ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
ÏÂÁÐÈÜÒºÖÐÓйØÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È¹ØϵÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
A£®pH=2µÄ´×ËáÈÜÒºÓëpH=12µÄNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£º
c (Na£«)£¾c(CH3COO£)£¾c(H£«)£¾c(OH£)
B£®ÏòNH4HSO4ÈÜÒºÖеμӵÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄNaOHÐγɵÄÈÜÒºÖУº
c(Na£«) £½c(SO42£) £¾c(NH4£«) £¾c(H£«) £¾c(OH£)
C£®0.1 mol¡¤L£1Na2CO3ÈÜÒºÓë0.1mol¡¤L£1NaHCO3,ÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏËùµÃÈÜÒº£º
c(CO32-)+2c(OH-)=c(HCO3-)+c(H2CO3)+2c(H+)
D£®ÏàͬζÈÏ£¬pHÏàµÈµÄNa2CO3ÈÜÒº¡¢C6H5ONa(±½·ÓÄÆ)ÈÜÒº¡¢NaOHÈÜÒº£ºc(C6H5ONa)>c(Na2CO3)>c(NaOH)
BD
½âÎö:pH=2µÄ´×ËáÈÜÒºÓëpH=12µÄNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏËá¹ýÁ¿£¬ÈÜÒºÏÔËáÐÔ£¬c (CH3COO£)£¾c (Na£«)£¾c(H£«)£¾c(OH£)£¬A´íÎó¡£ÏòNH4HSO4ÈÜÒºÖеμӵÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄNaOHÐγɵÄÈÜÒºÖÐ笠ùË®½âÏÔËáÐÔ£¬ c(Na£«) £½ c(SO42£) £¾c(NH4£«) £¾c(H£«) £¾c(OH£)£¬BÕýÈ·¡£
0.1 mol¡¤L£1Na2CO3ÈÜÒºÓë0.1mol¡¤L£1NaHCO3ÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏËùµÃÈÜÒºÈÜÒºÏÔ¼îÐÔ£¬c(CO32-)+2c(OH-)=c(HCO3-)+3c(H2CO3)+2c(H+)£¬C´íÎó¡£ÏàͬζÈÏ£¬pHÏàµÈµÄNa2CO3ÈÜÒº¡¢C6H5ONa(±½·ÓÄÆ)ÈÜÒº¡¢NaOHÈÜÒº£¬Ë®½â³Ì¶ÈÔ½´ó¶ÔÓ¦µÄŨ¶ÈÔ½´ó£¬DÕýÈ·¡£
A¡¢c£¨NH4+£©ÏàµÈµÄ£¨NH4£©2SO4¡¢NH4HSO4¡¢NH4ClÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨NH4HSO4£©£¾c[£¨NH4£©2SO4]£¾c£¨NH4Cl£© | B¡¢Ïò´×ËáÄÆÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÊÊÁ¿´×ËᣬµÃµ½µÄËáÐÔ»ìºÏÈÜÒº£ºc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨CH3COO-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨OH-£© | C¡¢1.0 mol/L Na2CO3ÈÜÒº£ºc£¨OH-£©=c£¨HCO3-£©+c£¨H+£©+2c£¨H2CO3£© | D¡¢Ä³¶þÔªÈõËáµÄËáʽÑÎNaHAÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨H+£©+c£¨Na+£©=c£¨OH-£©+c£¨HA-£©+c£¨A2-£© |