ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
3£®£¨1£©½ð¸ÕʯºÍʯī¾ùΪ̼µÄͬËØÒìÐÎÌ壬ËüÃÇÔÚÑõÆø²»×ãʱȼÉÕÉú³ÉÒ»Ñõ»¯Ì¼£¬ÔÚÑõÆø³ä×ãʱ³ä·ÖȼÉÕÉú³É¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£¬·´Ó¦ÖзųöµÄÈÈÁ¿ÈçͼËùʾ£®£¨a£©ÔÚͨ³£×´¿öÏ£¬½ð¸ÕʯºÍʯīÏà±È½Ïʯī£¬£¨Ì½ð¸Õʯ¡±»ò¡±Ê¯Ä«¡±£©¸üÎȶ¨£¬Ê¯Ä«µÄȼÉÕÈÈΪ-393.5kJ?mol-1£®
£¨b£©12gʯīÔÚÒ»¶¨Á¿¿ÕÆøÖÐȼÉÕ£¬Éú³ÉÆøÌå36g£¬¸Ã¹ý³Ì·Å³öµÄÈÈÁ¿Îª252.0kJ£®
£¨2£©ÒÑÖª£ºN2¡¢O2·Ö×ÓÖл¯Ñ§¼üµÄ¼üÄÜ·Ö±ðÊÇ946kJ?mol-1¡¢497kJ?mol-1£®N2£¨g£©+O2£¨g£©¨T2NO£¨g£©¡÷H=+180.0kJ?mol-1£®NO·Ö×ÓÖл¯Ñ§¼üµÄ¼üÄÜΪ631.5kJ?mol-1£®
£¨3£©×ÛºÏÉÏÊöÓйØÐÅÏ¢£¬Çëд³öÓÃCO³ýÈ¥NOµÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º2NO£¨g£©+2CO£¨g£©=N2£¨g£©+2CO2£¨g£©¡÷H=-746.0kJ?mol-1£®
·ÖÎö £¨1£©£¨a£©ÒÀ¾ÝÎïÖÊÄÜÁ¿Ô½¸ß£¬ÎïÖÊÔ½²»Îȶ¨£»ÒÀ¾ÝͼÏóÅжÏʯīµÄȼÉÕÈÈ£»
£¨b£©ÒÀ¾Ý¼«Öµ¼ÆËãÅжÏÉú³ÉµÄÆøÌå×é³É£¬½áºÏÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ¼ÆËãµÃµ½£»
£¨2£©¾Ý¡÷H=·´Ó¦Îï¼üÄܺÍ-Éú³ÉÎï¼üÄܺÍÇóË㣻
£¨3£©ÀûÓøÇ˹¶¨ÂɽáºÏÒÑÖªÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ¼ÆËã·´Ó¦ÈÈ£¬ÔÙд³öÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£»
½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©£¨a£©Í¼Ïó·ÖÎö½ð¸ÕʯÄÜÁ¿¸ßÓÚʯī£¬ÄÜÁ¿Ô½µÍÔ½Îȶ¨£¬ËùÒÔ˵Ã÷ʯīÎȶ¨£¬Í¼Ïó·ÖÎö1molʯīÍêȫȼÉÕÉú³É1mol¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼·Å³öµÄÈÈÁ¿Îª393.5kJ£¬ÔòʯīµÄȼÉÕÈÈΪ¡÷H=-393.5kJ?mol-1£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÊ¯Ä«£»-393.5kJ?mol-1£»
£¨b£©12gʯīÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª1mol£¬ÔÚÒ»¶¨Á¿¿ÕÆøÖÐȼÉÕ£¬ÒÀ¾ÝÔªËØÊغ㣬ÈôÉú³É¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÖÊÁ¿Îª44g£¬ÈôÉú³ÉÒ»Ñõ»¯Ì¼ÖÊÁ¿Îª28g£¬Éú³ÉÆøÌå36g£¬28g£¼36g£¼44g£¬ÅжÏÉú³ÉµÄÆøÌåΪһÑõ»¯Ì¼ºÍ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÆøÌ壬ÉèÒ»Ñõ»¯Ì¼ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îªx£¬¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª£¨1-x£©mol£¬28x+44£¨1-x£©=36g£¬x=0.5mol£¬¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª0.5mol£»ÒÀ¾ÝͼÏó·ÖÎö£¬C£¨Ê¯Ä«£¬s£©+O2£¨g£©¨TCO2£¨g£©¡÷H=-393.5 kJ•mol-1 £»C£¨Ê¯Ä«£¬s£©+$\frac{1}{2}$O2£¨g£©¨TCO£¨g£©¡÷H=-110.5 kJ•mol-1
