题目内容

有机物X、Y、M(已知M为乙酸)的转化关系为:淀粉→X→Y乙酸乙酯,下列说法错误的是
A.X可用新制的氢氧化铜悬浊液检验
B.实验室由Y和M制取乙酸乙酯时可用饱和NaOH溶液来提纯
C.由Y生成乙酸乙酯的反应属于取代反应
D.可用碘水检验淀粉是否水解完全
B

试题分析:淀粉水解生成葡萄糖,葡萄糖分解生成乙醇,乙醇与乙酸发生酯化反应生成乙酸乙酯,因此X是葡萄糖,Y是乙醇,M是乙酸。则A、葡萄糖中含有醛基,可用新制的氢氧化铜悬浊液检验,A正确;B、乙酸乙酯能与氢氧化钠溶液反应,应该用饱和碳酸钠溶液提纯,B不正确;C、酯化反应是取代反应,C正确;D、碘遇淀粉显蓝色,因此可用碘水检验淀粉是否水解完全,D正确,答案选B。
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(15分)有机物A为芳香烃,质谱分析表明其相对分子质量为92,某课题小组以A为起始原料可以合成酯类香料H和高分子化合物I,其相关反应如下图所示:                                                       
已知以下信息:
①碳烯(:CH2)又称卡宾,它十分活跃,很容易用它的两个未成对电子插在烷烃分子的C-H键之间使碳链增长。
②通常在同一个碳原子连有两个羟基不稳定,易脱水形成羰基。
回答下列问题:

(1)A的化学名称为         
(2)由B生成C的化学方程式为                ,该反应类型为          。                                                              (3)G的结构简式为           
(4)请写出由F生成I的化学方程式                                             
(5)写出G到H的反应方程式                                       。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
(6)H的所有同分异构体中,满足下列条件的共有        种;
①含有苯环        ②苯环上只有一个取代基          ③属于酯类
其中核磁共振氢谱有五种不同化学环境的氢,且峰面积比为1:1:2:2:6的是           (写结构简式)。

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