题目内容

【题目】阅读下列文段,完成下列

吾尝终日而思矣,不如须臾之所学也;吾尝跂而望矣,不如登高之博见也。登高而招,臂非加长也,而见者远;顺风而呼,声非加疾也,而闻者彰。假舆马者,非足也,而致千里;假舟楫,非能也,而绝江河。君子生非异也,善假物也。

积土成山,风雨兴;积水成渊,蛟龙生;积善成德,神明自得,圣心备焉。故不积跬步,无以至千里;不积小流,无以成江海。骐骥一跃,不能十步;驽马十驾,功在不舍。锲而舍之,朽木不折;锲而不舍,金石可镂。蚓无爪牙之利,筋骨之强,上食埃土,下饮黄泉,用心也。蟹六跪而二螯,非蛇蟮之穴无可寄托者,用心躁也。

【1】对下列句中加点的词的解释,不正确的一项是(

A.假舆马者,非足也 利:对……有利。

B.不积小流,无以成江海。 无以:没有用来……的(办法)。

C.假舟楫者,非能 水:游水,游泳。

D.上食埃土,下饮黄泉,用心 一:专一。

【2】下列句中加点的虚词意义和用法相同的一项是

A.君子生非异也,善假物也 青,取之蓝,而青

B.假舟楫,非能水也 虽有槁暴,不复挺,輮使之然也

C.知明行无过矣 积善成德,神明自得,圣心备焉

D.积土成山,风雨兴 积水成渊,蛟龙生

【3】下面对文段的分析理解不正确的一项是

A.选文启发我们,说理并不排除生动性,方法之一就是运用比喻论证。

B.从所选的文段可以看出,荀子所讲的,不仅指学习各种文化知识,还包括加

强思想品德修养。

C.从所选文段还可以看出,荀子认为,对来讲,人的先天条件是决定因素,同

样需要后天的努力。

D.选文段说理的突出特点是以喻代议,寓议于喻。

【4】将文中画线的句子翻译成现代汉语。

1)顺风而呼,声非加疾也,而闻者彰。

答:____________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

2)蟹六跪而二螯,非蛇蟮之穴无可寄托者,用心躁也。

答:_____________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】C

【4】1)顺着风向呼喊,声音并没有加大,但是听的人听的特别清楚。(2)螃蟹有六只脚和两只钳夹,除了蛇洞和鳝洞就没有可以藏身的地方,(是因为)用心浮躁。

【解析】

【1】利:走得快。

【2】D项,两个都是兼词,相当于于此,可译为从这里”“在这里

A项,介词,表示比较/介词,相当于B项,用在形容词、动词或动词短语后面,组

成名词性的结构,表示“……的人“……的事物的意思/用在由结果推出原因的句子

里,表示略作停顿,并提示下面要说明的原因;C项,连词,表并列/连词,表示顺承,相

当于于是

【3】人的先天条件是决定因素错误,文中没有这种说法和倾向。

【4】第(1)题要译出重点词语”“的含义,译文句意正确。第(1)题要译出重词语”“”“寄托”“的含义,译文句意正确。译文语意通顺。

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相关题目

【题目】A mother from Colorado who doctors said had died while giving birth to her son, has said it is a Christmas miracle that both she and the boy are alive.

Tracey Hermanstorfer's heart stopped beating and her son Coltyn appeared lifeless after the Caesarean section(剖腹产手术)on Christmas Eve. However a few minutes after he was born, both began breathing again. Dr Stephanie Martin told Good Morning America she could not explain how the pair survived. Mrs. Hermanstorfer and her husband Mike told the American television show that their baby was now healthy and that they were doing “good” following the drama at Colorado Springs Memorial Hospital.

The couplewho already had two children, had to go into the hospital seven weeks earlier than planned. Her husband, 37, said his wife was tired after receiving an epidural (硬膜夕卜麻醉)during the labour (分娩)but after closing her eyes, she "wasn't waking up". She stopped breathing and she is believed to have suffered a heart attack before her heart stopped beating entirely.

Dr Martin said she was called in and that the outlook was grim since in most situations like this"despite the best efforts of the team"the mother was often unable to be revived. In that case doctors then tried to focus on delivering the baby but when he was born he was "completely lifeless".

