题目内容

【题目】2014年3月6日,全国已有浙江、江西、安徽、北京等八个省份依法启动实施单独二孩政策。据此回答下列题。

【1】我国启动此项政策的国情是因为

A人口死亡率增高,老龄人口增多

B劳动年龄人口开始减少,而人口老龄化速度加快

C经济增长快,环境承载力提高

D人口出现负增长,总人口下降

【2】实施单独二胎的省区,下列指标近几年内变化不明显的是

A人口自然增长率 B人口老龄化速度

C劳动力的规模 D劳动力的职业构成

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【解析】

试题分析:

【1】由于我国长时间实施计划生育政策,使人口的出生率下降,自然增长率下降,所以劳动年龄人口开始减少,劳动力将会出现不足,而人口老龄化速度加快,社会负担会加重,为了缓解此问题,所以启动此项政策;而此项政策,不会减少老龄人口的数量;环境承载力没有提高;我国人口没有出现负增长,总人口数量还在增加。故选B。

【2】实施单独二胎政策,出生率会增多,人口自然增长率会增加;因老年人口数量不会减少反而会增多,因此人口老龄化速度还会增加;因出生人口数量较少,短时间内,劳动力的规模变化不大;

因出生儿童增多,会影响劳动力的职业构成,因此答案选C项。

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【题目】阅读理解

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项 (A 、B 、C D )中,选出最佳选项。

Attitudes toward new technologies often fall along generational lines. That is, generally, younger people tend to outnumber older people on the front end of a technologic I shift.

It is not always the case, though. When you look at attitudes toward driverless cars y there doesn't seem to be a dear generational divide. The public overall is split on whether they'd like to use a driverless car. In a study last year, of all people surveyed, 48 percent said they wanted to ride in one, while 50 percent did not.

The fact that attitudes toward self-driving cars appear to be so steady across generations suggests how varying the shift to driverless cars could be. Not everyone wants a driverless car now-and no one can get one yet-but among those who are open to them, every age group is similarly involved.

Actually, this isn't surprising. Whereas older generations are sometimes unwilling to adopt new technologies, driverless cars promise real value to these age groups in particular. Older adults, especially those with limited moving or difficulty driving on their own, are one of the classic use-cases for driverless cars.

This is especially interesting when you consider that younger people are generally more interested in travel-related technologies than older ones.

When it comes to driverless cars, differences in attitude are easily noticeable based on factors not related to age. College graduates, for example, are particularly interested in driverless cars compared with those who have less education. 59 percent of cllege graduates said they would like to use a driverless car compared with 38 percent of those with a high-school diploma or less.

Where a person lives matters, too. More people who live in cities and suburbs said they wanted to try driverless cars than those who lived in rural areas.

While there's reason to believe that interest in 8elf-driving cars is going up across the hoard, a person's age will have little to Ho with how self-driving cars can become mainstream. Once driverless cars are actually available for sale, the early adopters will be the people who can afford to buy them.

1】Which of the following can be the influence of a new technology, according to the passage?

A. It often reads to great inventions in other related fields.

B. It contributes greatly to the advance of society as a whole.

C. It further widens the gap between the old and the young.

D. It usually draws different reactions from different age groups.

2】Why does the driverless car appeal to some old people?

A. It helps with their moving.

B. It saves their money and energy.

C. It adds to the safety of their travel.

D. It makes their life more interesting

3】What is likely to affect one's attitude toward the driverless car?

A. The length of their driving experience.

B. The amount of training they received.

C. The location of their living place.

D. The field of their special interest.

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