ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿ÒÑÖªt ¡æʱ£¬0.01 mol/L NaOHÈÜÒºµÄpH£½11£¬0.1 mol/LµÄHAÈÜÒºÖÐc(H+)/c(OH-)=109
Çë»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©¸ÃζÈÏ£¬Ë®µÄÀë×Ó»ýKw£½_____£¬0.1 mol/LµÄHAÈÜÒºÖÐË®µçÀë³öµÄc(OH-)=_____¡£
£¨2£©ÔÚÊÒÎÂÏ£¬½«pHÖ®ºÍΪ14µÄNaOHÈÜÒººÍHAÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏºó£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒº³Ê_____(Ìî¡°Ëᡱ¡°¼î¡±»ò¡°ÖС±)ÐÔ¡£
£¨3£©ÔÚÊÒÎÂÏ£¬ÕôÁóˮϡÊÍ0.01 mol/L HAÈÜҺʱ£¬ÏÂÁгʼõСÇ÷ÊƵÄÊÇ_____¡£
A£®Ë®µÄµçÀë³Ì¶È B£®c(HA)/c(A-)
C£®ÈÜÒºÖÐc(H£«)ºÍc(OH£)µÄ³Ë»ý D£®ÈÜÒºÖÐc(A£)¡¤c(HA)µÄÖµ
£¨4£©ÊÒÎÂÏ£¬È¡pH£½2µÄÑÎËáºÍHAÈÜÒº¸÷100 mL£¬ÏòÆäÖзֱð¼ÓÈëÊÊÁ¿µÄZnÁ££¬·´Ó¦¹ý³ÌÖÐÁ½ÈÜÒºµÄpH±ä»¯ÈçͼËùʾ£º
¢ÙͼÖбíʾHAÈÜÒºpH±ä»¯ÇúÏßµÄÊÇ____(Ìî¡°A¡±»ò¡°B¡±)¡£
¢ÚÉèÑÎËáÖмÓÈëZnµÄÖÊÁ¿Îªm1£¬HAÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëZnµÄÖÊÁ¿Îªm2£¬Ôòm1_____m2(Ìî¡°>¡±¡°<¡±»ò¡°£½¡±)¡£
£¨5£©ÊÒÎÂÏ£¬È¡0.01 mol/LµÄÑÎËáºÍHAÈÜÒº¸÷100 mL£¬·Ö±ðµÎ¼Ó0.01 mol/LNaOHÈÜÒºÖÁÇ¡ºÃÍêÈ«·´Ó¦£¬ËùÐèNaOHÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýÇ°Õß____ºóÕß(Ìî¡°>¡±¡°<¡±»ò¡°£½¡±)¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿1¡Á10£13¡¡ 10£11mol/L Ëá BD B < £½
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
£¨1£©0.01mol¡¤L-1NaOHÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨OH££©=10-2mol¡¤L£1£¬ÒÑÖªpH=11£¬¸ù¾ÝKwµÄ¹«Ê½¼ÆË㣻
0.1mol¡¤L-1µÄHAÈÜÒºÖÐc(H£«)/c(OH£)=109£¬¸ù¾ÝKw¼ÆËãc£¨H£«£©£¬ÔÙ¼ÆËãË®µçÀëµÄµÄc(OH-)£»
£¨2£©ÔÚÊÒÎÂÏ£¬pHÖ®ºÍΪ14µÄNaOHÈÜÒººÍHAÈÜÒº£¬c£¨OH££©=c£¨H£«£©£¬ÓÉÓÚËáÊÇÈõËᣬËáµÄŨ¶È´óÓÚÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶È£»
£¨3£©HAÊÇÈõµç½âÖÊ£¬¼ÓˮϡÊÍHA£¬´Ù½øHAµçÀ룬Ôòn£¨A££©¡¢n£¨H£«£©Ôö´ó£¬n£¨HA£©¼õС£¬µ«Ëá¸ùÀë×Ó¡¢ÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÔö´óµÄ³Ì¶ÈСÓÚÈÜÒºÌå»ýÔö´óµÄ³Ì¶È£¬ËùÒÔc£¨A££©¡¢c£¨H£«£©¡¢c£¨HA£©¶¼¼õС¡£
