ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
£¨2010?ÉîÛÚ¶þÄ££©¦Ã-Fe2O3ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÖØÒªµÄ´ÅÐÔ²ÄÁÏ£¬Æ䲿·ÖÉú²ú¹¤ÒÕÁ÷³ÌÈçͼ£º
£¨1£©ÒÑÖª£º
¢Ù3¦Á-Fe2O3£¨s£©+H2£¨g£©=2Fe3O4£¨s£©+H2O£¨g£©£»¡÷H1
¢Ú2Fe3O4(s)+
O2(g)=3¦Ã-Fe2O3(s)£»¡÷H2
¢ÛH2(g)+
O2(g)=H2O(g)£»¡÷H3
¢Ü¦Á-Fe2O3£¨s£©=¦Ã-Fe2O3£¨s£©£»¡÷H4
Óá÷H1¡¢¡÷H2¡¢¡÷H3±íʾ¡÷H4£¬Ôò¡÷H4=
£®
£¨2£©Èô¢Ù½¨Á¢ÁËƽºâ£¬Ôò¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄƽºâ³£Êý±í´ïʽΪK=
£®
£¨3£©ÌúµÄ»¯ºÏÎï¶ÔÐí¶à·´Ó¦¶¼Óд߻¯×÷Óã¬Í¨¹ý²âÁ¿Ïàͬʱ¼äÄÚÉú³ÉO2µÄÖÊÁ¿£¨m£©£¬¿É±È½Ï¦Á-Fe2O3¡¢¦Ã-Fe2O3¡¢MnO2¶ÔH2O2·Ö½âµÄ´ß»¯Ð§¹û£¬Ã¿´ÎʵÑé¾ùÈ¡10mLH2O2ÈÜÒº£¬ÒÔÏÂÊÇʵÑéÊý¾Ý£®
¢ÙʵÑ鿪ʼʱ£¬³ÆÈ¡ÁËÏàͬÖÊÁ¿µÄÈýÖÖ´ß»¯¼Á£¨¿ÅÁ£´óСÏàͬ£©£¬´Ëʱ»¹Ðè¿ØÖƵÄÌõ¼þÊÇ
¢Ú·ÖÎö±íÖÐÊý¾Ý£¬¾ÍÈýÖÖ´ß»¯¼ÁµÄ´ß»¯Ð§¹û£¬ÄãËùµÃ³öµÄ½áÂÛÊÇ£º
¢Û¸ù¾ÝʵÑé1ÖеÄÊý¾Ý£¬¼ÆËãÔÚ10s¡«20sÄÚ£¬ÒÔc£¨H2O2£©±ä»¯±íʾµÄ·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊv£¨H2O2£©£¬Ð´³ö¼ÆËã¹ý³Ì£¨ºöÂÔÈÜÒºÌå»ý±ä»¯£©£®
£¨1£©ÒÑÖª£º
¢Ù3¦Á-Fe2O3£¨s£©+H2£¨g£©=2Fe3O4£¨s£©+H2O£¨g£©£»¡÷H1
¢Ú2Fe3O4(s)+
1 |
2 |
¢ÛH2(g)+
1 |
2 |
¢Ü¦Á-Fe2O3£¨s£©=¦Ã-Fe2O3£¨s£©£»¡÷H4
Óá÷H1¡¢¡÷H2¡¢¡÷H3±íʾ¡÷H4£¬Ôò¡÷H4=
¡÷H2+¡÷H2-¡÷H3 |
3 |
¡÷H2+¡÷H2-¡÷H3 |
3 |
£¨2£©Èô¢Ù½¨Á¢ÁËƽºâ£¬Ôò¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄƽºâ³£Êý±í´ïʽΪK=
c(H2O) |
c(H2) |
c(H2O) |
c(H2) |
£¨3£©ÌúµÄ»¯ºÏÎï¶ÔÐí¶à·´Ó¦¶¼Óд߻¯×÷Óã¬Í¨¹ý²âÁ¿Ïàͬʱ¼äÄÚÉú³ÉO2µÄÖÊÁ¿£¨m£©£¬¿É±È½Ï¦Á-Fe2O3¡¢¦Ã-Fe2O3¡¢MnO2¶ÔH2O2·Ö½âµÄ´ß»¯Ð§¹û£¬Ã¿´ÎʵÑé¾ùÈ¡10mLH2O2ÈÜÒº£¬ÒÔÏÂÊÇʵÑéÊý¾Ý£®
ʵÑé ±àºÅ |
´ß»¯¼Á | ·´Ó¦Ê±¼äºÍm£¨O2£©/g | |||||
10s | 20s | 30s | 40s | 50s | 60s | ||
1 | ¦Á-Fe2O3 | 0.055 | 0.215 | 0.290 | 0.310 | 0.320 | 0.320 |
2 | ¦Ã-Fe2O3 | 0.053 | 0.220 | 0.291 | 0.310 | 0.320 | 0.320 |
3 | MnO2 | 0.065 | 0.270 | 0.300 | 0.320 | 0.320 | 0.320 |
·´Ó¦µÄζȡ¢¹ýÑõ»¯ÇâµÄŨ¶È
·´Ó¦µÄζȡ¢¹ýÑõ»¯ÇâµÄŨ¶È
£®¢Ú·ÖÎö±íÖÐÊý¾Ý£¬¾ÍÈýÖÖ´ß»¯¼ÁµÄ´ß»¯Ð§¹û£¬ÄãËùµÃ³öµÄ½áÂÛÊÇ£º
MnO2 µÄ´ß»¯Ð§¹û×îºÃ£¬¦Á-Fe2O3¡¢¦Ã-Fe2O3µÄ´ß»¯Ð§¹ûÏ൱
MnO2 µÄ´ß»¯Ð§¹û×îºÃ£¬¦Á-Fe2O3¡¢¦Ã-Fe2O3µÄ´ß»¯Ð§¹ûÏ൱
