ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
4£®¼×ÒÒÁ½Î»Í¬Ñ§·Ö±ðÓò»Í¬µÄ·½·¨ÅäÖÆ100mL 3.6mol•L-1µÄÏ¡ÁòËᣮ£¨1£©Èô²ÉÓÃ18mol•L-1µÄŨÁòËáÅäÖÆÈÜÒº£¬ÐèÒªÓõ½Å¨ÁòËáµÄÌå»ýΪ20.0 mL£®
£¨2£©¼×ѧÉú£ºÁ¿È¡Å¨ÁòËᣬСÐĵص¹ÈëÊ¢ÓÐÉÙÁ¿Ë®µÄÉÕ±ÖУ¬½Á°è¾ùÔÈ£¬´ýÀäÈ´ÖÁÊÒκóתÒƵ½100mLÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÖУ¬ÓÃÉÙÁ¿µÄË®½«ÉÕ±µÈÒÇÆ÷Ï´µÓ2¡«3´Î£¬Ã¿´ÎÏ´µÓҺҲתÒƵ½ÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÖУ¬È»ºóСÐĵØÏòÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÖмÓË®ÖÁ¿Ì¶ÈÏ߶¨ÈÝ£¬ÈûºÃÆ¿Èû£¬·´¸´ÉÏϵߵ¹Ò¡ÔÈ£®
½«ÈÜҺתÒƵ½ÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÖеÄÕýÈ·²Ù×÷Êǽ«²£Á§°ô²åÈëÈÝÁ¿Æ¿¿Ì¶ÈÏßÒÔÏ£¬Çá¿¿Æ¿±Ú£¬°ÑÈÜÒºÑز£Á§°ôÂýÂýµØµ¹ÈëÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÖУ®
£¨3£©ÈôʵÑéÖÐÓöµ½ÏÂÁÐÇé¿ö£¬¶ÔÁòËáÈÜÒºµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈÓкÎÓ°Ï죨Ìî¡°Æ«¸ß¡±¡¢¡°Æ«µÍ¡±»ò¡°²»±ä¡±£©£¿
¢Ù¶¨ÈÝʱ¹Û²ìÒºÃ温ÊÓ£¬Æ«¸ß£®
¢Úδ¾ÀäÈ´³ÃÈȽ«ÈÜҺעÈëÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÖУ¬Æ«¸ß£®
¢ÛÒ¡ÔȺó·¢ÏÖÒºÃæµÍÓڿ̶ÈÏßÔÙ¼ÓË®£¬Æ«µÍ£®
¢ÜÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÖÐÔÓÐÉÙÁ¿ÕôÁóË®£¬²»±ä£®
£¨4£©ÒÒѧÉú£ºÓÃ100mLÁ¿Í²Á¿È¡Å¨ÁòËᣬ²¢ÏòÆäÖÐСÐĵؼÓÈëÉÙÁ¿Ë®£¬½Á°è¾ùÔÈ£¬´ýÀäÈ´ÖÁÊÒκó£¬ÔÙ¼ÓË®ÖÁ100mL¿Ì¶ÈÏߣ¬½Á°è¾ùÔÈ£¬ÄãÈÏΪ´Ë·¨ÊÇ·ñÕýÈ·£¿Èô²»ÕýÈ·£¬Ö¸³öÆäÖдíÎóÖ®´¦²»ÕýÈ·£®²»ÄÜÓÃÁ¿Í²ÅäÖÆÈÜÒº£¬²»Äܽ«Ë®¼ÓÈ뵽ŨÁòËáÖУ®
·ÖÎö £¨1£©¸ù¾ÝŨÈÜÒºµÄÏ¡ÊÍÇ°ºóÈÜÖʵÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿²»±ä¼ÆË㣻
£¨2£©Èô½«²£Á§°ô²åÈëÈÝÁ¿Æ¿¿Ì¶ÈÏßÒÔÉÏ£¬»áʹÉÙÁ¿ÈÜÒºÖÍÁôÔڿ̶ÈÏßÒÔÉ϶øµ¼Ö¶¨ÈÝʱÓÐÆ«²î£»
£¨3£©¸ù¾ÝC=$\frac{n}{V}$£¬Í¨¹ýÅжϲ»µ±²Ù×÷¶ÔÈÜÖʵÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿nºÍÈÜÒºÌå»ýVµÄÓ°ÏìÀ´·ÖÎöÎó²î£»
£¨4£©¸ù¾ÝÁ¿Í²µÄ×÷Óᢽ«Ë®¼ÓÈëÁòËáÖÐÓкÎΣÏÕ·ÖÎö£®
½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©¸ù¾ÝC1V1=C2V2µÃ£¬V1=$\frac{{C}_{2}V{\;}_{2}}{{C}_{1}}$=$\frac{0.1L¡Á3.6mol/L}{18mol/L}$=20.0ml£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª20.0mL£»
£¨2£©Èô½«²£Á§°ô²åÈëÈÝÁ¿Æ¿¿Ì¶ÈÏßÒÔÉÏ£¬»áʹÉÙÁ¿ÈÜÒºÖÍÁôÔڿ̶ÈÏßÒÔÉ϶øµ¼Ö¶¨ÈÝʱÓÐÆ«²î£»ÓÉÓÚÈÝÁ¿Æ¿¾¢½Ïϸ£¬Îª±ÜÃâÈÜÒºÈ÷ÔÚÍâÃæÓ¦Óò£Á§°ôÒýÁ÷£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º½«²£Á§°ô²åÈëÈÝÁ¿Æ¿¿Ì¶ÈÏßÒÔÏ£¬Çá¿¿Æ¿±Ú£¬°ÑÈÜÒºÑز£Á§°ôÂýÂýµØµ¹ÈëÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÖУ»