£¨4£©HAÊÇÈõµç½âÖÊ£¬ÔÚ·´Ó¦¹ý³ÌÖÐHA¼ÌÐøµçÀë³öÇâÀë×Ó£¬Ôò·´Ó¦¹ý³ÌÖÐHAÖÐpHÔö´ó³Ì¶ÈСÓÚHCl£¬µ±ÍêÈ«·´Ó¦ºó£¬HAºÍÑÎËáÖÐpHÏàµÈ£¬ÔòHA·´Ó¦µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿´óÓÚÑÎËᣬ¸ù¾ÝËáºÍп֮¼äµÄ¹Øϵ¼ÆË㣮
£¨5£©0.01 mol¡¤L£1µÄÑÎËáºÍHAÈÜÒº¸÷100 mL£¬ÄÜÌṩµÄÇâÀë×ÓÏàͬ£¬ÏûºÄµÄ¼îÏàͬ¡£
£¨1£©0.01mol¡¤L-1NaOHÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨OH££©=10-2mol¡¤L£1£¬ÒÑÖªpH=11£¬¼´c£¨H£«£©=10-11mol¡¤L£1£¬ÔòKw=c£¨OH££©¡Ác£¨H£«£©=10-13£»
0.1mol¡¤L-1µÄHAÈÜÒºÖÐc(H£«)/c(OH£)=109£¬ÒÑÖªKw=10-13£¬Ôòc£¨H£«£©=10-2mol¡¤L£1£¬c(OH-)=10-11mol¡¤L£1£»
£¨2£©ÔÚÊÒÎÂÏ£¬pHÖ®ºÍΪ14µÄNaOHÈÜÒººÍHAÈÜÒº£¬ÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨OH££©µÈÓÚ´×ËáÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨H£«£©£¬ÓÉÓÚËáÊÇÈõËᣬËáµÄŨ¶È´óÓÚÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶È£¬ËùÒÔ»ìºÏºóËáÓÐÊ£Ó࣬ÔòÈÜÒºÏÔËáÐÔ£»
£¨3£©A¡¢¼ÓˮϡÊÍ£¬ÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýÔö´ó£¬c£¨H£«£©¼õС£¬¶ÔË®µÄµçÀëµÄÒÖÖƳ̶ȼõС£¬ËùÒÔË®µÄµçÀë³Ì¶ÈÔö´ó£¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
B¡¢¼ÓˮϡÊÍ£¬´Ù½øµçÀ룬Ôòn£¨A££©Ôö´ó£¬n£¨HA£©¼õС£¬ËùÒÔc(HA)/c(A£)¼õС£¬¹ÊBÕýÈ·£»
C¡¢ÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨H£«£©ºÍc£¨OH££©µÄ³Ë»ýΪ³£Êý£¬Î¶Ȳ»±ä£¬Ôò c£¨H£«£©ºÍc£¨OH££©µÄ³Ë»ý²»±ä£¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»
D¡¢¼ÓˮϡÊÍ£¬ÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýÔö´ó£¬c£¨A££©Óëc£¨HA£©¾ù¼õС£¬ËùÒÔÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨A££©¡¤c£¨HA£©µÄÖµ¼õС£¬¹ÊDÕýÈ·£»
¹ÊÑ¡BD¡£
£¨4£©£©¢ÙHAÊÇÈõµç½âÖÊ£¬ÔÚ·´Ó¦¹ý³ÌÖÐHAµçÀë³öÇâÀë×Ó£¬ËùÒÔ·´Ó¦¹ý³ÌÖÐHAÖÐC£¨H£«£©´óÓÚHCl£¬ÔòHAÖÐpHÔö´ó³Ì¶ÈСÓÚHCl£¬ËùÒÔ±íʾHAÈÜÒºÖÐpH±ä»¯ÇúÏßΪB£»
¢Úµ±ÍêÈ«·´Ó¦ºó£¬HAºÍÑÎËáÖÐpHÏàµÈ£¬Ôò²Î¼Ó·´Ó¦µÄn£¨HA£©£¾n£¨HCl£©£¬ËáÏûºÄµÄÔ½¶à£¬Ôò²Î¼Ó·´Ó¦µÄZnµÄÖÊÁ¿Ô½´ó£¬ËùÒÔm1£¼m2¡£
£¨5£©0.01 mol¡¤L£1µÄÑÎËáºÍHAÈÜÒº¸÷100 mL£¬ÄÜÌṩµÄÇâÀë×ÓÏàͬ£¬ÏûºÄµÄ¼îÏàͬ£¬ÊÒÎÂÏ£¬È¡0.01 mol/LµÄÑÎËáºÍHAÈÜÒº¸÷100 mL£¬·Ö±ðµÎ¼Ó0.01 mol/LNaOHÈÜÒºÖÁÇ¡ºÃÍêÈ«·´Ó¦£¬ËùÐèNaOHÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýÇ°ÕßµÈÓÚºóÕß¡£