ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
½ðÊô·°£¨V£©ÔÚ²ÄÁÏ¿ÆѧÉÏÓÐÖØÒª×÷Ó㬱»³ÆΪ¡°ºÏ½ðµÄάÉúËØ¡±£®ÒÔÏÂÊDzⶨ¿óʯÖз°µÄº¬Á¿µÄÁ½¸ö·´Ó¦£º
£¨1£©ÓÃÏ¡ÁòËáÈܽâÎåÑõ»¯¶þ·°£¬µÃµ½£¨VO2£©2SO4ÈÜÒº£®Ð´³ö¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ £»¸Ã·´Ó¦ £¨Ñ¡Ìî¡°ÊÇ¡±»ò¡°²»ÊÇ¡±£©Ñõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦£®
£¨2£©ÓÃÒÑ֪Ũ¶ÈµÄÁòËáËữµÄH2C2O4£¨H2C2O4ÖÐCΪ+3¼Û£©ÈÜÒº£¬µÎ¶¨£¨VO2£©2SO4ÈÜÒº£¬Íê³ÉÏÂÁÐÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ£¬ÌîдÎïÖʵĻ¯Ñ§Ê½»òÀë×Ó·ûºÅ£®
VO2++ H2C2O4+ ¡ú VO2++ CO2+
£¨3£©·´Ó¦ÖÐ×öÑõ»¯¼ÁµÄÊÇ £¬±»»¹ÔµÄÔªËØÊÇ £®
£¨4£©ÓûÖª¸Ã·´Ó¦ÄÜ·ñÓÃÑÎËáËữ£¬»¹ÐèÒªÖªµÀµÄÊÇ Ïà¶Ô´óС£®
£¨1£©ÓÃÏ¡ÁòËáÈܽâÎåÑõ»¯¶þ·°£¬µÃµ½£¨VO2£©2SO4ÈÜÒº£®Ð´³ö¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ
£¨2£©ÓÃÒÑ֪Ũ¶ÈµÄÁòËáËữµÄH2C2O4£¨H2C2O4ÖÐCΪ+3¼Û£©ÈÜÒº£¬µÎ¶¨£¨VO2£©2SO4ÈÜÒº£¬Íê³ÉÏÂÁÐÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ£¬ÌîдÎïÖʵĻ¯Ñ§Ê½»òÀë×Ó·ûºÅ£®
£¨3£©·´Ó¦ÖÐ×öÑõ»¯¼ÁµÄÊÇ
£¨4£©ÓûÖª¸Ã·´Ó¦ÄÜ·ñÓÃÑÎËáËữ£¬»¹ÐèÒªÖªµÀµÄÊÇ
¿¼µã£ºÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦
רÌ⣺Ñõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦×¨Ìâ
·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©ÓÃÏ¡ÁòËáÈܽâÎåÑõ»¯¶þ·°£¬µÃµ½£¨VO2£©2SO4ÈÜÒº£¬·½³ÌʽΪÑõ»¯ÎïÓëËá·´Ó¦£¬·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽΪ£ºV2O5+H2SO4¨T£¨VO2£©2SO4+H2O£¬ÓÉVO2+ÖÐVÔªËØ»¯ºÏ¼ÛÓÉ+5µÃµ½£¨VO2£©2SO4ÈÜÒºÖÐVÔªËØ»¯ºÏ¼ÛÓÉ+5£¬ËµÃ÷¸Ã·´Ó¦ÊÇ·ÇÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦£»
£¨2£©VO2+ÖÐVÔªËØ»¯ºÏ¼ÛÓÉ+5¼Û½µµÍΪVO+ÖÐ+3¼Û£¬H2C2O4ÖÐ̼ԪËØÓÉ+3¼ÛÉý¸ßΪCO2ÖÐ+4¼Û£¬H2C2O4ÊÇ»¹Ô¼Á£»»¯ºÏ¼ÛÉý½µµÄ×îС¹«±¶ÊýΪ2£¬ËùÒÔVO2+ϵÊýΪ1£¬H2C2O4ϵÊýΪ1£¬ÔÙ¸ù¾ÝÔ×ÓÊغ㣨µçºÉÊغ㣩ÅäƽÆäËüÎïÖʵÄϵÊý£¬Óõ¥ÏßÇÅ»¹Ô¼ÁÖÐʧµç×ÓµÄÔªËØÖ¸ÏòµÃµç×ÓµÄÔªËØ£»
