ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
³£ÎÂÏ£¬0.1 mol/L°±Ë®ÈÜÒºÖУ½1¡Á10-8£¬ÏÂÁÐÐðÊö´íÎóµÄÊÇ
A£®¸ÃÈÜÒºÖÐÇâÀë×ÓµÄŨ¶È£ºc(H+ ) £½ 1¡Á10-9 mol/L |
B£®0.1 mol/L°±Ë®ÈÜÒºÓë0.1 mol/L HClÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏºóËùµÃÈÜÒºÖУº c(NH4+ ) + c(H+ ) £½ c(Cl- ) + c(OH-) |
C£®0.1 mol/LµÄ°±Ë®ÈÜÒºÓë0.05 mol/L H2SO4ÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏºóËùµÃÈÜÒºÖУº c(NH4+ ) + c(NH3) + c(NH3¡¤H2O) £½ 2c(SO42-) |
D£®Å¨¶È¾ùΪ0.1 mol/LµÄNH3¡¤H2OºÍNH4ClÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏºó£¬ÈôÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬Ôò |
AD
½âÎöÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£ºA¡¢£½1¡Á10-8£¬Kw=c(H+)c(OH-)=1¡Á10-14£¬½âµÃc(H+)=10-11mol/L£¬´íÎó£»B¡¢µçºÉÊغ㣬ÕýÈ·£»C¡¢ÎïÁÏÊغ㣬ÕýÈ·£»D¡¢ÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ËµÃ÷µçÀë´óÓÚË®½â£¬c(NH3¡¤H2O)<0.1mol/L£¬c(Cl-)=0.1mol/L£¬¹Ê´íÎó¡£
¿¼µã£ºµç½âÖÊÈÜÒº£¬Àë×ÓŨ¶È´óС±È½Ï¡£
25¡æʱ£¬Å¨¶È¾ùΪ0.1mol/LµÄHAÈÜÒººÍBOHÈÜÒº£¬pH·Ö±ðÊÇ1ºÍ11¡£ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
A£®ÔÚ0.1mol/LBAÈÜÒºÖУ¬c(A-)+c(H+)=c(BOH)+c(OH-) |
B£®Èô½«0.1mol/LBOHÈÜҺϡÊÍÖÁ0.001mol/L£¬ÔòÈÜÒºµÄpH=9 |
C£®Èô½«Ò»¶¨Á¿µÄÉÏÊöÁ½ÈÜÒº»ìºÏºópH=7£¬Ôò»ìºÏÒºÖУºc(A-)£¾c(B+) |
D£®Èô½«ÉÏÊöÁ½ÈÜÒº°´Ìå»ý±È1£º2»ìºÏ£¬Ôò»ìºÏÒºÖУºc(B+)£¾c(A-)£¾c(BOH)£¾c(OH-)£¾c(H+) |
20¡æʱÏò20mL 0.1mol¡¤L£1´×ËáÈÜÒºÖв»¶ÏµÎÈë0.1mol¡¤L£1NaOH(aq)£¬ÈÜÒºpH±ä»¯ÈçͼËùʾ¡£´Ë¹ý³ÌÀïÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈµÄ¹Øϵ´íÎóµÄÊÇ
A£®aµã£ºc(Na+)£¾c(CH3COO£)£¾c(H+)£¾c(OH£) |
B£®bµã£ºc(Na+) = c(CH3COO£)£¾c(H+) = c(OH£) |
C£®cµã£ºc(H+) = c(CH3COOH) + c(OH£) |
D£®dµã£ºc(Na+)£¾c(CH3COO£)£¾c(OH£)£¾c(H+) |
ÏÂÁÐÎïÖʵÄË®ÈÜÒº¾¼ÓÈÈŨËõ£¬Õô¸É×ÆÉÕÈÔÄܵõ½ÔÎïÖʵÄÊÇ
