ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
6£®½«¼¸µÎKSCN£¨SCN-ÊÇ¡°Àà±Àë×Ó¡±£©ÈÜÒº¼ÓÈëËáÐԵĺ¬ÓÐFe3+µÄÈÜÒºÖУ¬ÈÜÒº±ä³ÉºìÉ«£¬½«¸ÃºìÉ«ÈÜÒº·ÖΪÁ½·Ý£¬¢ÙÒ»·ÝÖмÓÈëÊÊÁ¿KMnO4ÈÜÒº£¬ºìÉ«ÍÊÈ¥£»¢ÚÏòÁíÒ»·ÝÖÐͨÈëSO2£¬ºìÉ«Ò²ÍÊÈ¥£®ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨²»ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©A£® | ¢ÙºìÉ«ÍÊÈ¥µÄÔÒòÊÇKMnO4½«SCN-Ñõ»¯£¬Ê¹Fe£¨SCN£©3Ïûʧ | |
B£® | ¢ÚºìÉ«ÍÊÈ¥µÄÔÒòÊÇSO2½«Fe3+»¹ÔΪFe2+ | |
C£® | ¢ÚºìÉ«ÍÊÈ¥µÄÔÒòÊÇSO2½«SCN-»¹Ô | |
D£® | SCN-ÔÚÊʵ±Ìõ¼þÏ¿Éʧȥµç×Ó±»Ñõ»¯¼ÁÑõ»¯Îª£¨SCN£©2 |
·ÖÎö A£®¸ù¾Ý¸ßÃÌËá¼Ø¾ßÓÐÇ¿Ñõ»¯ÐÔ£¬¿ÉÒÔ½«SCN-Ñõ»¯µÄÔÀíÀ´Åжϣ»
B£®¸ù¾Ý¶þÑõ»¯Áò¾ßÓл¹ÔÐÔ£¬Fe3+¾ßÓÐÑõ»¯ÐÔ½â´ð£»
C£®SO2ÖÐÁòÔªËØΪ+4¼Û£¬SCN-Àë×Ó̼ԪËØÏÔ+4¼Û£¬µªÔªËØÏÔ-3¼Û£¬ÁòÔªËصĻ¯ºÏ¼ÛΪ-2¼Û£»
D£®¸ßÃÌËá¼Ø¾ßÓÐÇ¿Ñõ»¯ÐÔ£¬¿ÉÒÔ½«»¹ÔÐÔµÄÀë×ÓÑõ»¯£»
½â´ð ½â£ºA£®Èý¼ÛÌúÀë×ÓÓöµ½ÁòÇèËá¼Ø»á·¢ÉúÂçºÏ·´Ó¦£ºFe3++3SCN-?Fe£¨SCN£©3£¬ÏÔºìÉ«£¬¸ßÃÌËá¼Ø¾ßÓÐÇ¿Ñõ»¯ÐÔ£¬¿ÉÒÔ½«SCN-Ñõ»¯£¬Ê¹[ºìÉ«Ïûʧ£¬¹ÊAÕýÈ·£»
B£®Fe3+¾ßÓÐÑõ»¯ÐÔ£¬¶þÑõ»¯Áò¾ßÓл¹ÔÐÔ£¬·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÁòËá¸ùÀë×Ó¡¢ÑÇÌúÀë×ÓºÍÇâÀë×Ó¢ÚÖкìÉ«ÍÊÈ¥£¬·´Ó¦Îª£º2Fe3++SO2+2H2O=2Fe2++4H++SO42-£¬¹ÊBÕýÈ·£»
C£®SO2ÖÐÁòÔªËØΪ+4¼Û£¬Èç¹û»¹ÔSCN-£¬Ôò¶þÑõ»¯ÁòÖеÄÁò½«±äΪ+6¼Û£¬¶øSCNÐë¼ÌÐø½µµÍ£¬µ«SCN-£¬-1¼ÛÒѾΪ×îµÍ¼Û£¬ÎÞ·¨ÔÙ½µµÍ£¬Ì¼ÔªËØÏÔ+4¼Û£¬²»ÄÜÑõ»¯+4¼ÛµÄÁò£¬µªÔªËØÏÔ-3¼Û£¬»¯ºÏ¼Û²»ÄÜÔÙ½µµÍ£¬ÁòÔªËصĻ¯ºÏ¼ÛΪ-2¼Û£¬Ò²²»ÄÜÑõ»¯+4¼ÛµÄÁò£¬ËùÒÔ¶ÔÓÚSCN£¬ÎÞÂÛÔ×ÓÍÅ»¹ÊÇÆäÖÐÔ×Ó£¬¾ùÎÞ·¨Ñõ»¯¶þÑõ»¯Áò£¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»
D£®¸ßÃÌËá¼Ø¾ßÓÐÇ¿Ñõ»¯ÐÔ£¬¿ÉÒÔ½«SCN-Ñõ»¯Îª£¨SCN£©2£¬Ï൱ÓÚ±Ëص¥ÖÊX2£¬¹ÊDÕýÈ·£»