£®¢Û¸ù¾ÝʵÑé1ÖеÄÊý¾Ý£¬¼ÆËãÔÚ10s¡«20sÄÚ£¬ÒÔc£¨H2O2£©±ä»¯±íʾµÄ·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊv£¨H2O2£©£¬Ð´³ö¼ÆËã¹ý³Ì£¨ºöÂÔÈÜÒºÌå»ý±ä»¯£©£®
0.100 mol?L-1?s -1
0.100 mol?L-1?s -1
£®·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©¸ù¾Ý¸Ç˹¶¨ÂÉÓÉÒÑÖªµÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ³ËÒÔÏàÓ¦µÄÊýÖµ½øÐмӼõ£¬À´¹¹ÔìÄ¿ÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£¬·´Ó¦ÈÈÒ²³ËÒÔÏàÓ¦µÄÊýÖµ½øÐмӼõ£¬¾Ý´ËÅжϣ»
£¨2£©¸ù¾Ýƽºâ³£ÊýµÄº¬ÒåÊéд±í´ïʽ£»
£¨3£©¢Ù¸ù¾ÝŨ¶È¡¢Î¶ȡ¢´ß»¯¼Á¡¢¹ÌÌå±íÃæ»ý¾ùÄÜÓ°Ïì·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ£¬ÒÀ´Ë·ÖÎö£»
¢Ú¸ù¾ÝÏàͬʱ¼äÄÚÉú³ÉÑõÆøµÄÖÊÁ¿Ô½´ó£¬Ôò·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÔ½´ó£¬½áºÏ±íÖÐÊý¾Ý·ÖÎö£»
¢Û¸ù¾ÝÔÚ10s¡«20sÄÚÑõÆøÖÊÁ¿µÄ±ä»¯£¬½áºÏ·½³ÌʽÇó³öH2O2µÄ±ä»¯Á¿£¬ÔÙÇó³öÆäËÙÂÊ£®
£¨2£©¸ù¾Ýƽºâ³£ÊýµÄº¬ÒåÊéд±í´ïʽ£»
£¨3£©¢Ù¸ù¾ÝŨ¶È¡¢Î¶ȡ¢´ß»¯¼Á¡¢¹ÌÌå±íÃæ»ý¾ùÄÜÓ°Ïì·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ£¬ÒÀ´Ë·ÖÎö£»
¢Ú¸ù¾ÝÏàͬʱ¼äÄÚÉú³ÉÑõÆøµÄÖÊÁ¿Ô½´ó£¬Ôò·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÔ½´ó£¬½áºÏ±íÖÐÊý¾Ý·ÖÎö£»
¢Û¸ù¾ÝÔÚ10s¡«20sÄÚÑõÆøÖÊÁ¿µÄ±ä»¯£¬½áºÏ·½³ÌʽÇó³öH2O2µÄ±ä»¯Á¿£¬ÔÙÇó³öÆäËÙÂÊ£®
½â´ð£º½â£º£¨1£©¢Ù3¦Á-Fe2O3£¨s£©+H2£¨g£©=2Fe3O4£¨s£©+H2O£¨g£©£»¡÷H1
¢Ú2Fe3O4£¨s£©+
O2£¨g£©=3Y-Fe2O3£¨s£©¡÷H2
¢ÛH2£¨g£©+
O2£¨g£©=H2O£¨g£©¡÷H3
¢Ü¦Á-Fe2O3£¨s£©=¦Ã-Fe2O3£¨s£©£»¡÷H4
ÓɸÇ˹¶¨Âɵ㺢Ü=
£¨¢Ù+¢Ú-¢Û£©¼´¦Á-Fe2O3£¨s£©=¦Ã-Fe2O3£¨s£©¡÷H4=
£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º
£»
£¨2£©ÒÑÖª3¦Á-Fe2O3£¨s£©+H2£¨g£©?2Fe3O4£¨s£©+H2O£¨g£©£¬·½³ÌʽÖйÌÌåÎïÖʲ»ÁÐÈë±í´ïʽÖУ¬ÔòK=
£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º
£»
£¨3£©¢ÙÒÑ֪Ũ¶È¡¢Î¶ȡ¢´ß»¯¼Á¡¢¹ÌÌå±íÃæ»ý¾ùÄÜÓ°Ïì·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ£¬ËùÒÔÒª²â¶¨´ß»¯¼ÁµÄÓ°Ï죬ÆäËüÌõ¼þ±ØÐëÏàͬ£¬¼´·´Ó¦µÄζȡ¢¹ýÑõ»¯ÇâµÄŨ¶ÈÏàͬ£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º·´Ó¦µÄζȡ¢¹ýÑõ»¯ÇâµÄŨ¶È£»
