题目内容
【题目】25℃时,在含CH3COOH和CH3COOˉ的溶液中,CH3COOH和CH3COOˉ二者中各自所占的物质的量分数(α)随溶液pH变化的关系如图所示.下列说法不正确的是( )
A.在pH<4.76的溶液中,c(CH3COO﹣)<c(CH3COOH)
B.在pH=7的溶液中,α(CH3COOH)=0,α(CH3COO﹣)=1.0
C.在pH>4.76的溶液中,c(CH3COO﹣)与c(OH﹣)之和可大于c(H+)
D.在pH=4.76的溶液中加盐酸,α(CH3COOH)与α(CH3COO﹣)之和保持不变
【答案】B
【解析】解:A.在pH<4.76的溶液显酸性,c(CH3COO﹣)<c(CH3COOH),故A正确; B.在pH=7的溶液中,为醋酸和醋酸盐混合溶液,α(CH3COOH)≠0,α(CH3COO﹣)<1.0,故B错误;
C.在pH>4.76的溶液中存在电荷守恒,c(CH3COO﹣)与c(OH﹣)之和可大于c(H+),故C正确;
D.当溶液pH=4.76时,c(CH3COO﹣)=c(CH3COOH),醋酸电离显酸性,醋酸根离子水解显碱性,为缓冲溶液,加入盐酸或碱溶液中α(CH3COOH)与α(CH3COO﹣)之和保持不变,故D正确;
故选B.
A.当溶液pH=4.76时,c(CH3COO﹣)=c(CH3COOH),在pH<4.76的溶液显酸性;
B.若α(CH3COOH)=0,α(CH3COO﹣)=1.0,溶液显碱性;
C.在pH>4.76的溶液中存在电荷守恒分析;
D.当溶液pH=4.76时,c(CH3COO﹣)=c(CH3COOH),醋酸电离显酸性,醋酸根离子水解显碱性,为缓冲溶液.
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