¹ÊÑ¡C£®
µãÆÀ ±¾ÌâÖ÷Òª¿¼²éÁËÈý¼ÛÌúÀë×ӵļìÑ飬ÕÆÎÕ¸ßÃÌËá¼ØµÄÑõ»¯ÐÔÊǽâ´ð±¾ÌâµÄ¹Ø¼ü£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶȲ»´ó£®
A£® | HClµÄµç×ÓʽH£ºCl | B£® | HClOµÄ½á¹¹Ê½H-Cl-O | ||
C£® | MgBr2µÄÐγɹý³ÌÓõç×Óʽ±íʾΪ£º | D£® | Cl-µÄ½á¹¹Ê¾Òâͼ |
Á£×Ó´úºÅ | A | B | C | D | E | F | G |
Ô×ÓºËÊý | µ¥ºË | µ¥ºË | Ë«ºË | ¶àºË | µ¥ºË | ¶àºË | ¶àºË |
µçºÉÊý | 0 | 1+ | 1- | 0 | 2+ | 1+ | 0 |
£¨1£©AÁ£×ӵĽṹʾÒâͼ£¬GµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÊÇCH4£®
£¨2£©±È½ÏBCºÍEC2µÄ¼îÐÔÇ¿ÈõBC£¾EC2£¨Ì¡¢£¾¡¢=£©£®
£¨3£©FÓëC·´Ó¦Éú³ÉDµÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽNH4++OH-=NH3£®H2O£®
CH3CH2CH2CH3£¨g£©+6.5O2£¨g£©=4CO2£¨g£©+5H2O£¨l£©¡÷H=-2878kJ/mol
£¨CH3£©2CHCH3£¨g£©+6.5O2£¨g£©=4CO2£¨g£©+5H2O£¨l£©¡÷H=-2869kJ/mol
ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
A£® | Õý¶¡ÍéµÄÎȶ¨ÐÔ´óÓÚÒ춡Íé | |
B£® | Ò춡Íé·Ö×ÓÖеÄ̼Çâ¼ü±ÈÕý¶¡ÍéµÄ¶à | |
C£® | µÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄÕý¶¡ÍéÄÜÁ¿´óÓÚÒ춡ÍéÄÜÁ¿ | |
D£® | Ò춡Íéת»¯ÎªÕý¶¡ÍéµÄ¹ý³ÌÊÇÒ»¸ö·ÅÈȹý³Ì |
ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨Öв»ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
A£® | µ±XÊÇÇ¿Ëáʱ£¬A¡¢B¡¢C¡¢D¡¢E¡¢FÖоùº¬Í¬Ò»ÖÖÔªËØ£¬F¿ÉÄÜÊÇH2SO4 | |
B£® | µ±XÊÇÇ¿¼îʱ£¬A¡¢B¡¢C¡¢D¡¢E¡¢FÖоùº¬Í¬Ò»ÖÖÔªËØ£¬FÊÇHNO3 | |
C£® | BºÍCl2µÄ·´Ó¦ÊÇÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦ | |
D£® | µ±XÊÇÇ¿Ëáʱ£¬CÔÚ³£ÎÂÏÂÊÇÆø̬µ¥ÖÊ |
A£® | µ±µç·ÖÐͨ¹ý2 mol µç×Óʱ£¬d ¼«¿ÉÒÔÉú³É22.4 L H2 | |
B£® | µ±µç·ÖÐͨ¹ý0.1 mol µç×Óʱ£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨Zn2+£©=0.5 mol•L-1 | |
