ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ

³£ÎÂÏ£¬ÏÂÁÐÓйØÈÜÒºµÄpH»ò΢Á£µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È¹ØϵµÄÅжϲ»ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ(¡¡¡¡)¡£
A£®pH£½3µÄ´×ËáÈÜÒºÓëpH£½11µÄNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄpH<7
B£®pH£½3µÄ¶þÔªÈõËáH2RÈÜÒºÓëpH£½11µÄNaOHÈÜÒº»ìºÏºó£¬»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄpH£½7£¬Ôò·´Ó¦ºóµÄ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖУº2c(R2£­)£«c(HR£­)£½c(Na£«)
C£®½«0.2 mol¡¤L£­1µÄijһԪËáHAÈÜÒººÍ0.1 mol¡¤L£­1 NaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏºó£¬»ìºÏÈÜÒºµÄpH´óÓÚ7£¬Ôò·´Ó¦ºóµÄ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖУº2c(OH£­)£½2c(H£«)£«c(HA)£­c(A£­)
D£®Ä³ÎïÖʵÄÈÜÒºÖÐÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄc(H£«)£½1¡Á10£­a mol¡¤L£­1£¬Èôa>7£¬Ôò¸ÃÈÜÒºµÄpHÒ»¶¨Îª14£­a
¡¡D
¡¡Ñ¡ÏîA£¬´×ËáÔ¶Ô¶¹ýÁ¿£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒºÏÔËáÐÔ£¬AÕýÈ·¡£Ñ¡ÏîB£¬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغãÅжÏÊÇÕýÈ·µÄ¡£Ñ¡ÏîC£¬ÓɵçºÉÊغãµÃ£ºc(OH£­)£«c(A£­)£½c(H£«)£«
c(Na£«)£¬ÓÉÎïÁÏÊغãµÃ£º2c(Na£«)£½c(A£­)£«c(HA)£¬Á½Ê½½áºÏ¿ÉµÃ2c(OH£­)£½
2c(H£«)£«c(HA)£­c(A£­)¡£Ñ¡ÏîDÖÐ˵Ã÷Ë®µÄµçÀë±»ÒÖÖÆ£¬¿ÉÄÜÊÇËáÐÔÈÜÒº£¬Ò²¿ÉÄÜÊǼîÐÔÈÜÒº£¬Òò´ËÈÜÒºµÄpHµÈÓÚa»ò14£­a¡£
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿
¢ñ.ÒÑÖª:H2AµÄA2-¿É±íʾS2-¡¢S¡¢S¡¢Si»òCµÈÀë×Ó¡£
(1)³£ÎÂÏÂ,Ïò20 mL 0.2 mol¡¤L-1 H2AÈÜÒºÖеμÓ0.2 mol¡¤L-1 NaOHÈÜÒº¡£ÓйØ΢Á£ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿±ä»¯Èçͼ(ÆäÖТñ´ú±íH2A,¢ò´ú±íHA-,¢ó´ú±íA2-)¡£Çë¸ù¾ÝͼʾÌî¿Õ:

¢Ùµ±V(NaOH)="20" mLʱ,ÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС¹Øϵ:¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£ 
¢ÚµÈÌå»ýµÈŨ¶ÈµÄNaOHÈÜÒºÓëH2AÈÜÒº»ìºÏºó,ÆäÈÜÒºÖÐË®µÄµçÀë³Ì¶È±È´¿Ë®¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡(Ìî¡°´ó¡±¡°Ð¡¡±»ò¡°ÏàµÈ¡±),ÓûʹNaHAÈÜÒº³ÊÖÐÐÔ,¿ÉÒÔÏòÆäÖмÓÈë¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£ 
(2)ÈôH2AΪÁòËá:t¡æʱ,ÓÐpH=2µÄÏ¡ÁòËáºÍpH=11µÄNaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏºóÈÜÒº³ÊÖÐÐÔ,Ôò¸ÃζÈÏÂË®µÄÀë×Ó»ý³£ÊýKW=¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£ 
¢ò.ÒÑÖª:ÔÚ25 ¡æʱ¡¡H2OH++OH-¡¡KW=10-14
CH3COOHH++CH3COO-¡¡Ka=1.8¡Á10-5
(3)´×ËáÄÆË®½âµÄƽºâ³£ÊýKhµÄ±í´ïʽΪ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡,¾ßÌåÊýÖµ=¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡,µ±Éý¸ßζÈʱ,Kh½«¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡(Ìî¡°Ôö´ó¡±¡°¼õС¡±»ò¡°²»±ä¡±)¡£ 
(4)0.5 mol¡¤L-1´×ËáÄÆÈÜÒºpHΪm,ÆäË®½âµÄ³Ì¶È(ÒÑË®½âµÄ´×ËáÄÆÓëÔ­Óд×ËáÄƵıÈÖµ)Ϊa;1 mol¡¤L-1´×ËáÄÆÈÜÒºpHΪn,Ë®½âµÄ³Ì¶ÈΪb,ÔòmÓënµÄ¹ØϵΪ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡,aÓëbµÄ¹ØϵΪ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£(Ìî¡°´óÓÚ¡±¡°Ð¡ÓÚ¡±»ò¡°µÈÓÚ¡±) 
¢ó.(5)25 ¡æʱ,½«a mol¡¤L-1µÄ°±Ë®Óëb mol¡¤L-1ÑÎËáµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ,·´Ó¦ºóÈÜҺǡºÃÏÔÖÐÐÔ,Ôòab(Ìî¡°´óÓÚ¡±¡°Ð¡ÓÚ¡±»ò¡°µÈÓÚ¡±)¡£ÓÃa¡¢b±íʾNH3¡¤H2OµÄµçÀëƽºâ³£ÊýΪ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£ 

Î¥·¨ºÍ²»Á¼ÐÅÏ¢¾Ù±¨µç»°£º027-86699610 ¾Ù±¨ÓÊÏ䣺58377363@163.com

¾«Ó¢¼Ò½ÌÍø