ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿£¨14·Ö£©¼×´¼ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÖØÒªµÄ¿ÉÔÙÉúÄÜÔ´¡£
£¨1£©ÒÑÖª2CH4(g)+O2(g)=2CO(g)+4H2(g) ¦¤H =a KJ/mol
CO(g)+2H2(g)=CH3OH(g) ¦¤H =b KJ/mol
ÊÔд³öÓÉCH4ºÍO2ÖÆÈ¡¼×´¼µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º ¡£
£¨2£©»¹¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýÏÂÁз´Ó¦ÖƱ¸¼×´¼£ºCO(g)+2H2(g) CH3OH(g)¡£
¼×ͼÊÇ·´Ó¦Ê±COºÍCH3OH(g)µÄŨ¶ÈËæʱ¼äµÄ±ä»¯Çé¿ö¡£´Ó·´Ó¦¿ªÊ¼µ½´ïƽºâ£¬ÓÃH2±íʾƽ¾ù·´Ó¦ËÙÂʦÔ(H2)= _¡£
£¨3£©ÔÚÒ»ÈÝ»ý¿É±äµÄÃܱÕÈÝÆ÷ÖгäÈë10 mol COºÍ20 mol H2£¬COµÄƽºâת»¯ÂÊËæζȣ¨Tѹǿ£¨P£©µÄ±ä»¯ÈçÒÒͼËùʾ¡£
¢ÙÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÄÜÅжϸ÷´Ó¦´ïµ½»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâ״̬µÄÊÇ_______¡££¨Ìî×Öĸ£©
A£®H2µÄÏûºÄËÙÂʵÈÓÚCH3OHµÄÉú³ÉËÙÂʵÄ2±¶
B£®H2µÄÌå»ý·ÖÊý²»Ôٸıä
C£®ÌåϵÖÐH2µÄת»¯ÂʺÍCOµÄת»¯ÂÊÏàµÈ
D£®ÌåϵÖÐÆøÌåµÄƽ¾ùĦ¶ûÖÊÁ¿²»Ôٸıä
¢Ú±È½ÏA¡¢BÁ½µãѹǿ´óСPA________PB£¨Ìî¡°£¾¡¢£¼¡¢=¡±£©¡£
¢ÛÈô´ïµ½»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâ״̬Aʱ£¬ÈÝÆ÷µÄÌå»ýΪ20 L¡£Èç¹û·´Ó¦¿ªÊ¼Ê±ÈÔ³äÈë10 molCOºÍ20 molH2£¬ÔòÔÚƽºâ״̬BʱÈÝÆ÷µÄÌå»ýV(B)= L¡£
£¨4£©ÒÔ¼×´¼ÎªÈ¼ÁÏ£¬ÑõÆøΪÑõ»¯¼Á£¬KOHÈÜҺΪµç½âÖÊÈÜÒº£¬¿ÉÖƳÉȼÁϵç³Ø£¨µç¼«²ÄÁÏΪ¶èÐԵ缫£©¡£
¢ÙÈôKOHÈÜÒº×ãÁ¿£¬Ôòд³öµç³Ø×Ü·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ£º___________________¡£
¢ÚÈôµç½âÖÊÈÜÒºÖÐKOHµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª0.8 mol£¬µ±ÓÐ0.5 mol¼×´¼²ÎÓ뷴Ӧʱ£¬µç½âÖÊÈÜÒºÖи÷ÖÖÀë×ÓµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ ¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿ (1) 2CH4(g)+O2(g)=2CH3OH(g) ¦¤H=(a+2b)kJ/mol (2·Ö) (2) 0.15mol/(L¡¤min) (2·Ö)
(3) ¢ÙBD (2·Ö) ¢Ú £¼(2·Ö) ¢Û 14L (2·Ö) (4) ¢Ù 2CH3OH+3O2+4OH-=2CO32-+6H2O(2·Ö)
¢ÚC(K+)>C(CO32-)>C(HCO3-)>C(OH-)>C(H+)(2·Ö)