A£®FeCl3 | B£®Cu(NO3)2 | C£®Na2SO3 | D£®NaAlO2 |
ÓÉÒÑÖªµçÀë³£ÊýÅжϣ¬SO2ÓëNa2CO3(aq)·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ²»ºÏÀíµÄÊÇ
Ëá | µçÀë³£Êý |
̼Ëá | Ki1 =" " 4.3¡Á10-7 Ki2 =" " 5.6¡Á10-11 |
ÑÇÁòËá | Ki1 =" " 1.54¡Á10-2 Ki2 =" " 1.02¡Á10-7 |
A£®SO2 + H2O + 2CO32- ¡ú 2HCO3- + SO32-
B£®SO2 + H2O + CO32- ¡ú H2 CO3 + SO32-
C£®2SO2 + 2H2O + CO32- ¡ú H2 CO3 + 2HSO3-
D£®SO2 + H2O + CO32- ¡ú H CO3- + HSO3-
ijζÈÏ£¬Ìå»ýºÍpH¶¼ÏàͬµÄÑÎËáºÍÂÈ»¯ï§ÈÜÒº¼ÓˮϡÊÍʱµÄpH±ä»¯ÇúÏßÈçÏÂͼËùʾ£¬ÏÂÁÐÅжÏÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
A£®a¡¢cÁ½µãÈÜÒºµÄµ¼µçÄÜÁ¦Ïàͬ |
B£®bµãÈÜÒºÖÐc(H+)+c(NH3¡¤H2O)=c(OH£) |
C£®a¡¢b¡¢cÈýµãÈÜҺˮµÄµçÀë³Ì¶Èa£¾b£¾c |
D£®ÓëµÈÌå»ýb¡¢c´¦ÈÜÒº·´Ó¦£¬ÏûºÄµÈÁ¿µÄNaOH |
ÈËÌåѪҺÀï´æÔÚÈçÏÂƽºâ£ºCO2£«H2OH2CO3HCO3£Ê¹ÈËÌåѪҺpHÖµ±£³ÖÔÚ7.35¡«7.45Ö®¼ä£¬·ñÔò¾Í»á·¢ÉúËáÖж¾»ò¼îÖж¾¡£ÆäpHÖµËæc(HCO3£):c(H2CO3)±ä»¯¹ØϵÈçϱíËùʾ£¬ÔòÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÖÐÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
c(HCO3£):c(H2CO3) | 1.0 | 17.8 | 20.0 | 22.4 |
pH | 6.10 | 7.35 | 7.40 | 7.45 |
A£®Õý³£ÈËÌåѪҺÖУ¬HCO3£µÄË®½â³Ì¶ÈСÓÚµçÀë³Ì¶È
B£®ÈËÌå·¢ÉúËáÖж¾Ê±£¬¿ÉÒûÓÃ̼ËáÒûÁÏ»º½â
C£®pH=7.00µÄѪҺÖУ¬c(HCO3£)£½c(H2CO3)
D.³£ÎÂÏÂpH=7.40µÄѪҺϡÊÍÖÁpH=7.35£¬c(H£«)¡¤c(OH£)Ò»¶¨²»±ä
Óг£ÎÂÏÂÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È¾ùΪ0.1 mo/LµÄ¢Ù°±Ë®¢ÚNH4ClÈÜÒº¢ÛNa2CO3ÈÜÒº¢ÜNaHCO3ÈÜÒº£¬ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
A£®4ÖÖÈÜÒºpHµÄ´óС˳Ðò£º¢Ù>¢Ü>¢Û>¢Ú |
B£®µÈÌå»ýµÄ¢ÙºÍ¢ÚÈÜÒº»ìºÏºópH>7£¬c(NH3¡¤H2O)>c( NH4£«) |
C£®ÈÜÒº¢Ù¡¢¢ÛÓÉË®µçÀë²úÉúµÄc(OH¨D )£º¢Ù<¢Û |
D£®ÈÜÒº¢Û¡¢¢ÜµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏºó£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐc(CO32£)>c(HCO3) |