£¨3£©ÓÉ£¨2£©¿ÉÖªCÔªËصĻ¯ºÏ¼ÛÉý¸ß£¬VÔªËصĻ¯ºÏ¼Û½µµÍ£»
£¨4£©ÑÎËáËữҪ¿¼ÂÇÑÎËá±¾ÉíµÄ¸º-¼ÛÂȵĻ¹ÔÐÔ£®
£¨2£©VO2+ÖÐVÔªËØ»¯ºÏ¼ÛÓÉ+5¼Û½µµÍΪVO+ÖÐ+3¼Û£¬H2C2O4ÖÐ̼ԪËØÓÉ+3¼ÛÉý¸ßΪCO2ÖÐ+4¼Û£¬H2C2O4ÊÇ»¹Ô¼Á£»»¯ºÏ¼ÛÉý½µµÄ×îС¹«±¶ÊýΪ2£¬ËùÒÔVO2+ϵÊýΪ1£¬H2C2O4ϵÊýΪ1£¬ÔÙ¸ù¾ÝÔ×ÓÊغ㣨µçºÉÊغ㣩ÅäƽÆäËüÎïÖʵÄϵÊý£¬Óõ¥ÏßÇÅ»¹Ô¼ÁÖÐʧµç×ÓµÄÔªËØÖ¸ÏòµÃµç×ÓµÄÔªËØ£»
£¨3£©ÓÉ£¨2£©¿ÉÖªCÔªËصĻ¯ºÏ¼ÛÉý¸ß£¬VÔªËصĻ¯ºÏ¼Û½µµÍ£»
£¨4£©ÑÎËáËữҪ¿¼ÂÇÑÎËá±¾ÉíµÄ¸º-¼ÛÂȵĻ¹ÔÐÔ£®
½â´ð£º
½â£º£¨1£©ÓÃÏ¡ÁòËáÈܽâÎåÑõ»¯¶þ·°£¬µÃµ½£¨VO2£©2SO4ÈÜÒº£¬·½³ÌʽΪÑõ»¯ÎïÓëËá·´Ó¦£¬·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽΪ£ºV2O5+H2SO4¨T£¨VO2£©2SO4+H2O£¬ÓÉVO2+ÖÐVÔªËØ»¯ºÏ¼ÛÓÉ+5µÃµ½£¨VO2£©2SO4ÈÜÒºÖÐVÔªËØ»¯ºÏ¼ÛÓÉ+5£¬ËµÃ÷¸Ã·´Ó¦ÊÇ·ÇÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºV2O5+H2SO4¨T£¨VO2£©2SO4+H2O£»²»ÊÇ£»
£¨2£©VO2+ÖÐVÔªËØ»¯ºÏ¼ÛÓÉ+5¼Û½µµÍΪVO2+ÖÐ+4¼Û£¬H2C2O4ÖÐ̼ԪËØÓÉ+3¼ÛÉý¸ßΪCO2ÖÐ+4¼Û£¬H2C2O4ÊÇ»¹Ô¼Á£»»¯ºÏ¼ÛÉý½µµÄ×îС¹«±¶ÊýΪ2£¬ËùÒÔVO2+ϵÊýΪ2£¬H2C2O4ϵÊýΪ1£¬¸ù¾ÝÔ×ÓÊغã¿ÉÖª£¬VO2+£¬ÏµÊýΪ2£¬CO2ϵÊýΪ2£¬H2OϵÊýΪ2£¬È»ºóͨ¹ýµçºÉÊغ㣬µÃ¿ÕµÄÒ»ÏîÊÇÇâÀë×Ó£¬ÅäƽºóÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ2VO2++H2C2O4+2H+¨TVO2++2CO2+2H2O£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º2£»1£»2H+£»2£»2£»2H2O£»
£¨3£©ÓÉ£¨2£©¿ÉÖªCÔªËصĻ¯ºÏ¼ÛÉý¸ß£¬VÔªËصĻ¯ºÏ¼Û½µµÍ£¬ÔòVO2+ΪÑõ»¯¼Á£¬±»»¹ÔµÄÔªËØΪ+5¼ÛµÄV£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºVO2+£»+5¼ÛµÄV£»
£¨4£©ÓûÖª¸Ã·´Ó¦ÄÜ·ñÓÃÑÎËáËữ£¬Òª¿¼ÂÇÑÎËá±¾ÉíµÄ¸º-¼ÛÂȵĻ¹ÔÐÔ£¬¼´ÐèÒªÖªµÀVO2+ÔÚËáÐÔÌõ¼þϺÍÂÈÆøÑõ»¯ÐÔµÄÏà¶Ô´óС£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºVO2+ÔÚËáÐÔÌõ¼þϺÍÂÈÆøÑõ»¯ÐÔ£®
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºV2O5+H2SO4¨T£¨VO2£©2SO4+H2O£»²»ÊÇ£»
