题目内容
【题目】“孝”是儒家伦理思想的核心。然而，近年频频爆出的关于“扶不起”(面对摔倒的路人，不肯、不敢上前搀扶等现象)种种负面新闻。人们开始怀疑我们这个社会是否正遭遇“道德寒冬”。面对这一窘境，某市的做法是：大力宣传中华传统美德，加强舆论的正面引导作用；深入挖掘人们内心深处向善的因素，树立助人为乐的道德典范；制定《公民救助行为保护条例》，让那些主动去“扶”去“助”之人的合法权益得到保护，使“扶得起”变成人人欲为的德行，实现由“不扶”到“扶”的变化。
从“加强思想道德建设”的角度，结合材料说明该市是如果实现由“不扶”到“扶”的转变的。
【答案】①继承和发扬中华传统美德，全面提高公民道德素养。②坚持依法治国与以德治国相结合，制定救助行为保护法规，保护救助人的合法权益。③树立助人为乐的道德典范，充分发挥道德模范的榜样作用。④加强舆论的正面引导，以正确的舆论引导人，以高尚的精神塑造人。
【解析】本题以公民生活中的具体道德行为为例，考查学生对材料的解读能力、对教材知识进行整理和归纳的能力。结合教材基础知识，学生可以从思想道德建设、社会主义荣辱观、道德环境、道德模范的榜样作用等角度对材料进行分析和解读。
【题目】Passage 1
体裁 | 话题 | 词数 | 难度 | 建议时间 |
记叙文 | 救助猫头鹰 | 296 | ★★★☆☆ | 4分钟 |
(2017·新课标全国卷I)I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.
I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.
I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.
The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.
Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.
A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all — LUNCH! The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.
【1】What is unavoidable in the author’s rescue work according to paragraph 1?
A. Efforts made in vain.
B. Getting injured in his work.
C. Feeling uncertain about his future.
D. Creatures forced out of their homes.
【2】Why was the author called to Muttontown?
A. To rescue a woman.
B. To take care of a woman.
C. To look at a baby owl.
D. To cure a young owl.
【3】 What made the chick calm down?
A. A new nest. B. Some food.
C. A recording. D. Its parents.
【4】How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?
A. It’s unexpected. B. It’s beautiful.
C. It’s humorous. D. It’s discouraging.
【题目】
Many Americans concerned about air pollution are demanding cleaner and cheaper supplies of energy. The demand has resulted in increased research about ethanol fuel. Ethanol is an alcohol that can be mixed with gas. It burns up most of the pollutants in gas. It replaced some of the chemicals that are known to cause cancer.
Some experts say that in the future ethanol will replace some of the oil imported into America. Today ethanol is less than one percent of the total American fuel supply. The head of the National Corn Growers Association, Kieve Hars, says ethanol will provide twenty five percent of the fuel supply by 2010. The organization is involved in the production of ethanol because it can be made from corn.
One company in American Midwest says it is starting to produce ethanol because of demands from people and from the government. The Congress approved the Clean Air Act in 1990. The company says this means the market for ethanol will expand. The company is a major producer of corn starch (淀粉) that can be used to make ethanol.
At Texas University, Professor Mark Holzapple produces ethanol from materials found in solid waste. He has developed a way to turn materials like paper into simple sugar. He then uses yeast (酵母) to turn the sugar into ethanol. Professor Holzappple says two hundred liters of ethanol fuel can be produced from one ton of solid waste.
A professor at the University of Arkansas, John Geddie, is exploring another way to make ethanol. He is using acids on paper material. He says a large factory could produce ethanol from waste paper about the same cost of that of gasoline.
Environmentalists support the use of ethanol because it turns waste into a useful product. Professor Holzapple says law makers in industrial nations need to support the development of this renewable fuel of the future.
根据上面的短文填空，一空一词。
Title: Ethanol: 【1】__________________________ and Cheap Fuel
Definition and uses | A kind of 【2】 __________ | It can be mixed with gas. |
It helps remove some 【3】 _________ pollutants from gas. | ||
It replaces some chemicals known to cause 【4】 ________. | ||
It will take the place of 【5】 ___________________ . | ||
Production | Ethanol | From starch |
From material found in solid 【6】 _________ like paper | ||
Opinions | The public | Demand the production and use of ethanol |
The 【7】 ________________ | Approve the Clean Air Act | |
The 【8】 ________________ | Meet the expanding market | |
Environmentalists | 【9】 __________________ the development of it | |
Conclusion | Ethanol, as a renewable fuel, will be produced and used more widely in the world, and it needs the support of law 【10】 ________________. | |