题目内容

【题目】阅读下面“新华社历年新闻报道精选”中的文段，完成下列各题。

上海严寒

新华社上海1957年2月12日电 这几天上海街头积雪不化，春寒料峭，最低温度下降到零下7.4摄氏度，上海人遇到了有气象记载的80多年来罕见的严寒。10日和11日，出现了晴天下雪的现象。晴日高照，雪花在阳光中飞舞，行人纷纷伫足仰视这个瑰丽的奇景。

“前天一夜风雪，昨夜八百童尸。”这是诗人臧克家1947年2月在上海写下的诗篇《生命的零度》中开头的两句。这几天要比10年前冷得多，但据上海市民政局调查，到目前并没有发现冻死的人。民政局已布置各区加强对生活困难的居民特别是孤苦无依的老人的救济工作。为了避免寒冷影响儿童的健康，上海市教育局已将全市幼儿园的开学日期延至18日。

（1）(分析新闻导语的作用题)简要说明《上海严寒》一文导语中景物描写在整条消息中的作用。

答：

（2）(分析新闻结构的合理性题)简要分析《上海严寒》一文结构的合理性。

答：

【答案】

（1）新闻开篇用了景物点染法，既点明了严寒的程度，又描绘出一幅严寒雪景图，使新闻有了形象，读者容易接受，也自然受到感染。写景的角度选择得好，不是就自然景色角度来写景，而是从人的角度，从人“遇到了罕见的严寒”和“行人纷纷伫足仰视奇景”来写严寒。因此，就不单纯是写自然界中的严寒飞雪，也是在写社会上人们生活的切身感受，从而增添了社会新闻的色彩。

（2）气温下降本来是一种纯粹的自然现象，但同样是严寒，10年前的那一次和10年后的这一次给上海人民带来的影响迥然不同。从自然界的风雪严寒出发，延伸到社会的冷暖变化，写就了一篇思想性很强的社会新闻，自然合理。

【解析】略

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The joy of giving as secret Santas is much sweeter when the gift is anonymous.

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