ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿A¡¢B¡¢C¡¢D¡¢E¡¢F¡¢GÆßÖÖÇ°ËÄÖÜÆÚÔªËØÇÒÔ×ÓÐòÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´ó£¬AµÄ×î¸ßÕý¼ÛºÍ×îµÍ¸º¼ÛµÄ¾ø¶ÔÖµÏàµÈ£¬BµÄ»ù̬Ô×ÓÓÐ3¸ö²»Í¬µÄÄܼ¶ÇÒ¸÷Äܼ¶Öеç×ÓÊýÏàµÈ£¬DµÄ»ù̬Ô×ÓÓëBµÄ»ù̬Ô×ÓµÄδ³É¶Ôµç×ÓÊýÄ¿Ïàͬ£¬EµÄ»ù̬Ô×ÓsÄܼ¶µÄµç×Ó×ÜÊýÓëpÄܼ¶µÄµç×ÓÊýÏàµÈ£¬FµÄ»ù̬Ô×ÓµÄ3d¹ìµÀµç×ÓÊýÊÇ4sµç×ÓÊýµÄ5±¶£¬GµÄ3d¹ìµÀÓÐ3¸öδ³É¶Ôµç×Ó£¬Çë»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©FµÄ»ù̬Ô×Óµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª £¬GÔÚÖÜÆÚ±íµÄλÖà ¡£
£¨2£©B¡¢C¡¢DµÄÔ×ӵĵÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜÓÉСµ½´óµÄ˳ÐòΪ £¨ÓÃÔªËØ·ûºÅ»Ø´ð£©£¬A¡¢C¡¢DÐγɵÄÀë×Ó»¯ºÏÎïÖеĻ¯Ñ§¼üÀàÐÍ ¡£
£¨3£©ÏÂÁйØÓÚB2A2£¨BÔ×Ó×îÍâ²ãÂú×ã8µç×ÓÎȶ¨½á¹¹£©·Ö×ÓºÍA2D2·Ö×ÓµÄ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ ¡£
a£®·Ö×ÓÖж¼º¬ÓЦҼüºÍ¦Ð¼ü b£®B2A2·Ö×ӵķеãÃ÷ÏÔµÍÓÚA2D2·Ö×Ó
c£®¶¼ÊǺ¬¼«ÐÔ¼üºÍ·Ç¼«ÐÔ¼üµÄ·Ç¼«ÐÔ·Ö×Ó d£®»¥ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌ壬·Ö×ӵĿռ乹ÐͶ¼ÎªÖ±ÏßÐÎ
e£®ÖÐÐÄÔ×Ó¶¼ÊÇspÔÓ»¯
£¨4£©Óõç×Óʽ±íʾEµÄÂÈ»¯ÎïµÄÐγɹý³Ì ¡£
£¨5£©FµÄ×î¸ßÕý¼ÛΪ+6¼Û£¬¶øÑõÔ×Ó×î¶àÖ»ÄÜÐγÉ2¸ö¹²¼Û¼ü£¬ÊÔÍƲâCrO5µÄ½á¹¹Ê½________¡£
£¨6£©CµÄ×îµÍ¼ÛµÄÇ⻯ÎïΪCH3£¬Í¨³£Çé¿öÏ£¬G2+µÄÈÜÒººÜÎȶ¨£¬ËüÓëCH3ÐγɵÄÅäλÊýΪ6µÄÅäÀë×ÓÈ´²»Îȶ¨£¬ÔÚ¿ÕÆøÖÐÒ×±»Ñõ»¯Îª[G(CH3)6]3+£¬¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽÊÇ £¬1 mol [G(CH3)6]3+ÅäÀë×Óº¬ÓЦҼüÊýĿΪ ¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿£¨1£©£ÛAr£Ý3d54s1£¨1·Ö£©£»µÚËÄÖÜÆÚ¡¢µÚVIII×壨1·Ö£©£¨2£©C£¼O£¼N£¨1·Ö£©£»
Àë×Ó¼ü¡¢¼«ÐÔ¼ü£¨2·Ö£©£¨3£©b£¨2·Ö£©£»£¨4£©
£¨5£©£¨6£©4[Co(NH3)6]2+£«O2£«2H2O ==4[Co(NH3)6]3+£«4OH£24 NA
