AlF6)³ÉΪһÌõºÏÀíÀûÓÃ×ÊÔ´¡¢Ìá¸ß¾¼ÃЧÒæµÄз½·¨¡£¹¤ÒÕÁ÷³ÌÈçÏÂͼËùʾ£º
£¨1£©´«Í³ºÏ³É±ù¾§Ê¯µÄ·½·¨ÊÇөʯ(CaF2)·¨£ºÊ¹ÓÃөʯ¡¢Ê¯Ó¢ºÍ´¿¼îÔÚ¸ßÎÂÏÂìÑÉÕÉú³ÉNaF£¬ÔÚNaFÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëAl2(SO4)3ÈÜÒºÖƵá£ÔÚ¼ÓÈëÁòËáÂÁÈÜҺǰ£¬ÐèÏÈÓÃÁòËὫNaFÈÜÒºµÄpHϵ÷ÖÁ5×óÓÒ£¬
·ñÔò¿ÉÄܲúÉú¸±²úÎï____(ÌîÎïÖʵĻ¯Ñ§Ê½)£¬µ«Ëá¶È²»Ò˹ýÇ¿µÄÔÒòÊÇ____¡£
£¨2£©°±½âʱ°×Ì¿ºÚ²úÂʺͱù¾§Ê¯´¿¶ÈÓëpHµÄ¹ØϵÈçͼ£¬°±½âʱÐèÒª¿ØÖÆÈÜÒºµÄpH£½____£»ÄÜÌá¸ß°±½âËÙÂʵĴëÊ©ÓÐ____(Ìî×Öĸ)¡£
A£®¿ìËÙ½Á°è
B£®¼ÓÈÈ»ìºÏÒºÖÁ100¡æ
C£®¼õС°±Ë®Å¨¶È
£¨3£©¹¤ÒÕÁ÷³ÌÖа±½â·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ____£»±ù¾§Ê¯ºÏ³É·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ______¡£
£¨4£©ÎªÁËÌá¸ßÔÁÏÀûÓÃÂÊ£¬¼õÉÙ»·¾³ÎÛȾ£¬¿É²ÉÈ¡µÄ´ëÊ©ÊÇ___¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿Al(OH)3 H£«ºÍF£½áºÏÉú³ÉÈõËáHF£¬Ê¹F£Å¨¶È¼õµÍ²»Ò×Éú³ÉNa3AlF6 8.5 A Na2SiF6£«4NH3¡¤H2O=2NaF£«4NH4F£«SiO2¡ý£«2H2O 3Na£«£«4NH4+£«6F££«AlO2-£«2H2O=Na3AlF6¡ý£«4NH3¡¤H2O ¹ýÂË2µÄÂËÒº°±Ë®¿ÉÑ»·ÀûÓÃ
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
¸ù¾ÝÁ÷³Ìͼ£¬°±Ë®½þÈ¡·ú¹èËáÄÆʱÉú³ÉÁ˶þÑõ»¯¹è£¬Ôòͬʱ»áÉú³ÉNaF¡¢NH4FºÍH2O£¬·´Ó¦µÄ·½³Ìʽ¿ÉÒÔ±íʾΪNa2SiF6+4NH3H2O¨T2NaF+4NH4F+ SiO2¡ý+2H2O£¬Òò´ËÂËÒºÖк¬ÓÐNaF¡¢NH4F£¬¼ÓÈëNaAlO2ÈÜÒºµÃµ½Na3AlF6£¬¹ýÂË2µÃµ½µÄÂËҺΪ°±ÆøË®ÈÜÒº£¬¿ÉÑ»·Ê¹Ó㬾ݴ˷ÖÎö½â´ð¡£
(1)´«Í³ºÏ³É±ù¾§Ê¯µÄ·½·¨ÊÇөʯ(CaF2)·¨£¬ÊÇʹÓÃөʯ¡¢Ê¯Ó¢ºÍ´¿¼îÔÚ¸ßÎÂÏÂìÑÉÕÉú³ÉNaF£¬ÔÚNaFÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëAl2(SO4)3ÈÜÒºÖƵá£NaFË®½â£¬ÈÜÒºÏÔ¼îÐÔ£¬ÔÚ¼ÓÈëÁòËáÂÁÈÜҺǰ£¬ÐèÏÈÓÃÁòËὫNaFÈÜÒºµÄpHϵ÷ÖÁ5×óÓÒ£¬·ÀÖ¹¼ÓÈëÁòËáÂÁºóÉú³ÉAl(OH)3³Áµí£»µ«Ëá¶È²»Ò˹ýÇ¿£¬·ñÔòH£«ºÍF£½áºÏÉú³ÉÈõËáHF£¬Ê¹F£Å¨¶È¼õµÍ²»Ò×Éú³ÉNa3AlF6£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºAl(OH)3£»H£«ºÍF£½áºÏÉú³ÉÈõËáHF£¬Ê¹F£Å¨¶È¼õµÍ²»Ò×Éú³ÉNa3AlF6£»
(2)´Óͼ¿ÉÖª£¬pHΪ8.5ʱ£¬±ù¾§Ê¯Öа×Ì¿ºÚµÄº¬Á¿½ÏµÍ£¬±ù¾§Ê¯´¿¶È½Ï¸ß£¬°×Ì¿ºÚ²úÂʸߣ»A£®¿ìËÙ½Á°è¿ÉÒÔ¼Ó¿ì·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ£¬¹ÊAÕýÈ·£»B£®¼ÓÈÈ»ìºÏÒºÖÁ100¡æ£¬°±Ë®ÊÜÈȷֽ⣬·´Ó¦ÎïŨ¶ÈС£¬»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦ËÙÂʼõÂý£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»C£®¼õС°±Ë®Å¨¶È£¬»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦ËÙÂʼõÂý£¬¹ÊC´íÎ󣻹ʴð°¸Îª£º8.5£»A£»
(3) ¸ù¾ÝÁ÷³Ìͼ£¬°±Ë®½þÈ¡·ú¹èËáÄÆʱÉú³ÉÁ˶þÑõ»¯¹è£¬Ôòͬʱ»áÉú³ÉNaF¡¢NH4FºÍH2O£¬·´Ó¦µÄ·½³Ìʽ¿ÉÒÔ±íʾΪNa2SiF6+4NH3H2O¨T2NaF+4NH4F+ SiO2¡ý+2H2O£¬Ë®Ô¡¼ÓÈȹý³ÌÖÐÉú³É±ù¾§Ê¯µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º2NaF+4NH4F+NaAlO2+2H2O= Na3AlF6¡ý+4NH3¡¤H2O£¬Àë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ3Na£«+4NH4++6F£+AlO2-+2H2O=Na3AlF6¡ý+4NH3¡¤H2O£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºNa2SiF6+4NH3H2O¨T2NaF+4NH4F+ SiO2¡ý+2H2O£»3Na£«+4NH4++6F£+AlO2-+2H2O=Na3AlF6¡ý+4NH3¡¤H2O£»
(4)¸ù¾ÝÉÏÊö·ÖÎö£¬µÚ¶þ´Î¹ýÂËËùµÃÂËҺΪ°±Ë®ÈÜÒº£¬ÎªÁËÌá¸ßÔÁÏÀûÓÃÂÊ£¬¼õÉÙ»·¾³ÎÛȾ£¬¿ÉÑ»·Ê¹Óð±Ë®£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º¹ýÂË2µÄÂËÒº°±Ë®¿ÉÑ»·ÀûÓá£