Mr. Hermanstorfer told the Associated Press news agency" I had everything in the world taken from me, and in an hour and a half I had everything given to me. "

Dr Martin said she did not have a “great explanation" for why Mrs. Hermanstorferheartbeat re-turned. "Somewhere between four and five minutes she had been without heart rate and had stopped breathing a minute or two prior to her heart stop-ping," she said. The doctors were then able to bring the baby back to life, and the mother was alive after that.

Despite tests, she said doctors were still not sure about what had happened. However Mrs. Hermanstorfer and her husband Mike have said they believed it was down to a miracle. She said“I got a second chance in life.

1 The story happened on __________

A. December 24

B. December 25

C. December 31

D. January 1

2 What might have happened to Tracey Hermanstorfer just before her heart stopped beating?

A. She became unconscious.

B. She took a nap.

C. She had a bad headache.

D. She suffered a heart attack.

3 Which of the following is the correct order of what happened to Tracey Hermanstorfer?

a. suffering a heart attack

b. stopping heart beating entirely

c. stopping breathing

d. coming back to life

e. receiving an epidural

f. producing a baby

A. acfdbe

B. fcadbe

C. eacbfd

D. eabcfd

4 What feelings did Mr. Hermanstorfer experience during the incident?

A. Sad and delighted.

B. Disappointed and depressed.

C. Sad and angry.

D. Touched and regrettable.

5 Which of the following words best expresses Dr Martin's attitude towards Tracey Hermanstorfer's coming back to life?

A. Shocked.

B. Puzzled.

C. Normal.

D. Curious.

【题目】阅读下面的文言文,完成下列各题。

李大性,字伯和,端州四会人。少力学,尤习本朝典故。以父任入官,进《艺祖庙谟》百篇。又言:元丰制,六察许言事,章惇为相始禁之,乞复旧制,以广言路。从臣力荐之,迁一秩,为湖北提刑司干官。未几,入为主管吏部架阁文字。丁母艰,服阕,进《典故辩疑》百篇,皆本朝故实,盖网罗百氏野吏,订以日历,核其正舛,率有据依,孝宗读而褒嘉之。

擢大理司直,迁令所删定官,通劓楚州。郡守吴曦与都统刘超合议,欲撤城移他所,大性谓:楚城实晋所筑,最坚,奈何以脆薄易坚厚乎?持不可。台臣将劫其沮挠,不果。会从官送北客,朝命因俾廉访,具以实闻,遂罢戎帅,召大性除太府寺丞。

陈傅良以言事去国,彭龟年、黄度等继皆去。大性抗疏言:朝廷清明乃使言者无故而去臣所甚惜也数人之心皆本受君知其爱君任其去而不顾恐端人正士之去者将不止此

为户部待郎,升尚书。朝论将用兵,大性条陈利害,主不宜轻举之说,忤韩侂胄意,出知平江,充荆湖制置使。江陵当用兵后,残毁饥馑,继以疾疲,大性首议振贷,凡三十八万缗有奇。前官虚羡,凡十有四万五千缗,率蠲放不督,民流移新复业者,皆奏免征。边郡武爵,本以励士,冒滥滋众,大性劾两路戎司冒受逃亡付身,凡三千四百九十有七道,率缴上毁抹。江陵旧使铜镪,钱重楮轻。民持赀入市,有终日不得一钱者。大性奏乞依襄、郢例通用铁钱,于是采货流通,民始复业。除刑部尚书兼详定敕令。卒于家,年七十七,赠开府仪同三司,谥文惠。

(选自《宋史·李大性传》,有删改)