¡¾½âÎö¡¿ÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£ºA¡¢B¡¢C¡¢D¡¢E¡¢F¡¢GÆßÖÖÇ°ËÄÖÜÆÚÔªËØÇÒÔ×ÓÐòÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´ó£¬AµÄ×î¸ßÕý¼ÛºÍ×îµÍ¸º¼ÛµÄ¾ø¶ÔÖµÏàµÈ£¬ÔòAÊǵÚIA×å»òµÚ¢ôA×åÔªËØ¡£BµÄ»ù̬Ô×ÓÓÐ3¸ö²»Í¬µÄÄܼ¶ÇÒ¸÷Äܼ¶Öеç×ÓÊýÏàµÈ£¬Õâ˵Ã÷BÊÇ̼ԪËØ£¬ËùÒÔAÊÇÇâÔªËØ¡£DµÄ»ù̬Ô×ÓÓëBµÄ»ù̬Ô×ÓµÄδ³É¶Ôµç×ÓÊýÄ¿Ïàͬ£¬ÔòDÊÇÑõÔªËØ£¬ËùÒÔCÊǵªÔªËØ¡£EµÄ»ù̬Ô×ÓsÄܼ¶µÄµç×Ó×ÜÊýÓëpÄܼ¶µÄµç×ÓÊýÏàµÈ£¬ËùÒÔEÊÇþԪËØ¡£GµÄ3d¹ìµÀÓÐ3¸öδ³É¶Ôµç×Ó£¬ËµÃ÷GµÄÔ×ÓÐòÊýÊÇ18+7+2£½29£¬¼´GÊÇCo¡£FµÄ»ù̬Ô×ÓµÄ3d¹ìµÀµç×ÓÊýÊÇ4sµç×ÓÊýµÄ5±¶£¬ËùÒÔFµÄÔ×ÓÐòÊýÊÇ18+5+1£½24£¬¼´FÊǸõÔªËØ¡£¡£
£¨1£©FµÄÔ×ÓÐòÊýÊÇ24£¬Ôò¸ù¾ÝºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼¹æÂÉ¿ÉÖª£¬»ù̬Ô×Óµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª£ÛAr£Ý3d54s1¡£CoÔÚÖÜÆÚ±íµÄλÖÃÊǵÚËÄÖÜÆÚ¡¢µÚVIII×å¡£
£¨2£©·Ç½ðÊôÐÔԽǿ£¬µÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜÔ½´ó¡£µ«ÓÉÓÚµªÔªËصÄ2p¹ìµÀµç×Ó´¦ÓÚ°ë³äÂú״̬£¬Îȶ¨ÐÔÇ¿£¬µÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜ´óÓÚÑõÔªËصģ¬ÔòB¡¢C¡¢DµÄÔ×ӵĵÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜÓÉСµ½´óµÄ˳ÐòΪC£¼O£¼N£»A¡¢C¡¢DÐγɵÄÀë×Ó»¯ºÏÎïÊÇï§ÑΣ¬ÆäÖеĻ¯Ñ§¼üÀàÐÍÊÇÀë×Ó¼ü¡¢¼«ÐÔ¼ü¡£
£¨3£©a£®ÒÒȲ·Ö×ӵĽṹʽΪH¡ªC¡ÔC¡ªH£¬ËùÒÔ·Ö×ÓÖж¼º¬ÓЦҼüºÍ¦Ð¼ü¡£Ë«ÑõË®µÄ½á¹¹Ê½ÎªH¡ªO¡ªO¡ªH£¬·Ö×ÓÖÐÖ»ÓЦҼü£¬a´íÎó£»b£®Ë«ÑõË®·Ö×Ó¼ä´æÔÚÇâ¼ü£¬·Ðµã¸ßÓÚÒÒȲ£¬bÕýÈ·£»c£®¶¼ÊǺ¬¼«ÐÔ¼üºÍ·Ç¼«ÐÔ¼ü£¬µ«ÒÒȲÊǷǼ«ÐÔ·Ö×Ó£¬¶øË«ÑõË®ÊǼ«ÐÔ·Ö×Ó£¬c´íÎó£»d£®¶þÕߵļ۵ç×ÓÊý²»ÏàµÈ£¬²»ÄÜ»¥ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌ壬·Ö×ӵĿռ乹ÐÍÒÒȲΪֱÏßÐΣ¬Ë«ÑõË®²»ÊÇÖ±ÏßÐÍ£¬d´íÎó£»e£®ÖÐÐÄÔ×Ó̼Ô×ÓÊÇspÔÓ»¯£¬ÑõÔ×ÓÊÇsp3ÔÓ»¯£¬e´íÎ󣬴ð°¸Ñ¡b¡£