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
ÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£º(1) ½«¸ø³öµÄ·´Ó¦·Ö±ð±êΪ£º¢Ù¡¢¢Ú£¬¸ù¾Ý¸Ç˹¶¨ÂÉ£¬°Ñ¢Ù+¢Ú¡Á2¿ÉµÃCH4ºÍO2ÖÆÈ¡¼×´¼µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º2CH4(g)+O2(g)=2CH3OH(g) ¦¤H=(a+2b)kJ/mol¡£(2) ´Óͼ¿ÉÒÔ¿´³öCOµÄŨ¶È¼õСÁË0.75mol/L£¬¸ù¾Ý·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§¼ÆÁ¿Êý£¬H2µÄŨ¶È¸Ä±äÁË1.5mol/L£¬·´Ó¦´ïµ½Æ½ºâµÄʱ¼äΪ10min£¬Ôò¦Ô(H2)= 1.5mol/L¡Â10min=0.15mol/(L¡¤min)¡£(3) ¢Ù»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÖ®±ÈµÈÓÚ»¯Ñ§¼ÆÁ¿ÊýÖ®±È£¬²»¹ÜÔÚÈκÎʱºò£¬H2µÄÏûºÄËÙÂʵÈÓÚCH3OHµÄÉú³ÉËÙÂʵÄ2±¶£¬A´í£»H2µÄÌå»ý·ÖÊý²»Ôٸıä˵Ã÷ÌåϵÖи÷ÎïÖʵÄŨ¶È²»Ôٸı䣬·´Ó¦´ïµ½ÁËƽºâ£¬B¶Ô£»H2µÄת»¯ÂʺÍCOµÄת»¯ÂÊÏàµÈ²»ÄÜ˵Ã÷ÎïÖʵÄŨ¶È²»ÔٸıäºÍͬÖÖÎïÖʵÄÕýÄæ·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÏàµÈ£¬C´í£»·´Ó¦ÊÇÆøÌåÎïÖʵÄÁ¿¸Ä±äµÄ·´Ó¦£¬Èç¹û·´Ó¦Ã»Óдﵽƽºâ£¬ÆøÌåµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿»á·¢Éú¸Ä±ä£¬Æ½¾ùĦ¶ûÖÊÁ¿Ò²»á¸Ä±ä£¬ÏÖƽ¾ùĦ¶ûÖÊÁ¿²»Ôٸı䣬˵Ã÷ÆøÌåµÄÉú³ÉºÍÏûºÄËÙÂÊÏàµÈ£¬·´Ó¦µ½´ïÁËƽºâ£¬D¶Ô¡£¢Ú´Óͼ¿ÉÒÔ¿´³öBµÄCOµÄת»¯Âʽϴ󣬸ù¾Ý·´Ó¦µÄÌص㣬ѹǿÔö´óƽºâÏòÕýÏòÒƶ¯£¬ÏÖBµãµÄת»¯Âʽϴó£¬ËµÃ÷BµãµÄѹǿ´ó£¬¹ÊPA £¼PB ¡£¢ÛAµãÊÇCOµÄת»¯ÂÊΪ0.5£¬10 mol COºÍ20 mol H2·´Ó¦ºóÆøÌå×ÜÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª20mol£¬ÔÚBµãCOµÄת»¯ÂÊΪ0.8£¬10 mol COºÍ20 mol H2·´Ó¦ºóÆøÌåµÄ×ÜÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª14mol£¬ÉèBµãµÄÌå»ýΪVL¡£Ôò20mol©U14 mol=20L©UV£¬V=14L¡££¨4£©ÓÉÓÚÊÇÔÚ¼îÐÔµç½âÖÊÈÜÒºÖУ¬²úÉúµÄCO2»¹ÒªÓë¼î·´Ó¦£¬·´Ó¦µÄ·½³ÌʽΪ£º2CH3OH+3O2+4OH-=2CO32-+6H2O¡£¢Ú¸ù¾ÝKOHºÍCO2µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿¿ÉÖªÉú³ÉµÄCO2·¢Éú·´Ó¦£ºCO2+2OH¡ª¨TCO32¡ª£¬CO32¡ª+ CO2+H2O¨THCO3¡ª,0.8molµÄKOH·´Ó¦ÍêʱÏûºÄ0.4molµÄCO2£¬Éú³É0.4molµÄCO32¡ª£¬Ê£ÓàµÄ0.1molµÄCO2ÓëCO32¡ª·´Ó¦Éú³É0.1molµÄHCO3¡ª£¬¹ÊÈÜÒºÖÐÓÐ0.3molµÄK2CO3¡¢0.1molµÄKHCO3£¬¹ÊÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС˳ÐòΪ£ºC(K+)>C(CO32-)>C(HCO3-)>C(OH-)>C(H+)