【注】羡:盈余。钱重楮轻:指纸币不能兑换成铜钱,贬值。楮:纸币。

1下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句,正确的一项是(

A.朝廷清明/乃使言者无故而去/臣所甚惜也/数人之心/皆本爱君/知其爱君/任其去/而不顾恐端人正士之去者/将不止此

B.朝廷清明/乃使言者无故而去/臣所甚惜也/数人之心/皆本爱君/知其爱君/任其去而不顾/恐端人正士之去者将不止此

C.朝廷清明乃使言者/无故而去臣/所甚惜也/数人之心/皆本爱君/知其爱君/任其去而/不顾恐端人正士之去者/将不止此

D.朝廷清明乃使言者/无故而去臣/所甚惜也/数人之心/皆本爱君知/其爱君任其去/而不顾/恐端人正士之去者将不止此

【2】下列对文中加横线词语的相关内容的解说,不正确的一项是(

A.丁母艰,遭逢母亲丧事。古代在职的官员,如父母去世,一般要辞官回家,为父母守孝。

B.敕,可以指皇帝的命令或诏书。皇帝下达制令的形式一般有谕、旨、策、制、诏等。

C.榷,文中指税。榷,也指专卖。古代很早就有专卖制度,主要产品有盐、茶、酒等。

D.刑部,古代官署名,六部之一,掌管刑法、诉讼、军令、考课等事务,长官是刑部尚书。

【3】下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析,不正确的一项是(

A.李大性积极进言,主张广开言路。他因父亲的恩荫步入任途,积极进献文章;他反对章惇禁言的做法,认为应该恢复以前的进言制度。

B.李大性关注边防,为政务实。楚州郡守和都统想弃城而去,李大性表示反对,差一点被台臣弹劾;李大性把察访情况如实报告朝廷,有官员被惩处。

C.李大性不惧权贵,力除弊政,他反对出兵打仗,得罪人而被调出京城;前任官员不追讨欠税,他予以纠正;有人利用边防政策进行舞弊,他予以处理。

D.李大性关注民生,体恤百姓。江陵地区使用铜钱,纸币贬值,有人做买卖一天换不到一枚铜钱,李大性建议使用铁钱,解决了民生问题。

【4】把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。

1)盖网罗百氏野史,订以日历,梧其正舛,率有据依。

译文:___________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

2)江陵当用兵后,残毁饥馑,继以疾疫,大性首议振贷。

译文:___________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

【题目】阅读下面的文言文,完成下列各题。

景公问晏子曰:吾欲服圣王之服,居圣王之室,如此,则诸侯其至乎?

晏子对曰:法其节俭则可;法其服,居其室,无益也。三王不同服而王,非以服致诸侯也,诚于爱民,果于行善,天下怀其德而归其义,若其衣服节俭而众也。夫冠足以修敬不务其饰衣足以掩形御寒不务其美身服不杂彩首服不镂刻。古者尝有处橧巢窟穴而不恶,予而不取,天下不朝其室,而共归其仁。及三代作服,为益敬也,首服足以修敬,而不重也,身服足以行洁,而不害于动作。服之轻重便于身,用财之费顺于民。其不为橧巢者,以避风也;其不为窟穴者,以避湿也。是故明堂之制,下之润湿,不能及也;上之寒暑,不能入也。土事不,木事不镂,示民知节也。及其衰也,衣服之侈过足以敬,宫室之美过避润湿,用力甚多,用财甚费,与民为仇。今君欲法圣王之服,不法其制,若法其节俭也,则虽未成治,庶其有益也。今君穷台榭之高,极污池之深而不止,务于刻镂之巧,文章之观而不厌,则亦与民而仇矣。若臣之虑,恐国之危,而公不平也。公乃愿致诸侯,不亦难乎!公之言过矣。

景公禄晏子以平阴与槀邑。晏子辞曰:吾君好治宫室,民之力敝矣;又好盘游玩好,以饬女子,民之财竭矣;又好兴师,民之死近矣。弊其力,竭其财,近其死,下之其上甚矣!此婴之所为不敢受也。

公曰:是则可矣。虽然,君子独不欲富与贵乎?

晏子曰:婴闻为人臣者,先君后身,安国而度家,君而处身,曷为独不欲富与贵也!

公曰:然则曷以禄夫子?

晏子对曰:君商渔盐,关市讥而不征;耕者十取一焉;弛刑罚,若死者刑,若刑者罚,若罚者免。若此三言者, 婴之禄,君之利也。

公曰:此三言者,寡人无事焉,请以从夫子。

公既行若三言,使人问大国,大国之君曰:齐安矣。使人问小国,小国之君曰:齐不加我矣。

(节选自《晏子春秋》)