¢ÚÏàͬʱ¼äÄÚÉú³ÉÑõÆøµÄÖÊÁ¿Ô½´ó£¬Ôò·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÔ½´ó£¬½áºÏ±íÖÐÊý¾Ý¿ÉÖª£¬MnO2 µÄ´ß»¯Ð§¹û×îºÃ£¬¦Á-Fe2O3¡¢¦Ã-Fe2O3µÄ´ß»¯Ð§¹ûÏ൱£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºMnO2 µÄ´ß»¯Ð§¹û×îºÃ£¬¦Á-Fe2O3¡¢¦Ã-Fe2O3µÄ´ß»¯Ð§¹ûÏ൱£»
¢Û½â£ºÉè10¡«20sÄÚÏûºÄH2O2µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îªnmol£¬10¡«20sÄÚÉú³ÉÑõÆøµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª0.160g£¬
2 H2O2 =2 H2O+O2
2mol 32g
n 0.160g
n=
=0.010 mol
v£¨H2O2£©=
=0.100 mol?L-1?s -1
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º0.100 mol?L-1?s -1£®
¢Ú2Fe3O4£¨s£©+
1 |
2 |
¢ÛH2£¨g£©+
1 |
2 |
¢Ü¦Á-Fe2O3£¨s£©=¦Ã-Fe2O3£¨s£©£»¡÷H4
ÓɸÇ˹¶¨Âɵ㺢Ü=
1 |
3 |
¡÷H2+¡÷H2-¡÷H3 |
3 |
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º
¡÷H2+¡÷H2-¡÷H3 |
3 |
£¨2£©ÒÑÖª3¦Á-Fe2O3£¨s£©+H2£¨g£©?2Fe3O4£¨s£©+H2O£¨g£©£¬·½³ÌʽÖйÌÌåÎïÖʲ»ÁÐÈë±í´ïʽÖУ¬ÔòK=
c(H2O) |
c(H2) |
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º
c(H2O) |
c(H2) |
£¨3£©¢ÙÒÑ֪Ũ¶È¡¢Î¶ȡ¢´ß»¯¼Á¡¢¹ÌÌå±íÃæ»ý¾ùÄÜÓ°Ïì·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ£¬ËùÒÔÒª²â¶¨´ß»¯¼ÁµÄÓ°Ï죬ÆäËüÌõ¼þ±ØÐëÏàͬ£¬¼´·´Ó¦µÄζȡ¢¹ýÑõ»¯ÇâµÄŨ¶ÈÏàͬ£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º·´Ó¦µÄζȡ¢¹ýÑõ»¯ÇâµÄŨ¶È£»
¢ÚÏàͬʱ¼äÄÚÉú³ÉÑõÆøµÄÖÊÁ¿Ô½´ó£¬Ôò·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÔ½´ó£¬½áºÏ±íÖÐÊý¾Ý¿ÉÖª£¬MnO2 µÄ´ß»¯Ð§¹û×îºÃ£¬¦Á-Fe2O3¡¢¦Ã-Fe2O3µÄ´ß»¯Ð§¹ûÏ൱£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºMnO2 µÄ´ß»¯Ð§¹û×îºÃ£¬¦Á-Fe2O3¡¢¦Ã-Fe2O3µÄ´ß»¯Ð§¹ûÏ൱£»
¢Û½â£ºÉè10¡«20sÄÚÏûºÄH2O2µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îªnmol£¬10¡«20sÄÚÉú³ÉÑõÆøµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª0.160g£¬
2 H2O2 =2 H2O+O2
2mol 32g
n 0.160g
n=
2mol¡Á0.160g |
32g |
v£¨H2O2£©=
0.010mol |
0.01L¡Á10s |
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º0.100 mol?L-1?s -1£®
µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éÁ˸Ç˹¶¨ÂɵÄÓ¦Óᢻ¯Ñ§Æ½ºâ³£ÊýµÄº¬Òå¡¢´ß»¯¼Á¶Ô·´Ó¦ËÙÂʵÄÓ°Ïì¡¢·´Ó¦ËÙÂʵļÆËãµÈ£¬ÌâÄ¿×ÛºÏÐÔ½ÏÇ¿£¬ÄѶȽϴó£¬×¢Òâ¶Ô»ù´¡ÖªÊ¶µÄÕÆÎÕºÍÓ¦Óã®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