£¨4£©ÂÈ»¯Ã¾ÊǺ¬ÓÐÀë×Ó¼üµÄÀë×Ó»¯ºÏÎÆäÐγɹý³ÌΪ
¡£
£¨5£©FµÄ×î¸ßÕý¼ÛΪ+6¼Û£¬¶øÑõÔ×Ó×î¶àÖ»ÄÜÐγÉ2¸ö¹²¼Û¼ü£¬Òò´ËCrO5µÄ½á¹¹Ê½Îª¡£
£¨6£©CµÄ×îµÍ¼ÛµÄÇ⻯ÎïΪCH3£¬Í¨³£Çé¿öÏ£¬G2+µÄÈÜÒººÜÎȶ¨£¬ËüÓëCH3ÐγɵÄÅäλÊýΪ6µÄÅäÀë×ÓÈ´²»Îȶ¨£¬ÔÚ¿ÕÆøÖÐÒ×±»Ñõ»¯Îª[G(CH3)6]3+£¬¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽÊÇ4[Co(NH3)6]2+£«O2£«2H2O ==4[Co(NH3)6]3+£«4OH££»µ¥¼ü¶¼ÊǦҼü£¬Ôò1 mol [G(CH3)6]3+ÅäÀë×Óº¬ÓЦҼüÊýĿΪ24NA¡£
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿°ëˮúÆøÊǹ¤ÒµºÏ³É°±µÄÔÁÏÆø£¬ÆäÖ÷Òª³É·ÖÊÇH2¡¢CO¡¢CO2¡¢N2ºÍH2O£¨g£©¡£°ëˮúÆø¾¹ýÏÂÁв½Öèת»¯ÎªºÏ³É°±µÄÔÁÏ¡£
Íê³ÉÏÂÁÐÌî¿Õ£º
£¨1£©°ëˮúÆøº¬ÓÐÉÙÁ¿Áò»¯Çâ¡£½«°ëˮúÆøÑùƷͨÈë____ÈÜÒºÖУ¨ÌîдÊÔ¼ÁÃû³Æ£©£¬³öÏÖ_______£¬¿ÉÒÔÖ¤Ã÷ÓÐÁò»¯Çâ´æÔÚ¡£
£¨2£©°ëˮúÆøÔÚÍ´ß»¯ÏÂʵÏÖCO±ä»»£ºCO+H2OCO2+H2
Èô°ëˮúÆøÖÐV(H2):V(CO):V(N2)=38£º28£º22£¬¾CO±ä»»ºóµÄÆøÌåÖУºV(H2):V(N2)=____________¡£
£¨3£©¼îÒºÎüÊÕ·¨ÊÇÍѳý¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄ·½·¨Ö®Ò»¡£ÒÑÖª£º
Na2CO3 | K2CO3 | |
20¡æ¼îÒº×î¸ßŨ¶È£¨mol/L£© | 2.0 | 8.0 |
¼îµÄ¼Û¸ñ£¨Ôª/kg£© | 1.25 | 9.80 |
ÈôÑ¡ÔñNa2CO3¼îÒº×÷ÎüÊÕÒº£¬ÆäÓŵãÊÇ__________£»È±µãÊÇ____________¡£Èç¹ûÑ¡ÔñK2CO3¼îÒº×÷ÎüÊÕÒº£¬ÓÃʲô·½·¨¿ÉÒÔ½µµÍ³É±¾£¿
___________________________________________
д³öÕâÖÖ·½·¨Éæ¼°µÄ»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦·½³Ìʽ¡£_______________________
£¨4£©ÒÔÏÂÊDzⶨ°ëˮúÆøÖÐH2ÒÔ¼°COµÄÌå»ý·ÖÊýµÄʵÑé·½°¸¡£
È¡Ò»¶¨Ìå»ý£¨±ê×¼×´¿ö£©µÄ°ëˮúÆø£¬¾¹ýÏÂÁÐʵÑé²½Öè²â¶¨ÆäÖÐH2ÒÔ¼°COµÄÌå»ý·ÖÊý¡£
¢ÙÑ¡ÓúÏÊʵÄÎÞ»úÊÔ¼Á·Ö±ðÌîÈë¢ñ¡¢¢ñ¡¢¢ô¡¢¢õ·½¿òÖС£
¢Ú¸ÃʵÑé·½°¸ÖУ¬²½Öè¢ñ¡¢¢òµÄÄ¿µÄÊÇ£º_________________¡£
¢Û¸ÃʵÑé·½°¸ÖУ¬²½Öè________£¨Ñ¡Ìî¡°¢ô¡±»ò¡°¢õ¡±£©¿ÉÒÔÈ·¶¨°ëˮúÆøÖÐH2µÄÌå»ý·ÖÊý¡£