Éú³É¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ºÍÒ»Ñõ»¯Ì¼»ìºÏÆøÌå·Å³öÈÈÁ¿=393.5 kJ•mol-1 ¡Á0.5mol+110.5 kJ•mol-1 ¡Á0.5mol=252KJ£»12gʯīÔÚÒ»¶¨Á¿¿ÕÆøÖÐȼÉÕ£¬Éú³ÉÆøÌå36g£¬¸Ã¹ý³Ì·Å³öµÄÈÈÁ¿Îª252.0kJ£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º252.0 kJ£»
£¨2£©¡÷H=·´Ó¦Îï¼üÄܺÍ-Éú³ÉÎï¼üÄܺͣ¬946kJ/mol+497kJ/mol-2Q£¨N-O£©=180.0kJ/mol£¬Q£¨N-O£©=631.5KJ/mol£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º631.5£»
£¨3£©ÒÑÖª¢ÙC£¨Ê¯Ä«£¬s£©+O2£¨g£©=CO2£¨g£©¡÷H=-393.5 kJ•mol-1£»
¢ÚC£¨Ê¯Ä«£¬s£©+$\frac{1}{2}$O2£¨g£©=CO£¨g£©¡÷H=-110.5 kJ•mol-1£»
¢ÛN2£¨g£©+O2£¨g£©=2NO£¨g£©¡÷H=+180kJ•mol-1£»
ÓɸÇ˹¶¨ÂÉ£º·½³Ìʽ¢Ù¡Á2-¢Ú¡Á2-¢ÛµÃ 2NO£¨g£©+2CO£¨g£©=N2£¨g£©+2CO2£¨g£©¡÷H=-746.0kJ?mol-1£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º2NO£¨g£©+2CO£¨g£©=N2£¨g£©+2CO2£¨g£©¡÷H=-746.0kJ?mol-1£»
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÁË»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦µÄÄÜÁ¿±ä»¯Óë·´Ó¦µÄìʱä¹ØϵµÄ·ÖÎöÅжϣ¬Í¼ÏóµÄ×ÛºÏÓ¦Ó㬶Á¶®Í¼Ïó£¬ìʱäºÍ»î»¯ÄܼÆËã·½·¨µÄÀí½âÊǽâÌâµÄ¹Ø¼ü£®
A£® | Ï¡ÑÎËá | B£® | ÇâÑõ»¯¼ØÈÜÒº | C£® | ÁòËáÍÈÜÒº | D£® | ʳÑÎË® |
d Fe3++e Br2+f Cl-£®ÏÂÁÐÑ¡ÏîÖеÄÊý×ÖÓëÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽÖеÄa¡¢b¡¢c¡¢d¡¢e¡¢fÒ»Ò»¶ÔÓ¦£¬ÆäÖв»·ûºÏ·´Ó¦Êµ¼ÊµÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
A£® | 2 4 3 2 2 6 | B£® | 0 2 1 0 1 2 | ||
C£® | 2 0 1 2 0 2 | D£® | 2 2 2 2 1 4 |
A£® | 62 g | B£® | 78mol?L-1 | C£® | 78g?mol-1 | D£® | 62mol |
A£® | ¼ÓÈÈ | |
B£® | ¼ÓÈë100 mL 0.1 mol•L-1µÄ´×ËáÈÜÒº | |
C£® | ¼ÓÈëÉÙÁ¿µÄ0.5 mol•L-1µÄÁòËá | |
D£® | ¼ÓÈëÉÙÁ¿µÄ1 mol•L-1µÄNaOHÈÜÒº |
A£® | 5.0 L | B£® | 8.9 L | C£® | 15.7 L | D£® | 26.9 L |
A£® | 0.1mol•L-1 NaOHÈÜÒºÖÐNa+µÄÊýĿΪ0.1NA | |
B£® | ±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£¬2.24 LCCl4ÖеķÖ×ÓÊýĿΪ0.1NA | |
C£® | 0.1mol Na2O2Óë×ãÁ¿CO2·´Ó¦×ªÒƵĵç×ÓÊýĿΪ0.1NA | |
D£® | 3.2gO2ºÍO3µÄ»ìºÏÎﺬÓеķÖ×ÓÊýĿΪ0.1NA |