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿·ÀÖÎÎíÎíö²ÌìÆøµÄÖ÷Òª´ëÊ©Óлú¶¯³µÁÙʱ½»Í¨¹ÜÖÆ¡¢¹¤¿óÆóҵͣҵÏÞ²ú¡¢Ñï³¾ÎÛȾ¿ØÖƵȡ£
(l) PM2.5ÊÇ»·±£²¿Ãżà²â¿ÕÆøÖÊÁ¿µÄÖØÒªÖ¸±ê¡£½«Ä³PM2.5Ñù±¾ÓÃÕôÁóË®´¦ÀíÖƳɴý²âÊÔÑù£¬²âµÃÊÔÑùÖÐÎÞ»úÀë×ÓµÄÖÖÀàºÍƽ¾ùŨ¶ÈÈçÏÂ±í£º
Àë×ÓÖÖÀà | Na+ | NH4+ | SO42- | NO3- |
Ũ¶È/(mol/L) | 2.0¡Ál0-6 | 2.8¡Á10-5 | 3.5¡Á10-5 | 6.0¡Ál0-5 |
ÔòÊÔÑùµÄpHΪ____________¡£
(2£©Îíö²µÄÖ÷Òª³É·ÖÖ®Ò»ÊÇÀ´×ÔÆû³µÎ²ÆøµÄµªÑõ»¯ÎÑо¿±íÃ÷CH4¿ÉÒÔÏû³ýÆû³µÎ²ÆøÖеªÑõ»¯ÎïµÄÎÛȾ¡£
¢Ù CH4(g)+2O2(g)=CO2(g)+2H2O(l) ¦¤H£½-889.6KJ/mol
¢Ú N2(g)+2O2(g)=2NO2£¨g£©¦¤H=£«67.2KJ/mol
¢Û 2NO2(g) N2O4(g) ¦¤H£½-56.9KJ/mol
д³ö¼×ÍéÆøÌå´ß»¯»¹ÔN2O4ÆøÌåÉú³ÉÎȶ¨µÄµ¥ÖÊÆøÌå¡¢¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÆøÌåºÍҺ̬ˮµÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º_____¡£
(3£©Ò»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏ£¬ÒÔCO ºÍH2ºÏ³ÉÇå½àÄÜÔ´CH3OH£¬ÆäÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪCO(g) + 2H2(g) CH3OH (g) ¦¤H,COµÄƽºâת»¯ÂÊÓëζȡ¢Ñ¹Ç¿µÄ¹ØϵÈçͼËùʾ£º
¢Ù¸Ã¿ÉÄæ·´Ó¦µÄ¦¤H_____0£¨Ìî¡°>¡±¡°<¡±¡°=¡±£©¡£A£¬B, CÈýµã¶ÔÓ¦µÄƽºâ³£ÊýKA¡¢KB¡¢KCµÄ´óС¹ØϵÊÇ_________¡£Ñ¹Ç¿£ºp1_______p2£¨Ìî¡°>¡±¡°<¡±¡°=¡±£©¡£ÔÚT1Ìõ¼þÏ£¬ÓÉDµãµ½Bµã¹ý³ÌÖУ¬Õý¡¢Äæ·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÖ®¼äµÄ¹Øϵ£ºvÕý________vÄ棨Ìî¡°>¡±¡°<¡±¡°=¡±£©¡£
¢ÚÈôÔÚºãκãÈÝÌõ¼þϽøÐÐÉÏÊö·´Ó¦£¬Äܱíʾ¸Ã¿ÉÄæ·´Ó¦´ïµ½Æ½ºâ״̬µÄÊÇ__________£¨Ìî×Öĸ£©
A. COµÄÌå»ý·ÖÊý±£³Ö²»±ä
B£®ÈÝÆ÷ÄÚ»ìºÏÆøÌåµÄÃܶȱ£³Ö²»±ä
C£®ÈÝÆ÷ÄÚ»ìºÏÆøÌåµÄƽ¾ùĦ¶ûÖÊÁ¿±£³Ö²»±ä
D£®µ¥Î»Ê±¼äÄÚÏûºÄCOµÄŨ¶ÈµÈÓÚÉú³ÉCH3OHµÄŨ¶È