【注】三王:夏商周三代之明君,多情夏禹、商汤、周文王(或周武王)。橧巢:用柴薪搭建的巢形住所。关市:指集市。讥:查,盘问。

【1】对下列句子中加点词的解释,不正确的一项是

A.若其衣服节俭而众 说:同,高兴

B.土事不,木事不镂 文:花纹

C.下之其上甚矣 疾:痛恨

D.君而处身 宗:尊崇

【2】下列各组句子中,加点词的意义和用法相同的一项是

A.如此,则诸侯至矣 行李之往来,共乏困

B.服之轻重便 青,取之

C.然则曷禄夫子 还军霸上,待大王来

D.关市讥不征 逝者如斯,未尝往也

【3】下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句,正确的一项是(

A.夫冠足以修敬/不务其饰/衣足以掩形御寒/不务其美/身服不杂彩/首服不镂刻

B.夫冠足以修/敬不务其饰/衣足以掩形御寒/不务其美身/服不杂彩首/服不镂刻

C.夫冠足以修/敬不务其饰衣/足以掩形/御寒不务其美/身服不杂彩首/服不镂刻

D.夫冠足以修敬/不务其饰衣/足以掩形/御寒不务其美身/服不杂彩/首服不镂刻

【4】下列对原文有关内容的理解与分析,表述不正确的一项是

A.晏子认为,古代圣王诚心诚意地爱护百姓,实实在在地对百姓行善,因此天下的人都感念其德义而归附他们。

B.晏子认为要想治理好国家,使天下归附,最重要的不是取法已过时的古圣王制度,而是效法他们的节俭风尚。

C.面对景公的封赏,晏子并不领情,他毅然决然地予以拒绝,并且指出了景公穷奢极欲与穷兵黩武的危害性。

D.本文采用对话的方式,批评了景公治理国家的错误观点和做法,表达了晏子减少赋税减轻刑罚等政治主张。

【5】把文言文阅读材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(10分)

(1)其不为橧巢者,以避风也;其不为窟穴者,以避湿也。

译文:_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

(2)公乃愿致诸侯,不亦难乎?公之言过矣。

译文:_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

(3)是则可矣。虽然,君子独不欲富与贵乎?

译文:_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

【题目】To a watching world, Mike and Mary Murray were a perfect couple. They had been high school sweethearts.

And they ______ to have a happy marriage. Mike had a good job, and Mary was able to ______ home with their children. They owned their home and ______ kids, two cars, and a family dog. ______ to Mike, after seven years of marriage, something was terribly wrong. The Murrays had ______ their material goals and Mike ______, Now what? He began to look to his job for fulfillment and often worked 60 hour ______. Mary poured herself into the children. It was so ______ for her to turn her focus from Mike to 6-month-old Eric and 2-year-old Brittany.

And now the marriage seemed ______. Their lives were traveling in two different directions. They no longer really communicated---yes, they answered ______ questions, but they didnt talk ______ as they had in the early years of their marriage. Mike felt trapped. I ______ had time to do things that I wanted to,” he said. Mike did not share his feelings with Mary. Instead, he followed the slippery path of many others---he became involved with (与……纠缠不清) a woman at work, who was ______ her husband. It began as a simple friendship. “I was able to listen and she was able to listen,” Mike recalls.

Mary ______ the battle in Mikes soul. He wasnt home as much, and we werent talking as much, she said. I was wrapped up in the kids and I just couldnt imagine anything ever ______. The situation became worse when the Murrays attended a wedding and began to argue. Mary asked Mike if he was seeing ______ and he said, “Yes. It’s just an emotional(情感的)thing.” Mike can still remember the ______ of hurt and total surprise on Mary’s face. She was troubled, and he knew that he had turned against his best friend ______ high school. The expression on her face jarred(刺激) him into ______, and he began to understand the ______ he was doing to his family.

【1】 A. happened B. appeared C. looked D. had

【2】A. live in B. study at C. stay at D. be out of

【3】 A. one B. no C. three D. two

【4】A. Luckily B. As C. Thanks D. But

【5】A. arrived B. reached C. got to D. made

【6】A. surprised B. understood C. wondered D. asked

【7】 A. a week B. for a week C. on a week D. over a week

【8】 A. difficult B. comfortable C. apply D. easy

【9】A. empty B. separate C. full of job D. true of life

【10】 A. simple B. surface C. scientific D. social

【11】A. at all B. anything C. heart to heart D. in pain

【12】 A. really B. likely C. always D. never

【13】 A. loved by B. separated from C. different from D. cared by

【14】 A. knew B. understood C. admitted D. had no idea of

【15】 A. to take place B. to happen C. happening D. done

【16】 A. her B. someone else C. the matter D. anything

【17】 A. look B. face C. feeling D. want

【18】 A. since B. from C. to D. of

【19】 A. fact B. reality C. her life D. his life

【20】 A. good B. wrong C. harm D. harmful

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