£¨3£©¢Ù¶¨ÈÝʱ¹Û²ìÒºÃ温ÊӻᵼÖÂÈÜÒºÌå»ýƫС£¬ÔòŨ¶ÈÆ«¸ß£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÆ«¸ß£»
¢Úδ¾ÀäÈ´½«ÈÜҺעÈëÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÖУ¬ÔòÀäÈ´ºóÈÜÒºÌå»ýƫС£¬ÔòŨ¶ÈÆ«¸ß£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÆ«¸ß£»
¢ÛÒ¡ÔȺó·¢ÏÖÒºÃæϽµÊÇÕý³£µÄ£¬ÈôÔÙ¼ÓË®£¬Ôò»áµ¼ÖÂŨ¶ÈÆ«µÍ£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÆ«µÍ£»
¢ÜÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÖÐÔÓÐÉÙÁ¿ÕôÁóË®£¬ÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ý²»±ä£¬Å¨¶È²»±ä£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º²»±ä£®
£¨4£©Á¿Í²Ö»ÄÜÁ¿È¡ÒºÌå²»ÄÜÅäÖÃÈÜÒº£¬Èç¹û½«Ë®¼ÓÈëŨÁòËáÖлáÔì³ÉÒºÌå·É½¦£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º²»ÕýÈ·£»²»ÄÜÓÃÁ¿Í²ÅäÖÆÈÜÒº¡¢²»Äܽ«Ë®¼ÓÈ뵽ŨÁòËáÖУ®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÁËÒ»¶¨ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈÈÜÒºµÄÅäÖƵÄÎó²î·ÖÎö£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶȲ»´ó£¬¸ù¾ÝC=$\frac{n}{V}$£¬ÏÈÅжÏÊÇÈÜÖʸı仹ÊÇÈÜÒº¸Ä±ä£¬´Ó¶øÅжÏŨ¶ÈÆ«´ó»¹ÊÇƫС£®
A£® | 5.6gµÄÌúÓë0.1mol Cl2³ä·Ö·´Ó¦×ªÒƵç×Ó0.3NA | |
B£® | Ò»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏ£¬2.3gµÄNaÍêÈ«ÓëO2·´Ó¦Éú³É3.6g²úÎïʱʧȥµÄµç×ÓÊýΪ0.1NA | |
C£® | 1.0LµÄ0.1 mol•L-1AlCl3ÈÜÒºÖк¬ÓеÄAl3+Àë×ÓÊýΪ0.1NA | |
D£® | ±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£¬22.4LµÄCCl4Öк¬ÓеÄCCl4·Ö×ÓÊýΪNA |
A£® | ±¥ºÍÂÈË®ÖÐ Cl-¡¢NO3-¡¢Na+¡¢SO32- | |
B£® | c£¨H+£©=1.0¡Á10-13mol/LÈÜÒºÖÐ C6H5O-¡¢K+¡¢SO42-¡¢Br- | |
C£® | Na2SÈÜÒºÖÐ SO42-¡¢K+¡¢Cl-¡¢Cu2+ | |
D£® | pH=12µÄÈÜÒºÖÐ NO3-¡¢I-¡¢Na+¡¢Al3+ |
ÔªËØ´úºÅ | X | Y | Z | W |
Ô×Ӱ뾶/pm | 160 | 143 | 70 | 66 |
Ö÷Òª»¯ºÏ¼Û | +2 | +3 | +5¡¢+3¡¢-3 | -2 |
A£® | X¡¢YÔªËصĽðÊôÐÔ X£¼Y | |
B£® | Ò»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏ£¬Wµ¥ÖÊ¿ÉÒÔ½«Zµ¥ÖÊ´ÓÆäÇ⻯ÎïÖÐÖû»³öÀ´ | |
C£® | Ò»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏ£¬Zµ¥ÖÊÓëWµÄ³£¼ûµ¥ÖÊÖ±½ÓÉú³ÉZW2 | |
D£® | YµÄ×î¸ß¼ÛÑõ»¯Îï¶ÔÓ¦µÄË®»¯ÎïÄÜÈÜÓÚÏ¡°±Ë® |