ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
ÏÂÁÐÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈµÄ¹ØϵÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
A¡¢0.10mol?L-1Na2CO3ÈÜÒº£ºc(Na+)+c(H+)=c(OH-)+c(HCO3-)+c(CO32-) | B¡¢0.1mol?L-1NaHAÈÜÒº£¬ÆäpHµÈÓÚ4£ºc(HA-)£¾c(H+)£¾c(H2A)£¾c(A2-) | C¡¢½«×ãÁ¿µÄAgCl¹ÌÌå·Ö±ð·ÅÈë5 mLË®ºÍ10 mL 0.1mol?L-1µÄNaClÈÜÒºÖÐÈܽâÖÁ±¥ºÍ£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨Ag+£©Ç°Õß´óÓÚºóÕß | D¡¢ÏàͬζÈÏ£¬pH=12µÄNaOHÈÜÒººÍpH=12µÄCH3COONaÈÜÒºÖУ¬ÓÉË®µçÀë²úÉúµÄc£¨OH-£©Ç°Õß´óÓÚºóÕß |
·ÖÎö£ºA£®ÈκÎÈÜÒºÖж¼´æÔÚµçºÉÊغ㣬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغãÅжϣ»
B£®NaHAÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬ËµÃ÷HA-µÄµçÀë³Ì¶È´óÓÚË®½â³Ì¶È£»
C£®º¬ÓÐÂÈÀë×ÓµÄÎïÖÊÒÖÖÆÂÈ»¯ÒøµçÀ룻
D£®¼îÒÖÖÆË®µçÀ룬º¬ÓÐÈõ¸ùÀë×ÓµÄÑδٽøË®µçÀ룮
B£®NaHAÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬ËµÃ÷HA-µÄµçÀë³Ì¶È´óÓÚË®½â³Ì¶È£»
C£®º¬ÓÐÂÈÀë×ÓµÄÎïÖÊÒÖÖÆÂÈ»¯ÒøµçÀ룻
D£®¼îÒÖÖÆË®µçÀ룬º¬ÓÐÈõ¸ùÀë×ÓµÄÑδٽøË®µçÀ룮
½â´ð£º½â£ºA£®ÈκÎÈÜÒºÖж¼´æÔÚµçºÉÊغ㣬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغãµÃc£¨Na+£©+c£¨H+£©=c£¨HCO3-£©+2c£¨CO32-£©+c£¨OH-£©£¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
B£®NaHAÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬ËµÃ÷HA-µÄµçÀë³Ì¶È´óÓÚË®½â³Ì¶È£¬HA-ÎÞÂÛµçÀ뻹ÊÇË®½â¶¼½Ï΢Èõ£¬ËùÒÔÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС˳ÐòÊÇc£¨HA-£©£¾c£¨A2-£©£¾c£¨H2A£©£¬Ë®µçÀë³ö²¿·ÖÇâÀë×Ó£¬HA-µçÀë³öÇâÀë×Ó£¬ËùÒÔc£¨H+£©£¾c£¨A2-£©£¬ËùÒÔÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС˳ÐòÊÇc£¨HA-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨A2-£©£¾c£¨H2A£©£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C£®º¬ÓÐÂÈÀë×ÓµÄÎïÖÊÒÖÖÆÂÈ»¯ÒøµçÀ룬ËùÒÔË®ÖÐÒøÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óÓÚÂÈ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÖÐÒøÀë×ÓŨ¶È£¬¹ÊCÕýÈ·£»
D£®¼îÒÖÖÆË®µçÀ룬º¬ÓÐÈõ¸ùÀë×ÓµÄÑδٽøË®µçÀ룬ËùÒÔÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÒÖÖÆË®µçÀ룬´×ËáÄÆ´Ù½øË®µçÀ룬ËùÒÔÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÖÐË®µçÀë³öµÄÇâÑõ¸ùÀë×ÓСÓÚ´×ËáÄÆÈÜÒºÖÐË®µçÀë³öµÄÇâÑõ¸ùÀë×Ó£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£»
¹ÊÑ¡£ºC£®
B£®NaHAÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬ËµÃ÷HA-µÄµçÀë³Ì¶È´óÓÚË®½â³Ì¶È£¬HA-ÎÞÂÛµçÀ뻹ÊÇË®½â¶¼½Ï΢Èõ£¬ËùÒÔÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС˳ÐòÊÇc£¨HA-£©£¾c£¨A2-£©£¾c£¨H2A£©£¬Ë®µçÀë³ö²¿·ÖÇâÀë×Ó£¬HA-µçÀë³öÇâÀë×Ó£¬ËùÒÔc£¨H+£©£¾c£¨A2-£©£¬ËùÒÔÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС˳ÐòÊÇc£¨HA-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨A2-£©£¾c£¨H2A£©£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C£®º¬ÓÐÂÈÀë×ÓµÄÎïÖÊÒÖÖÆÂÈ»¯ÒøµçÀ룬ËùÒÔË®ÖÐÒøÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óÓÚÂÈ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÖÐÒøÀë×ÓŨ¶È£¬¹ÊCÕýÈ·£»
D£®¼îÒÖÖÆË®µçÀ룬º¬ÓÐÈõ¸ùÀë×ÓµÄÑδٽøË®µçÀ룬ËùÒÔÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÒÖÖÆË®µçÀ룬´×ËáÄÆ´Ù½øË®µçÀ룬ËùÒÔÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÖÐË®µçÀë³öµÄÇâÑõ¸ùÀë×ÓСÓÚ´×ËáÄÆÈÜÒºÖÐË®µçÀë³öµÄÇâÑõ¸ùÀë×Ó£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£»
¹ÊÑ¡£ºC£®
µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éÁËÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óСµÄ±È½Ï£¬¸ù¾Ýµç½âÖʵÄÐÔÖʼ°ÈÜÒºµÄËá¼îÐÔ¡¢µçºÉÊغãÀ´·ÖÎö½â´ð¼´¿É£¬ÄѶÈÖеȣ®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