题目内容

【题目】金属镍有广泛的用途。粗镍中含有少量Fe、Zn、Cu、Pt等杂质,可用电解法制备高纯度的镍,下列叙述正确的是(已知:氧化性Fe2+<Ni2+<Cu2+)( )

A.阳极发生还原反应,其电极反应式:Ni2++2e==Ni

B.电解过程中,阳极质量的减少与阴极质量的增加相等

C.电解后,溶液中存在的金属阳离子只有Fe2+和Zn2+

D.电解后,电解槽底部的阳极泥中只有Cu和Pt

【答案】D

【解析】在电解池中,阳极失去电子,化合价升高,发生氧化反应,而阴极得到电子,化合价降低,发生还原反应。根据试题中三种离子的氧化性大小:Fe2+<Ni2+<Cu2+,可以推出题中几种金属在阳极的放电顺序为:Zn>Fe>Ni>Cu>Pt(惰性金属不放电),阴极的放电顺序为:Zn2+<Fe2+<Ni2+<Cu2+故,阳极电极反应式有:Zn-2e==Zn2+,Fe-2e==Fe2+,Ni-2e==Ni2+(主要电极反应),A项错误;由于阳极中Cu和Pt沉于电解槽底部的阳极泥中,而Zn和Fe在阳极放电,在阴极不能放电,因此阳极质量的减少>阴极质量的增加,B项错误;溶液中除了Fe2+和Zn2+还有Ni2+、H,C项错误;反应过程中镍及活动性强于镍的金属失电子,活动性弱于镍的金属以阳极泥的形式存在,故阳极泥中只有Cu和Pt,D项正确。

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【题目】完形填空

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

The Temple of Heaven is regarded as one of the greatest architectural structures 1 the world. Some environmental(环境的) artists and gardeners 2 the temple as a place where people can talk to 3 . In Beijing four imperial(皇帝的) temples were built 4 the Ming and Qing dynasties. The 5 of Heaven is the most 6 of the four. The other three are the Altar(祭坛) of the 7 in the north, the Altar of the Moon in the west, and the Altar 8 the Sun in the east. All of them are still 9 , but the Temple of Heaven is the __10__ group of temple buildings of its kind in China, nearly four 11 larger than the Forbidden City (紫禁城).

In 12 the heaven-like structures, the designers made good 13 of the colour, sound, figures of the circle and the square, and 14 in its height. The combination(结合) of 15 and garden helps to make it 16 mysterious and magical. The temples architecture has 17 themes. One is on the earth while __18__ is in the heaven. The square-shaped palace 19 fasting(斋戒) in the west of the temple appears like a Forbidden City in a smaller 20 .

【1】A. to B. for C. up D. in

【2】A. describe B. distribute C. mention D. speak

【3】A. space B. place C. heaven D. Hades

【4】A. within B. during C. through D. according

【5】A. Temple B. Church C. Mountain D. Market

【6】.A. impossible B. necessary C. important D. familiar

【7】A. Moon B. Earth C. Sun D. planets

【8】A. to B. above C. about D. of

【9】A. sitting B. sleeping C. standing D. kneeling

【10】A. largest B. larger C. heavier D. heaviest

【11】A. time B. times C. oclock D. years

【12】A. owning B. having C. producing D. making

【13】A. idea B. use C. mind D. need

【14】A. changes B. moves C. corrects D. attends

【15】A. family B. home C. building D. house

【16】A. feel B. appear C. find D. see

【17】A. three B. one C. four D. two

【18】A. the other B. other C. another D. others

【19】A. in B. with C. for D. to

【20】A. height B. wide C. length D. size

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