C£® | cΪ¸º¼«£¬·¢ÉúÑõ»¯·´Ó¦ | |
D£® | µç³Ø¹¤×÷Íê³Éºó£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐSO42-Ũ¶È»ù±¾²»±ä |
£¨1£©ÈçºÎ¼ì²é¸Ã×°ÖõÄÆøÃÜÐÔ£º½«C´¦µ¼Æø¹ÜÄ©¶Ë½þÈëË®²ÛÖУ¬¼ÓÈÈA´¦Ô²µ×ÉÕÆ¿£¬µ¼¹ÜÄ©¶Ë³öÏÖÆøÅÝ£¬Í£Ö¹¼ÓÈȺ󵼹ÜÄ©¶Ë³öÏÖÒ»¶ÎË®Öù
£¨2£©Ð´³öÌúÓëË®ÕôÆø·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ3Fe+4H2O£¨g£©$\frac{\underline{\;¸ßÎÂ\;}}{\;}$Fe3O4+4H2
£¨3£©ÑéÖ¤¹ÌÌå²úÎïÖÐÌúÔªËصļÛ̬
ÏÞѡʵÑéÒÇÆ÷ÓëÊÔ¼Á£ºÉÕ±¡¢ÊԹܡ¢²£Á§°ô¡¢Ò©³×¡¢µÎ¹Ü¡¢¾Æ¾«µÆ¡¢ÊԹܼУ»1mol/L CuSO4¡¢3mol/L H2SO4¡¢3mol/L HNO3¡¢30%H2O2¡¢0.01mol/L KMnO4¡¢20%KSCN¡¢ÕôÁóË®£®
ÔÚ´ðÌ⿨ÉÏ°´Ï±íµÄ¸ñʽд³öʵÑé²½Öè¡¢Ô¤ÆÚÏÖÏóÓë½áÂÛ£®
ʵÑé²½Öè | Ô¤ÆÚÏÖÏóÓë½áÂÛ | |
²½Öè1 | È¡·´Ó¦ºó¸ÉÔïµÄ¹ÌÌåagÓÚÊÔ¹ÜÖУ¬¼ÓÈë×ãÁ¿µÄ1mol/L CuSO4ÈÜÒº£¬³ä·ÖÕñµ´£¬¾¹ÌÒº·ÖÀ롢ϴµÓºó£¬ÔÙÏò¹ÌÌåÖеμÓ×ãÁ¿µÄ3mol/LH2SO4£¬Õñµ´Èܽ⣬¹ýÂ˺ó½«ÂËÒºÅä³É250mLÈÜÒº£¬´ýÓã® | - |
²½Öè2 | È¡ÉÙÁ¿²½Öè1ÖÐÂËÒºÓÚÊÔ¹ÜÖУ¬µÎ¼Ó1¡«2µÎ20%KSCN | ÈÜÒº±äºìÉ«£¬Ôò¹ÌÌå²úÎﺬ+3¼ÛÌú |
²½Öè3 | È¡ÉÙÁ¿²½Öè1ÖÐÂËÒºÓÚÊÔ¹ÜÖУ¬µÎ¼Ó1¡«2µÎ0.01mol/LKMnO4 | ÈÜÒº×ÏÉ«ÍÊÈ¥£¬Ôò¹ÌÌå²úÎﺬ+2¼ÛÌú |
£¨4£©¹ÌÌå²úÎïÖÐÌúÔªËصÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýµÄ²â¶¨¿É²ÉÓÃͼ2µÄÁ÷³Ì£®ÆäÖв½Öè¢ÙÊÇÏòÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëп·ÛÖÁ»ÆÉ«¸ÕºÃÏûʧ£»²½Öè¢ÚÓÃ0.010mol/LKMnO4ÈÜÒºµÎ¶¨ÖÁÖյ㣬ÏûºÄKMnO4ÈÜҺƽ¾ùΪv mL£®£¨ÒÑÖª5Fe2++MnO4-+8H+¨T5Fe3++Mn2++4H2O£©ÆäÖмÓÈëп·ÛµÄÄ¿µÄÊǽ«Fe3+»¹ÔΪFe2+£®ÊµÑé²âµÃagÑùÆ·ÖйÌÌå²úÎïÌúÔªËصÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ$\frac{250¡Á5¡Á56g/mol¡Á0.010mol/L¡ÁV¡Á1{0}^{-3}L}{25a}$¡Á100%_£¨Ö»ÁмÆËã±í´ïʽ£©£®