¢ÛÏòºãѹÃܱÕÈÝÆ÷ÖгäÈë2mol COºÍ4mol H2£¬ÔÚp2¡¢T2Ìõ¼þÏ´ﵽƽºâ״̬Cµã£¬´ËʱÈÝÆ÷ÈÝ»ýΪ2L£¬ÔòÔÚ¸ÃÌõ¼þÏ·´Ó¦µÄƽ½Ö³£ÊýKΪ______________¡£
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿ÏÂÁйØÓÚ±½µÄ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
A. ÄÜÓëË®»¥ÈÜ B. ÃܶȱÈË®´ó
C. ÄÜ·¢ÉúÈ¡´ú·´Ó¦ D. ·Ö×ÓÖдæÔÚµ¥Ë«¼ü½á¹¹
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿»Ç»¯ÄÆÔÚÒ½Ò©ÖÐÓÃ×÷¼××´ÏÙÖ×Áö·ÀÖμÁ¡¢Ð ̵¼ÁºÍÀûÄò¼Á£¬Ò²ÓÃ×÷ʳƷÌí¼Ó¼Á¡¢¸Ð¹â¼ÁµÈ¡£¹¤ÒµÉÏÓÃË®ºÏëÂ(N2H4¡¤H2O)»¹Ô·¨ÖÆÈ¡µâ»¯ÄƹÌÌ壬ÆäÖƱ¸Á÷³ÌÈçͼËùʾ£º
¼ºÖª£ºN2H4¡¤H2OÔÚ100¡æÒÔÉϷֽ⡣
(1)ÔںϳÉNaIµÄ¹ý³ÌÖУ¬¿ÉÄÜ»ìÓеÄÎïÖÊÊÇ_______£¬Éú²ú¹ý³ÌÖÐÒªÊʵ±²¹³äNaOH£¬Ä¿µÄÊÇ________¡£
(2)ÔÚ»¹Ô¹ý³ÌÖУ¬ÎªÁË·ÀֹˮºÏëÂ(N2H4¡¤H2O)¸ßηֽ⣬·´Ó¦Î¶ȿØÖÆÔÚ60~70¡æ£¬Î¶ÈÒ²²»ÄܹýµÍ£¬ÆäÔÒòÊÇ___________¡£¹¤ÒµÉÏÒ²¿ÉÒÔÓÃÁò»¯ÄÆ»òÌúм»¹ÔµâËáÄÆÖƱ¸µâ»¯ÄÆ£¬µ«Ë®ºÏ뻹Է¨ÖƵõIJúÆ·´¿¶È¸ü¸ß£¬ÆäÔÒòÊÇ_____________________¡£
(3)ÇëÉè¼ÆÒ»¸ö¼òµ¥µÄʵÑéÀ´¼ìÑ黹ÔÒºÖÐÊÇ·ñº¬ÓÐIO3-£º__________________¡£(¿É¹©Ñ¡ÔñµÄÊÔ¼Á£ºÏ¡ÁòËá¡¢µí·ÛÈÜÒº¡¢FeCl3ÈÜÒº)
(4)²â¶¨²úÆ·ÖÐNaIº¬Á¿µÄʵÑé²½ÖèÈçÏ£º
a.³ÆÈ¡4.000 gÑùÆ·²¢Èܽ⣬ÔÚ250 mLÈÝÁ¿Æ¿Öж¨ÈÝ£»
b.Á¿È¡25.00 mL´ý²âÒºÓÚ׶ÐÎÆ¿ÖУ¬È»ºó¼ÓÈë×ãÁ¿µÄFeCl3ÈÜÒº£¬³ä·Ö·´Ó¦ºó£¬ÔÙ¼ÓÈëAÈÜÒº×÷ָʾ¼Á£»
c.ÓÃ0.1000mol¡¤L-1µÄNa2S2O3ÈÜÒºµÎ¶¨ÖÁÖÕµã(·¢Éú·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽΪ£º2Na2S2O3+I2=Na2S4O6+2NaI)£¬Öظ´²â¶¨3´Î£¬ËùµÃµÄÏà¹ØÊý¾ÝÈç±íËùʾ£º
²â¶¨ÐòºÅ | ´ý²âÌå»ý/ml | Ê¢×°±ê×¼µÎ¶¨¹ÜµÄÆðµã¶ÁÊý/ml | Ê¢×°±ê×¼µÎ¶¨¹ÜµÄÖÕµã¶ÁÊý/ml |
1 | 25.00 | 0.06 | 24.04 |
2 | 25.00 | 0.02 | 24.02 |
3 | 25.00 | 0.12 | 24.14 |
¢ÙÔڵζ¨¹ý³ÌÖУ¬Na2S2O3ÈÜÒºÓ¦·Å___________(ÌîÒÇÆ÷)ÖУ»¼ÓÈëµÄAÎïÖÊΪ____________(ÌîÃû³Æ)¡£
¢ÚµÎ¶¨ÖÕµã¹Û²ìµ½µÄÏÖÏóΪ_______________________¡£
¢Û¸ÃÑùÆ·ÖÐNaIµÄº¬Á¿Îª_______________________¡£
¢ÜÈôÓÃÉÏÊö·½·¨²âµÃNaIµÄº¬Á¿Æ«µÍ(ºöÂԲⶨ¹ý³ÌÖеÄÎó²î)£¬Ôò¿ÉÄܵÄÔÒòÊÇ_________________¡£
(5)µâ»¯ÄƹÌÌåµÄ±£´æ·½·¨ÊÇ_______________________¡£