£¨2£©VO2+ÖÐVÔªËØ»¯ºÏ¼ÛÓÉ+5¼Û½µµÍΪVO2+ÖÐ+4¼Û£¬H2C2O4ÖÐ̼ԪËØÓÉ+3¼ÛÉý¸ßΪCO2ÖÐ+4¼Û£¬H2C2O4ÊÇ»¹Ô¼Á£»»¯ºÏ¼ÛÉý½µµÄ×îС¹«±¶ÊýΪ2£¬ËùÒÔVO2+ϵÊýΪ2£¬H2C2O4ϵÊýΪ1£¬¸ù¾ÝÔ×ÓÊغã¿ÉÖª£¬VO2+£¬ÏµÊýΪ2£¬CO2ϵÊýΪ2£¬H2OϵÊýΪ2£¬È»ºóͨ¹ýµçºÉÊغ㣬µÃ¿ÕµÄÒ»ÏîÊÇÇâÀë×Ó£¬ÅäƽºóÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ2VO2++H2C2O4+2H+¨TVO2++2CO2+2H2O£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º2£»1£»2H+£»2£»2£»2H2O£»
£¨3£©ÓÉ£¨2£©¿ÉÖªCÔªËصĻ¯ºÏ¼ÛÉý¸ß£¬VÔªËصĻ¯ºÏ¼Û½µµÍ£¬ÔòVO2+ΪÑõ»¯¼Á£¬±»»¹ÔµÄÔªËØΪ+5¼ÛµÄV£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºVO2+£»+5¼ÛµÄV£»
£¨4£©ÓûÖª¸Ã·´Ó¦ÄÜ·ñÓÃÑÎËáËữ£¬Òª¿¼ÂÇÑÎËá±¾ÉíµÄ¸º-¼ÛÂȵĻ¹ÔÐÔ£¬¼´ÐèÒªÖªµÀVO2+ÔÚËáÐÔÌõ¼þϺÍÂÈÆøÑõ»¯ÐÔµÄÏà¶Ô´óС£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºVO2+ÔÚËáÐÔÌõ¼þϺÍÂÈÆøÑõ»¯ÐÔ£®
µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦£¬Îª¸ßƵ¿¼µã£¬°ÑÎÕÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦Åäƽ¡¢»ù±¾¸ÅÄî¼°Ñõ»¯ÐԵıȽÏΪ½â´ðµÄ¹Ø¼ü£¬×¢ÒâÀûÓÃÐÅÏ¢·ÖÎö½â´ð£¬×¢ÖØ֪ʶǨÒÆÓ¦ÓÃÄÜÁ¦µÄ¿¼²é£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿
ÏÂÁз´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ²»ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
A¡¢ÏòƯ°×·ÛÖÐͨÈËÉÙÁ¿µÄSO2ÆøÌ壺Ca2++2ClO-+SO2+H2O¨TCaSO3¡ý+2HClO | ||||
B¡¢½«CO2ͨÈëµ½´¿¼î±¥ºÍÈÜÒºÖУº2Na++CO32-+CO2+H2O¨T2NaHCO3¡ý | ||||
C¡¢ÏòBa£¨OH£©2ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈë×ãÁ¿µÄNaHCO3ÈÜÒº£ºBa2++2OH-+2HCO3-¨TBaCO3¡ý+CO32-+2H2O | ||||
D¡¢½«±¥ºÍFeCl3ÈÜÒºµÎÈë·ÐË®ÖÐÖƽºÌ壺Fe3++3H2O
|
ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÖУ¬ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
A¡¢ÏàÁÚµÄÔ×ÓÖ®¼äµÄÏ໥×÷ÓýÐ×ö»¯Ñ§¼ü |
B¡¢½ðÊôºÍ·Ç½ðÊôÔªËصÄÏ໥»¯ºÏ£¬¶¼ÄÜÐγÉÀë×Ó¼ü |
C¡¢·Ç½ðÊôÔªËصÄÔ×Ӱ뾶±ÈÆäÀë×Ӱ뾶С£¨Çâ³ýÍ⣩£¬½ðÊôÔªËصÄÔ×ÓµÄÔ×Ӱ뾶±ÈÆäÀë×Ӱ뾶´ó |
D¡¢¼×ÔªËØÔ×Ӱ뾶±ÈÒÒÔªËØÔ×Ӱ뾶´ó£¬Ôò¼×µÄÀë×Ӱ뾶һ¶¨±ÈÒÒµÄÔ×Ӱ뾶´ó |